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Postpartum Nonsiklik Sütçü İneklerde Progesteron-Östradiol, Progesteron-GnRH-Prostaglandin F2α veya Östradiol ile Tedaviden Sonra Folliküler Değişiklikler ve Reprodüktif Performans

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 4, 419 - 429, 15.12.2018

Hasan Basri Tek Yavuz Nak Ahmet Gümen Kamil Seyrek-intaş Abdülkadir Keskin

https://doi.org/10.30607/kvj.445404

Öz

Çalışmanın
amacı; postpartum nonsiklik ineklerde progesteron, GnRH, PGF2α ve
östradiol benzoat hormonlarını içeren tedavi yöntemlerinin folliküler gelişim
ve progesteron konsantrasyonları üzerindeki etkilerini araştırmaktır. Çalışma
materyalini tedavi yöntemlerine göre rastgele 3 gruba ayrılan toplam 20 adet
nonsiklik Holstein inek oluşturdu (n=20). Grup I’ de (n=7) bulunan ineklere 12
gün süre ile PRID (östradiol kapsüllü) yerleştirildi. Grup II’ de (n=6) 0.
günde 10 mcg GnRH ve PRID (kapsülsüz) ve PRID’ lerin uzaklaştırıldıkları 7.
günde 25 mg PGF2α tedavileri uygulandı. Grup III’de (n=7) ise grup
II’den farklı olarak kapsülsüz PRID’ lerin uzaklaştırılmalarını takiben 10.
saatte östradiol benzoat uygulandı. Sıfırıncı günde GnRH uygulamalarına cevap
olarak grup II (6/6) ve III’ de (5/7) bulunan ineklerde sırasıyla ortalama
2,5±0,2. ve 2,2±0,2. günlerde; 12,0±0,7 mm ve 11,0±0,9 mm çaplı folliküllerde
ovulasyonlar tespit edildi. PRID’ lerin vaginadan
uzaklaştırılmalarını takiben grup I’ de bulunan ineklerde (7/7) persistent
follikül oluşumu gözlenirken, Grup II (4/6) ve III’ de (6/7) yer alan ineklerde 4,8±0,6. ve 3,5±0,3. günde
ovulasyonlar tespit edildi. Sonuçta; Grup I’de uygulanan tedavi, siklik
aktivitenin başlatılmasında başarısız kaldı ve persistent follikül oluşumuna
neden oldu. Grup II ve III’ de uygulanan tedaviler siklik aktivitelerin
başlatılmasında benzer başarıyı gösterirken, östradiol benzoat tedavisine bağlı
olarak Grup III’ de ovulasyonlar daha erken gözlendi (P<0,05). 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Nonsiklik inek PRID folliküler dalga persistent follikül

Kaynakça

  • 1. Ahmad N, Schrick FN, Butcher RI, Inskeep EK. Effect of persistent follicles on early embryonic losses in beef cows. Biol Reprod. 1995; 52:1129.
  • 2. Alaçam E. Sütçü sığırlarda dölverimi sorunları. Hasad Dergisi. 1992; 31-34.
  • 3. Bo GA, Adams GP, Pierson RA, Mapletoft RJ. Exogenous control of follicular wave emergence in cattle. Theriogenology. 1995; 43: 31-40.
  • 4. Calder MD, Salfen BE, Bao Bao B, Youngquıst RS, Garverıch HA. Administration of progesterone to cows with ovarian follicular cysts results in a reduction in mean LH and LH pulse frequency and initiates ovulatory follicular growth. J Anim Sci. 1999; 77: 3037-3042.
  • 5. Cupp AS, Garcıa-Wınder M, Zamudıo A, Marıscal V, Wehrman M, Kojıma FN, Peters K, Bergfeld EG, Hernandez P, Sanchez T, Kıttok R, Kınder J. Two concentrations of progesterone (P4) in circulation have differrential effect on pattern of ovarian follicular development in the cow. Biol Reprod. 1992; 44 (1): 64.
  • 6. Diskin MG, Austin EJ, Roche, JF. Exogenous hormonal manipulation of ovarian activity in cattle. Domes Anim Endocrinol. 2002; 23: 211-228.
  • 7. Fıke KE, Day MI, Inskeed EK, Kınder JE, Lewıs PE, Short RE, Hafs HD. Estrus and luteal function in suckled beef cows that were anestrus when treated with an intravaginal device cotaining progesterone with or without a subsequent injection of estradiol benzoate. J Anim Sci. 1997; 75: 2009-2015.
  • 8. Ginther OJ, Kulıck LJ, Kot K, Wıltbank MC. Emergence and deviation of follicles during the development of follicular waves in cattle. Theriogenology, 48: 75-87, 1997.
  • 9. Gumen A, Guenther JN, Wiltbank MC. Follicular size and response to ovsynch versus detection of estrus in anovular and ovular lactating dairy cows. J Dairy Sci. 2003; 86: 3184-3194.
  • 10. Gumen A, Wiltbank MC. Length of progesterone exposure needed to resolve large follicle anovular condition in dairy cows. Theriogenology. 2005; 63: 202-218.
  • 11. Jolly PD, Tisdall DJ, Health DA, Lun S, Mcnatty KP. Apoptosis in bovine granulosa cells in relation to steroid synthesis, cyclic adenosin 3’, 5’-monophosphate response to follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone, and follicular atresia. Biol Reprod. 1994; 51: 934-944.
  • 12. Lamming GE, Darwash AO. The use of milk progesterone profiles to characterise components of subfertility in milked dairy cows. Anim Reprod Sci. 1998; 52: 175-190.
  • 13. Littell RC, Henry PR, Ammerman CB. Statistical analysis of repeated measures data using SAS procedures. J Dairy Sci. 1998; 76: 1216-1231.
  • 14. Lopez H, Caravıello DZ, Satter LD, Fricke PM, Wiltbank MC. Relationship between level of milk production and multiple ovulations in lactating dairy cows. J Dairy Sci. 2005; 88: 2783-2793.
  • 15. Lucy MC, Savıo JD, Badınga L, De La SOTA RL, Thatcher WW. Factors that affect ovarian follicular dynamics in cattle. J Anim Sci. 1992; 70: 3615-3626.
  • 16. Lucy MC, Thatcher WW, Macmillan KL. Ultrasonic identification of follicular populations and return to estrus in early postpartum dairy cattle given intravaginal progesterone for 15 days. Theriogenology. 1990; 34: 325.
  • 17. Lucy MC, Billings HJ, Butler WR, Ehnis LR, Fields MJ, Kesler DJ, Kinder JE, Mattos RC, Short RE, Thatcher WW, Wettemann RP, Yelıch JV, Hafs HD. Efficacy of an intravaginal progesterone insert and an injection of PGF2α for synchronizing estrus and shortening the interval to pregnancy in postpartum beef cows, peripubertal beef heifers and dairy heifers. J Anim Sci. 2001; 79: 982-995.
  • 18. Martinez MF, Kastelıc JP, Adams GP, Cook B, Olson WO, Mapletoft RJ. The use of progestins in regimen for fixed-time artificial insemination in beef cattle. Theriogenology. 2002; 57: 1049-1059.
  • 19. Mihm M, Baguısı A, Boland MP, Roche JF. Association between the duration of dominance of the ovulatory follicle and pregnancy rate in beef heifers. J Reprod Fertil. 1994a; 102: 123.
  • 20. Mihm M, Curran N, Hyttel P, Boland MP, Roche JF. Resumption of meiosis in cattle oocytes from preovulatory follicles with a short and a long duration of dominance. J Reprod Fertil. 1994b; 13: 36.
  • 21. Mongiardino ME, Dick AR, Murray R, Maciel M, Ramos G, Balbiani G. Applied biotechnology for improving fertility of herds in Argentina, proceeding of the final research cordination meeting of the FAO/IAEA/ARCAL, 3. regional network for improving the reproductive management of meat and milk producing livestock in Latin America with the aid of raddioimmunoassay organized by the joint FAO Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture and Held in Bogota, 19-23 September 1988, International Atomatic Energy Agency, Vienna, page: 101-117, 1990.
  • 22. Moreira F, Orlandi C, Risco CA, Mattos R, Lopes FL, Thatcher WW. Effects of presynchronization and bovine somatotropin on pregnancy rates to a timed artificial insemination protocol in lactating dairy cows. J Dairy Sci.2001; 84: 1646-1659.
  • 23. Mwaanga ES, Janowskı T. Anoestrus in dairy cows: causes, prevalance and clinical forms. Reprod Domes Anim. 2000; 35: 193-200.
  • 24. Peter AR, Lamming GE. Lactational anoestrus in farm animals. in ‘Oxford Reviews of Reproductive Biology’, Ed. MILLIGAN S.R., Vol. 12, University Press, Oxford, 1990; 245-288.
  • 25. Pursley JR, Fricke PM, Garverich HA, Kesler DJ, Ottobre JS, Stevenson JS, Wiltbank MC. Improved fertility in noncycling lactating dairy cows treated with exogenous progesterone during Ovsynch. J Dairy Sci. 2001; 83 (1): 1563.
  • 26. Rajamahendran R, Taylor C. Follicular dynamics and temporal relationships among body temperature, oestrus, the surge of luteinizing hormone and ovulation in Holstein heifers treated with norgestomet. J Reprod Fertil. 1991; 92: 461.
  • 27. Rhodes FM, Mcdougall S, Burke CR, Verkerk GA, Macmıllan KL. Treatment of cows with an extended postpartum anestrus interval. J Dairy Sci. 2003; 86: 1876-1894.
  • 28. Roche JF, Mihm M, Diskin MG, Ireland JJ. A review of regulation of follicle growth in cattle. J Anim Sci. 1988; 76: 16-29.
  • 29. Roche JF, Mackey D, Diskin MD. Reproductive management of postpartum cows. Anim Reprod Sci. 2000; 60-61: 703-712.
  • 30. Ryan M, Mihm M, Roche JF. Effect of GnRH given before or after dominance on gonadotrophin response and the fate of that follicle wave in postpartum dairy cows. J Reprod Fertil. 1998; 21: 61.
  • 31. Ryan DP, Galvin JA, O’Farrell KJ. Comparision of estrus synchronization regimens for lactating dairy cows. Anim Reprod Sci. 1999; 56: 153-168.
  • 32. Sanchez T, Wehrman ME, Kojıma FN, Cupp AS, Bergfeld EG, Peters KE, Marıscal V, Kittok RJ, Kinder JE. Dosage synthetic progestin, norgestomet influences luteinizing hormone pulse frequency and endogenous secretion of 17β-oesradiol in heifers. Biol Reprod. 1995; 52: 464.
  • 33. Sartori R, Fricke PM, Ferreira JCP, Ginther OJ, Wiltbank MC. Follicular deviation and acquisition of ovulatory capacity in bovine follicles. Biol Reprod. 2001; 65: 951-957.
  • 34. Savio JD, Thatcher WW, Badinga L, De La Sota RL, Wolfenson D. Regulation of dominant follicle turnover during the oestrus cycle in cows. J Reprod Fertil. 1993; 97: 197-203.
  • 35. Sirois J, Fortune JE. Lengthening the bovine estrous cycle with low levels of exogenous progesterone: a model for studying ovarian follicular dominance. Endocrinology. 1990; 127: 916-925.
  • 36. Stevenson JS, Tompson KE, Forbes WL, Lamb GC, Grieger DM, Corah LR. Synchronizing estrus and (or) ovulation in beef cows after combinations of GnRH, norgestomet and prostaglandin F2α with or without timed insemination. J Anim Sci. 2000; 78: 1747-1758.
  • 37. Stock AE, Fortune JE. Ovarian follicular dominance in cattle: Relationship between prolonged growth of the ovulatory follicle and endocrine parameters. Endocrinology. 1993; 132: 1108-1114.
  • 38. Taylor C, Rajamahendran, Walton JS. Ovarian follicular dynamics and plasma luteinizing hormone concentrations in norgestomet-treated heifers. Anim Reprod Sci. 1993; 32: 173.
  • 39. Xu ZZ, Garverıck HA, Smith GW, Smith MF, Hamilton SA, Youngquist RS. Expression of follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone receptor messenger ribonucleic acids in bovine follicles during the first follicular wave. Biol Reprod. 1995; 53: 951-957.
  • 40. Xu ZZ, Burton LJ, McDougall S, Jolly PD. Treatment of noncyclic lactating dairy cows with progesterone and estradiol or with progesterone, GnRH, prostaglandin F2α and estradiol. J Dairy Sci. 2000a; 83: 464-470.
  • 41. Xu ZZ, Verkerk GA, Mee JF, Morgan SR, Clark BA, Burke CR, Burton LJ. Progesterone and follicolar changes in postpartum noncyclic dairy cows after treatment with progesterone and estradiol or with progesterone, GnRH, PGF2α, and estradiol. Theriogenology. 2000b; 54: 273-282.
  • 42. Yavas Y, Walton JS. Postpartum acyclicity in suckled beef cows. Theriogenology. 2000; 54: 25-55.
  • 43. Zulu VC, Nakao T, Yamada K, Morıyoshı M, Nakada K, Sawamukaı Y. Clinical response of ovarian cysts in dairy cows after PRID treatment. J Vet Med Sci. 2003; 65(1): 57-62.

Follicular Changes and Reproductive Performance in Postpartum Noncyclic Dairy Cows After Treatment with Progesterone and Estradiol or with Progesterone, GnRH, Prostaglandin F2α and Estradiol

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 4, 419 - 429, 15.12.2018

Hasan Basri Tek Yavuz Nak Ahmet Gümen Kamil Seyrek-intaş Abdülkadir Keskin

https://doi.org/10.30607/kvj.445404

Öz

The
aim of this study was to investigate the effects of treatment methods including
GnRH, PGF2α and estradiol hormones on follicular development and
progesterone concentrations in postpartum noncyclic cows. The study material
consisted of 20 noncyclic, Holstein breed cows (n= 20), which were randomly
allocated to three groups according to the treatment protocols. In Group I
(n=7), PRID with estradiol capsule was inserted for 12 d. Cows in Group II
(n=6) were treated with 10 mcg of GnRH and PRID without estradiol capsule on
Day 0 and 25 mg of PGF2α on Day 7 when PRID was removed. Cows in
Group III (n=7) were treated same as Group II until PRID removal, then they
were received estradiol benzoate 10 h after PRID removal. In response to GnRH
treatment on Day 0, all six cows in Group II and 5 of 7 cows in Group III
ovulated 2,5±0,2 d and 2,2±0,2 d after GnRH treatment with 12,0±0,7 mm and
11,0±0,9 mm follicle diameter. All cows (7/7) in Group I had a persistent
follicles on the ovary following 12 d PRID treatment. Ovulations after PRID
removal were detected on Day 4,8±0,6 and 3,5±0,3 d
in Group II(4/6) and III (6/7), respectively.
In conclusion, PRID (with capsule) treatment for 12 d was not successful to
resume cyclicity and cause persistent follicle in noncyclic cows. However,
resumption of cyclicity was similarly high in Group II and III in response to
treatmens. In addition, cows in Group III ovulated earlier than Group II due to
estadiol benzoate treatment (P<0.05).

Anahtar Kelimeler

Noncyclic cows PRID follicular wave persistent follicle

Kaynakça

  • 1. Ahmad N, Schrick FN, Butcher RI, Inskeep EK. Effect of persistent follicles on early embryonic losses in beef cows. Biol Reprod. 1995; 52:1129.
  • 2. Alaçam E. Sütçü sığırlarda dölverimi sorunları. Hasad Dergisi. 1992; 31-34.
  • 3. Bo GA, Adams GP, Pierson RA, Mapletoft RJ. Exogenous control of follicular wave emergence in cattle. Theriogenology. 1995; 43: 31-40.
  • 4. Calder MD, Salfen BE, Bao Bao B, Youngquıst RS, Garverıch HA. Administration of progesterone to cows with ovarian follicular cysts results in a reduction in mean LH and LH pulse frequency and initiates ovulatory follicular growth. J Anim Sci. 1999; 77: 3037-3042.
  • 5. Cupp AS, Garcıa-Wınder M, Zamudıo A, Marıscal V, Wehrman M, Kojıma FN, Peters K, Bergfeld EG, Hernandez P, Sanchez T, Kıttok R, Kınder J. Two concentrations of progesterone (P4) in circulation have differrential effect on pattern of ovarian follicular development in the cow. Biol Reprod. 1992; 44 (1): 64.
  • 6. Diskin MG, Austin EJ, Roche, JF. Exogenous hormonal manipulation of ovarian activity in cattle. Domes Anim Endocrinol. 2002; 23: 211-228.
  • 7. Fıke KE, Day MI, Inskeed EK, Kınder JE, Lewıs PE, Short RE, Hafs HD. Estrus and luteal function in suckled beef cows that were anestrus when treated with an intravaginal device cotaining progesterone with or without a subsequent injection of estradiol benzoate. J Anim Sci. 1997; 75: 2009-2015.
  • 8. Ginther OJ, Kulıck LJ, Kot K, Wıltbank MC. Emergence and deviation of follicles during the development of follicular waves in cattle. Theriogenology, 48: 75-87, 1997.
  • 9. Gumen A, Guenther JN, Wiltbank MC. Follicular size and response to ovsynch versus detection of estrus in anovular and ovular lactating dairy cows. J Dairy Sci. 2003; 86: 3184-3194.
  • 10. Gumen A, Wiltbank MC. Length of progesterone exposure needed to resolve large follicle anovular condition in dairy cows. Theriogenology. 2005; 63: 202-218.
  • 11. Jolly PD, Tisdall DJ, Health DA, Lun S, Mcnatty KP. Apoptosis in bovine granulosa cells in relation to steroid synthesis, cyclic adenosin 3’, 5’-monophosphate response to follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone, and follicular atresia. Biol Reprod. 1994; 51: 934-944.
  • 12. Lamming GE, Darwash AO. The use of milk progesterone profiles to characterise components of subfertility in milked dairy cows. Anim Reprod Sci. 1998; 52: 175-190.
  • 13. Littell RC, Henry PR, Ammerman CB. Statistical analysis of repeated measures data using SAS procedures. J Dairy Sci. 1998; 76: 1216-1231.
  • 14. Lopez H, Caravıello DZ, Satter LD, Fricke PM, Wiltbank MC. Relationship between level of milk production and multiple ovulations in lactating dairy cows. J Dairy Sci. 2005; 88: 2783-2793.
  • 15. Lucy MC, Savıo JD, Badınga L, De La SOTA RL, Thatcher WW. Factors that affect ovarian follicular dynamics in cattle. J Anim Sci. 1992; 70: 3615-3626.
  • 16. Lucy MC, Thatcher WW, Macmillan KL. Ultrasonic identification of follicular populations and return to estrus in early postpartum dairy cattle given intravaginal progesterone for 15 days. Theriogenology. 1990; 34: 325.
  • 17. Lucy MC, Billings HJ, Butler WR, Ehnis LR, Fields MJ, Kesler DJ, Kinder JE, Mattos RC, Short RE, Thatcher WW, Wettemann RP, Yelıch JV, Hafs HD. Efficacy of an intravaginal progesterone insert and an injection of PGF2α for synchronizing estrus and shortening the interval to pregnancy in postpartum beef cows, peripubertal beef heifers and dairy heifers. J Anim Sci. 2001; 79: 982-995.
  • 18. Martinez MF, Kastelıc JP, Adams GP, Cook B, Olson WO, Mapletoft RJ. The use of progestins in regimen for fixed-time artificial insemination in beef cattle. Theriogenology. 2002; 57: 1049-1059.
  • 19. Mihm M, Baguısı A, Boland MP, Roche JF. Association between the duration of dominance of the ovulatory follicle and pregnancy rate in beef heifers. J Reprod Fertil. 1994a; 102: 123.
  • 20. Mihm M, Curran N, Hyttel P, Boland MP, Roche JF. Resumption of meiosis in cattle oocytes from preovulatory follicles with a short and a long duration of dominance. J Reprod Fertil. 1994b; 13: 36.
  • 21. Mongiardino ME, Dick AR, Murray R, Maciel M, Ramos G, Balbiani G. Applied biotechnology for improving fertility of herds in Argentina, proceeding of the final research cordination meeting of the FAO/IAEA/ARCAL, 3. regional network for improving the reproductive management of meat and milk producing livestock in Latin America with the aid of raddioimmunoassay organized by the joint FAO Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture and Held in Bogota, 19-23 September 1988, International Atomatic Energy Agency, Vienna, page: 101-117, 1990.
  • 22. Moreira F, Orlandi C, Risco CA, Mattos R, Lopes FL, Thatcher WW. Effects of presynchronization and bovine somatotropin on pregnancy rates to a timed artificial insemination protocol in lactating dairy cows. J Dairy Sci.2001; 84: 1646-1659.
  • 23. Mwaanga ES, Janowskı T. Anoestrus in dairy cows: causes, prevalance and clinical forms. Reprod Domes Anim. 2000; 35: 193-200.
  • 24. Peter AR, Lamming GE. Lactational anoestrus in farm animals. in ‘Oxford Reviews of Reproductive Biology’, Ed. MILLIGAN S.R., Vol. 12, University Press, Oxford, 1990; 245-288.
  • 25. Pursley JR, Fricke PM, Garverich HA, Kesler DJ, Ottobre JS, Stevenson JS, Wiltbank MC. Improved fertility in noncycling lactating dairy cows treated with exogenous progesterone during Ovsynch. J Dairy Sci. 2001; 83 (1): 1563.
  • 26. Rajamahendran R, Taylor C. Follicular dynamics and temporal relationships among body temperature, oestrus, the surge of luteinizing hormone and ovulation in Holstein heifers treated with norgestomet. J Reprod Fertil. 1991; 92: 461.
  • 27. Rhodes FM, Mcdougall S, Burke CR, Verkerk GA, Macmıllan KL. Treatment of cows with an extended postpartum anestrus interval. J Dairy Sci. 2003; 86: 1876-1894.
  • 28. Roche JF, Mihm M, Diskin MG, Ireland JJ. A review of regulation of follicle growth in cattle. J Anim Sci. 1988; 76: 16-29.
  • 29. Roche JF, Mackey D, Diskin MD. Reproductive management of postpartum cows. Anim Reprod Sci. 2000; 60-61: 703-712.
  • 30. Ryan M, Mihm M, Roche JF. Effect of GnRH given before or after dominance on gonadotrophin response and the fate of that follicle wave in postpartum dairy cows. J Reprod Fertil. 1998; 21: 61.
  • 31. Ryan DP, Galvin JA, O’Farrell KJ. Comparision of estrus synchronization regimens for lactating dairy cows. Anim Reprod Sci. 1999; 56: 153-168.
  • 32. Sanchez T, Wehrman ME, Kojıma FN, Cupp AS, Bergfeld EG, Peters KE, Marıscal V, Kittok RJ, Kinder JE. Dosage synthetic progestin, norgestomet influences luteinizing hormone pulse frequency and endogenous secretion of 17β-oesradiol in heifers. Biol Reprod. 1995; 52: 464.
  • 33. Sartori R, Fricke PM, Ferreira JCP, Ginther OJ, Wiltbank MC. Follicular deviation and acquisition of ovulatory capacity in bovine follicles. Biol Reprod. 2001; 65: 951-957.
  • 34. Savio JD, Thatcher WW, Badinga L, De La Sota RL, Wolfenson D. Regulation of dominant follicle turnover during the oestrus cycle in cows. J Reprod Fertil. 1993; 97: 197-203.
  • 35. Sirois J, Fortune JE. Lengthening the bovine estrous cycle with low levels of exogenous progesterone: a model for studying ovarian follicular dominance. Endocrinology. 1990; 127: 916-925.
  • 36. Stevenson JS, Tompson KE, Forbes WL, Lamb GC, Grieger DM, Corah LR. Synchronizing estrus and (or) ovulation in beef cows after combinations of GnRH, norgestomet and prostaglandin F2α with or without timed insemination. J Anim Sci. 2000; 78: 1747-1758.
  • 37. Stock AE, Fortune JE. Ovarian follicular dominance in cattle: Relationship between prolonged growth of the ovulatory follicle and endocrine parameters. Endocrinology. 1993; 132: 1108-1114.
  • 38. Taylor C, Rajamahendran, Walton JS. Ovarian follicular dynamics and plasma luteinizing hormone concentrations in norgestomet-treated heifers. Anim Reprod Sci. 1993; 32: 173.
  • 39. Xu ZZ, Garverıck HA, Smith GW, Smith MF, Hamilton SA, Youngquist RS. Expression of follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone receptor messenger ribonucleic acids in bovine follicles during the first follicular wave. Biol Reprod. 1995; 53: 951-957.
  • 40. Xu ZZ, Burton LJ, McDougall S, Jolly PD. Treatment of noncyclic lactating dairy cows with progesterone and estradiol or with progesterone, GnRH, prostaglandin F2α and estradiol. J Dairy Sci. 2000a; 83: 464-470.
  • 41. Xu ZZ, Verkerk GA, Mee JF, Morgan SR, Clark BA, Burke CR, Burton LJ. Progesterone and follicolar changes in postpartum noncyclic dairy cows after treatment with progesterone and estradiol or with progesterone, GnRH, PGF2α, and estradiol. Theriogenology. 2000b; 54: 273-282.
  • 42. Yavas Y, Walton JS. Postpartum acyclicity in suckled beef cows. Theriogenology. 2000; 54: 25-55.
  • 43. Zulu VC, Nakao T, Yamada K, Morıyoshı M, Nakada K, Sawamukaı Y. Clinical response of ovarian cysts in dairy cows after PRID treatment. J Vet Med Sci. 2003; 65(1): 57-62.
Toplam 43 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Veteriner Cerrahi
Bölüm ARAŞTIRMA MAKALESİ
Yazarlar

Hasan Basri Tek

Yavuz Nak

Ahmet Gümen Bu kişi benim

Kamil Seyrek-intaş Bu kişi benim

Abdülkadir Keskin Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 15 Aralık 2018
Kabul Tarihi 13 Eylül 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Tek, H. B., Nak, Y., Gümen, A., Seyrek-intaş, K., vd. (2018). Postpartum Nonsiklik Sütçü İneklerde Progesteron-Östradiol, Progesteron-GnRH-Prostaglandin F2α veya Östradiol ile Tedaviden Sonra Folliküler Değişiklikler ve Reprodüktif Performans. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal, 11(4), 419-429. https://doi.org/10.30607/kvj.445404
AMA Tek HB, Nak Y, Gümen A, Seyrek-intaş K, Keskin A. Postpartum Nonsiklik Sütçü İneklerde Progesteron-Östradiol, Progesteron-GnRH-Prostaglandin F2α veya Östradiol ile Tedaviden Sonra Folliküler Değişiklikler ve Reprodüktif Performans. kvj. Aralık 2018;11(4):419-429. doi:10.30607/kvj.445404
Chicago Tek, Hasan Basri, Yavuz Nak, Ahmet Gümen, Kamil Seyrek-intaş, ve Abdülkadir Keskin. “Postpartum Nonsiklik Sütçü İneklerde Progesteron-Östradiol, Progesteron-GnRH-Prostaglandin F2α Veya Östradiol Ile Tedaviden Sonra Folliküler Değişiklikler Ve Reprodüktif Performans”. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal 11, sy. 4 (Aralık 2018): 419-29. https://doi.org/10.30607/kvj.445404.
EndNote Tek HB, Nak Y, Gümen A, Seyrek-intaş K, Keskin A (01 Aralık 2018) Postpartum Nonsiklik Sütçü İneklerde Progesteron-Östradiol, Progesteron-GnRH-Prostaglandin F2α veya Östradiol ile Tedaviden Sonra Folliküler Değişiklikler ve Reprodüktif Performans. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal 11 4 419–429.
IEEE H. B. Tek, Y. Nak, A. Gümen, K. Seyrek-intaş, ve A. Keskin, “Postpartum Nonsiklik Sütçü İneklerde Progesteron-Östradiol, Progesteron-GnRH-Prostaglandin F2α veya Östradiol ile Tedaviden Sonra Folliküler Değişiklikler ve Reprodüktif Performans”, kvj, c. 11, sy. 4, ss. 419–429, 2018, doi: 10.30607/kvj.445404.
ISNAD Tek, Hasan Basri vd. “Postpartum Nonsiklik Sütçü İneklerde Progesteron-Östradiol, Progesteron-GnRH-Prostaglandin F2α Veya Östradiol Ile Tedaviden Sonra Folliküler Değişiklikler Ve Reprodüktif Performans”. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal 11/4 (Aralık 2018), 419-429. https://doi.org/10.30607/kvj.445404.
JAMA Tek HB, Nak Y, Gümen A, Seyrek-intaş K, Keskin A. Postpartum Nonsiklik Sütçü İneklerde Progesteron-Östradiol, Progesteron-GnRH-Prostaglandin F2α veya Östradiol ile Tedaviden Sonra Folliküler Değişiklikler ve Reprodüktif Performans. kvj. 2018;11:419–429.
MLA Tek, Hasan Basri vd. “Postpartum Nonsiklik Sütçü İneklerde Progesteron-Östradiol, Progesteron-GnRH-Prostaglandin F2α Veya Östradiol Ile Tedaviden Sonra Folliküler Değişiklikler Ve Reprodüktif Performans”. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal, c. 11, sy. 4, 2018, ss. 419-2, doi:10.30607/kvj.445404.
Vancouver Tek HB, Nak Y, Gümen A, Seyrek-intaş K, Keskin A. Postpartum Nonsiklik Sütçü İneklerde Progesteron-Östradiol, Progesteron-GnRH-Prostaglandin F2α veya Östradiol ile Tedaviden Sonra Folliküler Değişiklikler ve Reprodüktif Performans. kvj. 2018;11(4):419-2.
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