Öz
Amaç: Bu araştırmada, yoğun ve stresli çalışma ortamında çalışan hemşirelerin işyerlerinde karşılaştıkları nezaketsiz durumların, birçok örgütsel pozitif davranışlar ile ilişkili olan psikolojik sermaye düzeylerine nasıl etki ettiğinin belirlenmesi amaçlandı.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı nitelikteki bu araştırmanın örneklemini bir eğitim araştırma hastanesinde çalışan 267 hemşire oluşturdu. Araştırmada örneklem seçimine gidilmemiş olup, araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden tüm hemşireler araştırmaya dâhil edildi. Veriler, Şubat-Nisan 2021 tarihleri arasında geçerlik ve güvenirliği Kutlu ve Bilgin tarafından yapılan, Cronbach Alpha katsayısı .90 olan “İşyeri Nezaketsizlik Ölçeği” (12 ifade) ile geçerlik ve güvenirliği Oruç tarafından yapılan, Cronbach Alpha katsayısı .93 olan “Psikolojik Sermaye Ölçeği” (12 ifade) ve hemşirelerin sosyodemografik (9 ifade) özelliklerini içeren toplam 33 maddelik anket formu ile toplandı. Araştırma öncesi gerekli tüm izinler alındı. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde tanımlayıcı istatiksel yöntemlerin yanı sıra ANOVA, t testi ve regresyon analizi kullanıldı.
Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan hemşirelerin %72.4’ü kadın, yaş ortalamaları 33.77±5.33, %67.7’si evli ve %70.8’i lisans mezunu olduğu belirlendi. Her iki ölçekte erkeklerin puan ortalamalarının daha yüksek olduğu saptandı. Yaşları ve nezaket düzeyleri arasında anlamlı bir fark olduğu belirlendi (p<0.05). Eğitim durumları ile psikolojik sermaye düzeyleri arasında da anlamlı bir fark saptandı (p<0.05). Ayrıca işyeri nezaketsizliğinin, psikolojik sermaye düzeyini negatif yönde etkilediği belirlendi (p<0.05).
Sonuç: Bu araştırmada, işyeri nezaketsizliğinin artmasının, hemşirelerin psikolojik sermaye düzeylerini düşürdüğü sonucuna varıldı. Ayrıca hemşirelerin eğitim düzeyleri düştükçe karşılaştıkları iş yeri nezaketsizliğinin arttığı, eğitim seviyelerinin yükseldikçe psikolojik sermaye düzeylerinin arttığı sonucuna ulaşıldı. Bu doğrultuda, hemşirelerin işyerinde nezaketsizliği arttıran nedenlerin belirlenmesi, özellikle yönetici hemşirelere ve diğer çalışanlara bu konuda eğitimler verilmesi, kurum sosyalliğinin arttırılması ile psikolojik sermaye düzeylerinin artabileceği sonucuna varıldı.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Hemşire İş yeri Organizasyon ve yönetim Psikolojik Yönetim hemşireliği araştırması
Proje Numarası
Yok
Kaynakça
- Pearson C, Porath C. The cost of bad behavior: how incivility is damaging your business and what to do about it. New York, Penguin; 2009.
- Andersson L, Pearson CM. Tit for tat? The spiraling effect of incivility in the workplace. Aca Man Review. 1999;24:452-471.
- Smith L, Andrusyszyn M, Laschinger H. Effects of workplace incivility and empowerment on newly-graduated nurses’ organizational commitment. J Nurs Manag. 2010:1004-1015.
- Vessey JA, DeMarco RF, Gaffney DA, Budin WC. Bullying of staff registered nurses in the workplace: A preliminary study for developing personal and organizational strategies for the transformation of hostile to healthy workplace environments. J Prof Nurs. 2009;25:299-306.
- Sahay A, Hutchinson M, East L. Exploring the influence of workplace supports and relationships on safe medication practice: A pilot study of Australian graduate nurses. Nurse Educ Today. 2015;35(5):21-26.
- Laschinger HKS, Nosko A. Exposure to workplace bullying and post-traumatic stress disorder symptomology: The role of protective psychological resources. J Nurs Managt. 2015;23:252-262.
- Ekici D, Beder A. The effects of workplace bullying on physicians and nurses. Aust J Adv Nurs. 2015;31(4):24-33.
- Luthans F, Luthans KW, Luthans BC. Positive psychological capital: Beyond human and social capital. Bus Horiz. 2004;47(1):45-50.
- Abbas M, Raja U. Impact of psychological capital on innovative performance and job stress. Can J Adm Sci. 2015;32(2):128-138.
- Avey JB, Avolio BJ, Luthans F. Experimentally analyzing the impact of leader positivity on follower positivity and performance. Leadersh Q. 2011;22(2):282-294.
- Avey JB, Reichard RJ, Luthans F, Mhatre KH. Meta-analysis of the impact of positive psychological capital on employee attitudes, behaviors, and performance. Hum Resour Dev Q. 2011;22(2):127-152.
- Du Y, Li P, Zhang L. Linking job control to employee creativity: The roles of creative self-efficacy and regulatory focus. Asian J Soc Psychol. 2018;21(3):187-197.
- Kutlu A, Bilgin N. İşyeri nezaketsizlik ölçeğinin hemşireler üzerinde türkçe geçerlik ve güvenirliği çalışması. Sağlık ve Hemşirelik Yönetimi Dergisi. 2017;4(2):56-62.
- Sameer YM. Innovative behavior and psychological capital: Does positivity make any difference? JEM. 2018;32:75-101.
- Bonner L. A survey of work engagement and psychological capital levels. Br J Nurs. 2016;25(15):865-871.
- Sun T, Zhao XW, Yang LB, Fan LH. The impact of psychological capital on job embeddedness and job performance among nurses: A structural equation approach. J Adv Nurs. 2012;68(1):69-79.
- Cimiotti JP, Aiken LH, Sloane DM, Wu ES. Nurse staffing, burnout, and health care-associated infection. Am J Infect Control. 2012;40(6):486-490.
- Zhao C, Chang Q, Zhang X, et al. Evaluation of safety attitudes of hospitals and the effects of demographic factors on safety attitudes: A psychometric validation of the safety attitudes and safety climate questionnaire. BMC Health Serv Res. 2019;19(1):836-846.
- Crawford CL, Chu F, Judson LH, et al. An integrative review of nurse-to nurse incivility, hostility, and workplace violence: A GPS for nurse leaders. Nurs Adm Q. 2019;43(2):138-156.
- Nolzen N. The concept of psychological capital: A comprehensive review. Manag Rev Q. 2018;68(3):237-277.
- Fida R, Laschinger HKS, Leiter MP. The protective role of self-efficacy against workplace incivility and burnout in nursing: A time-lagged study. Health Care Manag Rev. 2018;43(1):21-29.
- Taşkaya S, Aksoy A. A bibliometric analysis of workplace incivility in nursing. J Nurs Manag. 2021;29(3):518-525.
- Woo CH, Kim C. Impact of workplace incivility on compassion competence of Korean nurses: Moderating effect of psychological capital. J Nurs Manag. 2020;28:682-689.
- Luthans F, Avolio BJ, Avey JB, Norman SM. Positive psychological capital: measurement and relationship with performance and satisfaction. Pers Psychol. 2007;60(3):541-572.
Öz
Objective: In this study, it was aimed to determine how the incivility situations encountered by nurses working in a busy and stressful work environment affect their psychological capital levels, which are associated with many organizational positive behaviors.
Method: The sample of this descriptive study consisted of 267 nurses working in a training and research hospital. No sample selection was made in the study, and all nurses who agreed to participate in the study were included in the study. The data were collected from the “Workplace Incivility Scale” (12 statements) with a Cronbach Alpha coefficient of .90, validity and reliability made by Kutlu and Bilgin between February and April 2021, and the “Psychological Capital Scale” with a Cronbach Alpha coefficient of .93, validity and reliability of which was made by Oruç. It was collected with a 33 item questionnaire form including (12 statements) and sociodemographic (9 statements) characteristics of nurses. All necessary permissions were obtained before the research. In the evaluation of the data, ANOVA, t test and regression analysis were used as well as descriptive statistical methods.
Results: It was determined that 72.4% of the nurses participating in the study were female, their average age was 33.77±5.33, 67.7% were married and 70.8% had a bachelor's degree. It was determined that the mean scores of men on both scales were higher. It was determined that there was a significant difference between their ages and kindness levels (p<0.05). There was also a significant difference between educational status and psychological capital levels (p<0.05). In addition, it was determined that workplace incivility negatively affected the level of psychological capital (p<0.05).
Conclusion: In this study, it was concluded that increasing workplace incivility reduces nurses' psychological capital levels. In addition, it was concluded that as the education level of the nurses decreased, the workplace incivility they encountered increased, and the level of psychological capital increased as the education level increased. In this direction, it has been concluded that the psychological capital levels of nurses can increase by determining the reasons that increase incivility in the workplace, providing trainings to manager nurses and other employees on this subject, and increasing the sociality of the institution
Anahtar Kelimeler
Nurse Work place Organization and administration Psychological Administrative nursing research
Proje Numarası
Yok
Kaynakça
- Pearson C, Porath C. The cost of bad behavior: how incivility is damaging your business and what to do about it. New York, Penguin; 2009.
- Andersson L, Pearson CM. Tit for tat? The spiraling effect of incivility in the workplace. Aca Man Review. 1999;24:452-471.
- Smith L, Andrusyszyn M, Laschinger H. Effects of workplace incivility and empowerment on newly-graduated nurses’ organizational commitment. J Nurs Manag. 2010:1004-1015.
- Vessey JA, DeMarco RF, Gaffney DA, Budin WC. Bullying of staff registered nurses in the workplace: A preliminary study for developing personal and organizational strategies for the transformation of hostile to healthy workplace environments. J Prof Nurs. 2009;25:299-306.
- Sahay A, Hutchinson M, East L. Exploring the influence of workplace supports and relationships on safe medication practice: A pilot study of Australian graduate nurses. Nurse Educ Today. 2015;35(5):21-26.
- Laschinger HKS, Nosko A. Exposure to workplace bullying and post-traumatic stress disorder symptomology: The role of protective psychological resources. J Nurs Managt. 2015;23:252-262.
- Ekici D, Beder A. The effects of workplace bullying on physicians and nurses. Aust J Adv Nurs. 2015;31(4):24-33.
- Luthans F, Luthans KW, Luthans BC. Positive psychological capital: Beyond human and social capital. Bus Horiz. 2004;47(1):45-50.
- Abbas M, Raja U. Impact of psychological capital on innovative performance and job stress. Can J Adm Sci. 2015;32(2):128-138.
- Avey JB, Avolio BJ, Luthans F. Experimentally analyzing the impact of leader positivity on follower positivity and performance. Leadersh Q. 2011;22(2):282-294.
- Avey JB, Reichard RJ, Luthans F, Mhatre KH. Meta-analysis of the impact of positive psychological capital on employee attitudes, behaviors, and performance. Hum Resour Dev Q. 2011;22(2):127-152.
- Du Y, Li P, Zhang L. Linking job control to employee creativity: The roles of creative self-efficacy and regulatory focus. Asian J Soc Psychol. 2018;21(3):187-197.
- Kutlu A, Bilgin N. İşyeri nezaketsizlik ölçeğinin hemşireler üzerinde türkçe geçerlik ve güvenirliği çalışması. Sağlık ve Hemşirelik Yönetimi Dergisi. 2017;4(2):56-62.
- Sameer YM. Innovative behavior and psychological capital: Does positivity make any difference? JEM. 2018;32:75-101.
- Bonner L. A survey of work engagement and psychological capital levels. Br J Nurs. 2016;25(15):865-871.
- Sun T, Zhao XW, Yang LB, Fan LH. The impact of psychological capital on job embeddedness and job performance among nurses: A structural equation approach. J Adv Nurs. 2012;68(1):69-79.
- Cimiotti JP, Aiken LH, Sloane DM, Wu ES. Nurse staffing, burnout, and health care-associated infection. Am J Infect Control. 2012;40(6):486-490.
- Zhao C, Chang Q, Zhang X, et al. Evaluation of safety attitudes of hospitals and the effects of demographic factors on safety attitudes: A psychometric validation of the safety attitudes and safety climate questionnaire. BMC Health Serv Res. 2019;19(1):836-846.
- Crawford CL, Chu F, Judson LH, et al. An integrative review of nurse-to nurse incivility, hostility, and workplace violence: A GPS for nurse leaders. Nurs Adm Q. 2019;43(2):138-156.
- Nolzen N. The concept of psychological capital: A comprehensive review. Manag Rev Q. 2018;68(3):237-277.
- Fida R, Laschinger HKS, Leiter MP. The protective role of self-efficacy against workplace incivility and burnout in nursing: A time-lagged study. Health Care Manag Rev. 2018;43(1):21-29.
- Taşkaya S, Aksoy A. A bibliometric analysis of workplace incivility in nursing. J Nurs Manag. 2021;29(3):518-525.
- Woo CH, Kim C. Impact of workplace incivility on compassion competence of Korean nurses: Moderating effect of psychological capital. J Nurs Manag. 2020;28:682-689.
- Luthans F, Avolio BJ, Avey JB, Norman SM. Positive psychological capital: measurement and relationship with performance and satisfaction. Pers Psychol. 2007;60(3):541-572.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makaleleri |
| Yazarlar | |
| Proje Numarası | Yok |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 31 Aralık 2021 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 22 Haziran 2021 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2021 Cilt: 2 Sayı: 3 |
Cited By
İşyeri Nezaketsizliğinin Psikolojik Sermaye Üzerine Etkisine İlişkin Bir Araştırma
İktisadi İdari ve Siyasal Araştırmalar Dergisi
https://doi.org/10.25204/iktisad.1205145
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