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Investigation of serum leptin, ghrelin, irisin, insulin levels and their correlations in cattle with subclinical ketosis

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 3, 223 - 228, 31.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.24880/maeuvfd.1202455

Öz

In this study, it was aimed to investigate the correlations with leptin, ghrelin, irisin and insulin levels in the blood serum of cattle with subclinical ketosis. For this purpose, 10 healthy and 10 Holstein cattle with subclinical ketosis obtained from farms in Burdur region were used. A diagnosis of subclinical ketosis was made according to the Rothera test performed in milk, by performing a general clinical examination of the animals. Blood samples were taken from vena jugularis into tubes without anticoagulant. Serum leptin, ghrelin, irisin and insulin levels were measured in the obtained sera using commercial ELISA kits. In cows with subclinical ketosis, serum ghrelin, leptin, irisin and insulin values were increased compared to the control group (p<0.05). In the correlation findings, a highly and quite significant positive correlation was found between serum ghrelin and serum irisin values (r= 0.802; p<0.001). A moderately and quite significant positive correlation was found between plasma ghrelin value and plasma insulin value (r=0.673; p=0.001). A moderately and significant positive correlation was determined between plasma ghrelin value and plasma leptin value, between plasma irisin value and plasma leptin value, and between plasma irisin value and plasma insulin value (r=0.623; p=0.003; r=0.474; p= 0.035; r=0.558; p=0.011). In conclusion, in this study, correlations were observed between serum levels of leptin, irisin, ghrelin and insulin hormones in animals with subclinical ketosis. However, it is thought that leptin, ghrelin, insulin and irisin hormones, which are associated with lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, can be used as important biomarkers in the diagnosis of subclinical ketosis and in the follow-up of its prognosis.

Destekleyen Kurum

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Proje Numarası

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Teşekkür

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Kaynakça

  • 1. Boström, P., Wu, J., Jedrychowski, M. P., Korde, A., Ye, L., Lo, J. C., Rasbach, K. A., Boström, E. A., Choi, J. H., Long, J. Z., Kajimura, S., Zingaretti, M. C., Vind, B. F., Tu, H., Cinti, S., Højlund, K., Gygi, S. P., & Spiegelman, B. M. (2012). A PGC1-α-dependent myokine that drives brown-fat-like development of white fat and thermogenesis. Nature, 481(7382), 463–468. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10777
  • 2. Crujeiras, A. B., Zulet, M. A., Lopez-Legarrea, P., de la Iglesia, R., Pardo, M., Carreira, M. C., Martínez, J. A., & Casanueva, F. F. (2014). Association between circulating irisin levels and the promotion of insulin resistance during the weight maintenance period after a dietary weight-lowering program in obese patients. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 63(4), 520–531. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2013.12.007
  • 3. Dänicke, S., Meyer, U., Kersten, S., & Frahm, J. (2018). Animal models to study the impact of nutrition on the immune system of the transition cow. Research in veterinary science, 116, 15–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2018.01.023
  • 4. Das, U. N. (2011). Relationship between gut and sepsis: role of ghrelin. World Journal of Diabetes, 2(1), 1:1-7. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v2.i1.1
  • 5. De Meneck, F., de Souza, L. V., Oliveira, V., & do Franco, M. C. (2018). High irisin levels in overweight/obese children and its positive correlation with metabolic profile, blood pressure, and endothelial progenitor cells. Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, 28(7), 756-764. doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2018.04.009
  • 6. Detilleux, J. C., Gröhn, Y. T., & Quaas, R. L. (1994). Effects of clinical ketosis on test day milk yields in Finnish Ayrshire cattle. Journal of dairy science, 77(11), 3316–3323. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(94)77272-6
  • 7. Dohoo, I. R., Martin, S. W., Meek, A. H., & Sandals, W. C. D. (1983). Disease, production and culling in Holstein-Friesian cows I. The data. Preventive veterinary medicine, 1(4), 321-334.
  • 8. Drackley, J.K. (1999). Biology of dairy cows during the transition period: the final frontier?. Journal of Dairy Science, 82, 2259- 2273. doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(99)75474-3
  • 9. Duffield, T. F., LeBlanc, S., Bagg, R., Leslie, K., Ten Hag, J., & Dick, P. (2003). Effect of a monensin controlled release capsule on metabolic parameters in transition dairy cows. Journal of dairy science, 86(4), 1171–1176. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(03)73700-X
  • 10. Duffield T. (2000). Subclinical ketosis in lactating dairy cattle. The Veterinary clinics of North America. Food animal practice, 16(2), 231–v. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0749-0720(15)30103-1
  • 11. El-Deeb, W.M. & El-Bahr, S.M. (2017). Biomarkers of ketosis in dairy cows at postparturient period: acute phase proteins and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Veterinarski arhiv, 87 (4), 431-440. https://doi.org/10.24099/vet.arhiv.160126c
  • 12. Greenspan, F.S., & Gardner, D.G. (2004). Basic and Clinical Endocrinology. (7rd Ed), New York, Mc Graw Hill.
  • 13. Grummer, R. R. (1995). Impact of changes in organic nutrient metabolism on feeding the transition dairy cow. Journal of animal science, 73(9), 2820–2833. https://doi.org/10.2527/1995.7392820x
  • 14. Guliński, P. (2021). Ketone bodies - causes and effects of their increased presence in cows’ body fluids: A review. Veterinary world, 14(6), 1492–1503. https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2021.1492-1503
  • 15. Gül, Y. (2012). Geviş Getiren Hayvanların İç Hastalıkları. 3. Baskı, Malatya: Medipres Matbaacılık.
  • 16. He, B. X., Du, X. H., Du, Y. L., He, Q. Q., & Mohsin, M. A. (2018). Association of Prepartum Hypoleptinemia and Postpartum Subclinical Ketosis in Holstein Dairy Cows. Pakistan veterinary journal, 38(4): 404-408. http://dx.doi.org/10.29261/pakvetj/2018.087
  • 17. Herdt, T. H. (2000). Ruminant adaptation to negative energy balance. Influences on the etiology of ketosis and fatty liver. The Veterinary clinics of North America. Food animal practice, 16(2), 215–v. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0749-0720(15)30102-x
  • 18. Huh, J. Y., Panagiotou, G., Mougios, V., Brinkoetter, M., Vamvini, M. T., Schneider, B. E., & Mantzoros, C. S. (2012). FNDC5 and irisin in humans: I. Predictors of circulating concentrations in serum and plasma and II. mRNA expression and circulating concentrations in response to weight loss and exercise. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 61(12), 1725–1738. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2012.09.002
  • 19. Kadokawa, H., & Martin, B. G. (2006). A new perspective on Management of reproduction in dairy cows: the need for detailed metabolic information, an improved selection index and extended lactation. Journal of Reproduction and Development, 52, 1, 161-168. https://doi.org/10.1262/jrd.17088
  • 20. Kosmalski, M., Drzewoski, J., Szymczak-Pajor, I., Zieleniak, A., Mikołajczyk-Solińska, M., Kasznicki, J., & Śliwińska, A. (2022). Irisin Is Related to Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). Biomedicines, 10(9), 2253. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10092253
  • 21. Li, B., Yao, Q., Guo, S., Ma, S., Dong, Y., Xin, H., Wang, H., Liu, L., Chang, W., & Zhang, Y. (2019). Type 2 diabetes with hypertensive patients results in changes to features of adipocytokines: Leptin, Irisin, LGR4, and Sfrp5. Clinical and Experimental Hypertension, 41(7), 645-650. https://doi.org/10.1080/10641963.2018.1529779
  • 22. Ma, J., & Chen, K. (2021). The role of Irisin in multiorgan protection. Molecular biology reports, 48(1), 763–772. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-020-06067-1
  • 23. Melendez, P., Krueger, T., White, J., Badinga, L., Verstegen, J., Donovan, G. A., & Archbald, L. F. (2006). Effect of ghrelin in dry matter intake and energy metabolism in prepartum sheep: A preliminary study. Theriogenology, 66(8), 1961-1968. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2006.05.015
  • 24. Mohamed Youssef, A., El-Ashker, M., & Younis, M. (2017). The effect of subclinical ketosis on indices of insulin sensitivity and selected metabolic variables in transition dairy cattle. Comparative Clinical Pathology, 26(2), 329-334. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00580-016-2377-z
  • 25. Momenzadeh, S., Jami, M. S., Jalalvand, A., Esfarjani, F., Shahabi, S., & Zamani, S. (2022). Irisin, A Mediator of Muscle Crosstalk with Other Organs: From Metabolism Regulation to Protective and Regenerative Effects. Current protein & peptide science, 23(2), 89–104. https://doi.org/10.2174/1389203723666220217141918
  • 26. Nowroozi-Asl, A., Aarabi, N., & Rowshan-Ghasrodashti, A. (2016). Ghrelin and its correlation with leptin, energy related metabolites and thyroidal hormones in dairy cows in transitional period. Polish journal of veterinary sciences, 19(1), 197–204. https://doi.org/10.1515/pjvs-2016-0024
  • 27. Park, K. H., Zaichenko, L., Brinkoetter, M., Thakkar, B., Sahin-Efe, A., Joung, K. E., Tsoukas, M. A., Geladari, E. V., Huh, J. Y., Dincer, F., Davis, C. R., Crowell, J. A., & Mantzoros, C. S. (2013). Circulating irisin in relation to insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 98(12), 4899–4907. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2013-2373
  • 28. Perakakis, N., Triantafyllou, G. A., Fernández-Real, J. M., Huh, J. Y., Park, K. H., Seufert, J., & Mantzoros, C. S. (2017). Physiology and role of irisin in glucose homeostasis. Nature reviews. Endocrinology, 13(6), 324–337. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrendo.2016.221
  • 29. Polyzos, S. A., Anastasilakis, A. D., Efstathiadou, Z. A., Makras, P., Perakakis, N., Kountouras, J., & Mantzoros, C. S. (2018). Irisin in metabolic diseases. Endocrine, 59(2), 260–274. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-017-1476-1
  • 30. Roh, S. G., Suzuki, Y., Gotoh, T., Tatsumi, R., & Katoh, K. (2016). Physiological Roles of Adipokines, Hepatokines, and Myokines in Ruminants. Asian-Australasian journal of animal sciences, 29(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.16.0001R
  • 31. Sahin-Efe, A., Upadhyay, J., Ko, B. J., Dincer, F., Park, K. H., Migdal, A., Vokonas, P., & Mantzoros, C. (2018). Irisin and leptin concentrations in relation to obesity, and developing type 2 diabetes: A cross sectional and a prospective case-control study nested in the Normative Aging Study. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 79, 24–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2017.10.011
  • 32. Senoh, T., Oikawa, S., Nakada, K., Tagami, T., & Iwasaki, T. (2019). Increased serum malondialdehyde concentration in cows with subclinical ketosis. The Journal of veterinary medical science, 81(6), 817–820. https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms.18-0777
  • 33. Stengel, A., Hofmann, T., Goebel-Stengel, M., Elbelt, U., Kobelt, P., & Klapp, B. F. (2013). Circulating levels of irisin in patients with anorexia nervosa and different stages of obesity--correlation with body mass index. Peptides, 39, 125–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.peptides.2012.11.014
  • 34. ThidarMyint, H., Yoshida, H., Ito, T., & Kuwayama, H. (2006). Dose-dependent response of plasma ghrelin and growth hormone concentrations to bovine ghrelin in Holstein heifers. The Journal of endocrinology, 189(3), 655–664. https://doi.org/10.1677/joe.1.06746
  • 35. Vargová, M., Petrovič, V., Konvičná, J., Kadaši, M., Zaleha, P., & Kováč, G. (2015). Hormonal profile and body condition scoring in dairy cows during pre partum and post partum periods. Acta Veterinaria Brno, 84(2), 141-151. https://doi.org/10.2754/avb201584020141
  • 36. Wen, M. S., Wang, C. Y., Lin, S. L., & Hung, K. C. (2013). Decrease in irisin in patients with chronic kidney disease. PloS one, 8(5), e64025. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0064025
  • 37. Yang, B., Huang, J., He, B., & Li, G. (2010). Dynamic changes in plasma leptin levels in dairy cow with subclinical ketosis. Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 23(3), 881-884.
  • 38. Youssef, M., & El-Ashker, M. (2017). Significance of insulin resistance and oxidative stress in dairy cattle with subclinical ketosis during the transition period. Tropical animal health and production, 49(2), 239–244. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-016-1211-6
Yıl 2022, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 3, 223 - 228, 31.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.24880/maeuvfd.1202455

Öz

Proje Numarası

.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Boström, P., Wu, J., Jedrychowski, M. P., Korde, A., Ye, L., Lo, J. C., Rasbach, K. A., Boström, E. A., Choi, J. H., Long, J. Z., Kajimura, S., Zingaretti, M. C., Vind, B. F., Tu, H., Cinti, S., Højlund, K., Gygi, S. P., & Spiegelman, B. M. (2012). A PGC1-α-dependent myokine that drives brown-fat-like development of white fat and thermogenesis. Nature, 481(7382), 463–468. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10777
  • 2. Crujeiras, A. B., Zulet, M. A., Lopez-Legarrea, P., de la Iglesia, R., Pardo, M., Carreira, M. C., Martínez, J. A., & Casanueva, F. F. (2014). Association between circulating irisin levels and the promotion of insulin resistance during the weight maintenance period after a dietary weight-lowering program in obese patients. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 63(4), 520–531. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2013.12.007
  • 3. Dänicke, S., Meyer, U., Kersten, S., & Frahm, J. (2018). Animal models to study the impact of nutrition on the immune system of the transition cow. Research in veterinary science, 116, 15–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2018.01.023
  • 4. Das, U. N. (2011). Relationship between gut and sepsis: role of ghrelin. World Journal of Diabetes, 2(1), 1:1-7. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v2.i1.1
  • 5. De Meneck, F., de Souza, L. V., Oliveira, V., & do Franco, M. C. (2018). High irisin levels in overweight/obese children and its positive correlation with metabolic profile, blood pressure, and endothelial progenitor cells. Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, 28(7), 756-764. doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2018.04.009
  • 6. Detilleux, J. C., Gröhn, Y. T., & Quaas, R. L. (1994). Effects of clinical ketosis on test day milk yields in Finnish Ayrshire cattle. Journal of dairy science, 77(11), 3316–3323. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(94)77272-6
  • 7. Dohoo, I. R., Martin, S. W., Meek, A. H., & Sandals, W. C. D. (1983). Disease, production and culling in Holstein-Friesian cows I. The data. Preventive veterinary medicine, 1(4), 321-334.
  • 8. Drackley, J.K. (1999). Biology of dairy cows during the transition period: the final frontier?. Journal of Dairy Science, 82, 2259- 2273. doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(99)75474-3
  • 9. Duffield, T. F., LeBlanc, S., Bagg, R., Leslie, K., Ten Hag, J., & Dick, P. (2003). Effect of a monensin controlled release capsule on metabolic parameters in transition dairy cows. Journal of dairy science, 86(4), 1171–1176. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(03)73700-X
  • 10. Duffield T. (2000). Subclinical ketosis in lactating dairy cattle. The Veterinary clinics of North America. Food animal practice, 16(2), 231–v. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0749-0720(15)30103-1
  • 11. El-Deeb, W.M. & El-Bahr, S.M. (2017). Biomarkers of ketosis in dairy cows at postparturient period: acute phase proteins and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Veterinarski arhiv, 87 (4), 431-440. https://doi.org/10.24099/vet.arhiv.160126c
  • 12. Greenspan, F.S., & Gardner, D.G. (2004). Basic and Clinical Endocrinology. (7rd Ed), New York, Mc Graw Hill.
  • 13. Grummer, R. R. (1995). Impact of changes in organic nutrient metabolism on feeding the transition dairy cow. Journal of animal science, 73(9), 2820–2833. https://doi.org/10.2527/1995.7392820x
  • 14. Guliński, P. (2021). Ketone bodies - causes and effects of their increased presence in cows’ body fluids: A review. Veterinary world, 14(6), 1492–1503. https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2021.1492-1503
  • 15. Gül, Y. (2012). Geviş Getiren Hayvanların İç Hastalıkları. 3. Baskı, Malatya: Medipres Matbaacılık.
  • 16. He, B. X., Du, X. H., Du, Y. L., He, Q. Q., & Mohsin, M. A. (2018). Association of Prepartum Hypoleptinemia and Postpartum Subclinical Ketosis in Holstein Dairy Cows. Pakistan veterinary journal, 38(4): 404-408. http://dx.doi.org/10.29261/pakvetj/2018.087
  • 17. Herdt, T. H. (2000). Ruminant adaptation to negative energy balance. Influences on the etiology of ketosis and fatty liver. The Veterinary clinics of North America. Food animal practice, 16(2), 215–v. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0749-0720(15)30102-x
  • 18. Huh, J. Y., Panagiotou, G., Mougios, V., Brinkoetter, M., Vamvini, M. T., Schneider, B. E., & Mantzoros, C. S. (2012). FNDC5 and irisin in humans: I. Predictors of circulating concentrations in serum and plasma and II. mRNA expression and circulating concentrations in response to weight loss and exercise. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 61(12), 1725–1738. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2012.09.002
  • 19. Kadokawa, H., & Martin, B. G. (2006). A new perspective on Management of reproduction in dairy cows: the need for detailed metabolic information, an improved selection index and extended lactation. Journal of Reproduction and Development, 52, 1, 161-168. https://doi.org/10.1262/jrd.17088
  • 20. Kosmalski, M., Drzewoski, J., Szymczak-Pajor, I., Zieleniak, A., Mikołajczyk-Solińska, M., Kasznicki, J., & Śliwińska, A. (2022). Irisin Is Related to Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). Biomedicines, 10(9), 2253. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10092253
  • 21. Li, B., Yao, Q., Guo, S., Ma, S., Dong, Y., Xin, H., Wang, H., Liu, L., Chang, W., & Zhang, Y. (2019). Type 2 diabetes with hypertensive patients results in changes to features of adipocytokines: Leptin, Irisin, LGR4, and Sfrp5. Clinical and Experimental Hypertension, 41(7), 645-650. https://doi.org/10.1080/10641963.2018.1529779
  • 22. Ma, J., & Chen, K. (2021). The role of Irisin in multiorgan protection. Molecular biology reports, 48(1), 763–772. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-020-06067-1
  • 23. Melendez, P., Krueger, T., White, J., Badinga, L., Verstegen, J., Donovan, G. A., & Archbald, L. F. (2006). Effect of ghrelin in dry matter intake and energy metabolism in prepartum sheep: A preliminary study. Theriogenology, 66(8), 1961-1968. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2006.05.015
  • 24. Mohamed Youssef, A., El-Ashker, M., & Younis, M. (2017). The effect of subclinical ketosis on indices of insulin sensitivity and selected metabolic variables in transition dairy cattle. Comparative Clinical Pathology, 26(2), 329-334. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00580-016-2377-z
  • 25. Momenzadeh, S., Jami, M. S., Jalalvand, A., Esfarjani, F., Shahabi, S., & Zamani, S. (2022). Irisin, A Mediator of Muscle Crosstalk with Other Organs: From Metabolism Regulation to Protective and Regenerative Effects. Current protein & peptide science, 23(2), 89–104. https://doi.org/10.2174/1389203723666220217141918
  • 26. Nowroozi-Asl, A., Aarabi, N., & Rowshan-Ghasrodashti, A. (2016). Ghrelin and its correlation with leptin, energy related metabolites and thyroidal hormones in dairy cows in transitional period. Polish journal of veterinary sciences, 19(1), 197–204. https://doi.org/10.1515/pjvs-2016-0024
  • 27. Park, K. H., Zaichenko, L., Brinkoetter, M., Thakkar, B., Sahin-Efe, A., Joung, K. E., Tsoukas, M. A., Geladari, E. V., Huh, J. Y., Dincer, F., Davis, C. R., Crowell, J. A., & Mantzoros, C. S. (2013). Circulating irisin in relation to insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 98(12), 4899–4907. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2013-2373
  • 28. Perakakis, N., Triantafyllou, G. A., Fernández-Real, J. M., Huh, J. Y., Park, K. H., Seufert, J., & Mantzoros, C. S. (2017). Physiology and role of irisin in glucose homeostasis. Nature reviews. Endocrinology, 13(6), 324–337. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrendo.2016.221
  • 29. Polyzos, S. A., Anastasilakis, A. D., Efstathiadou, Z. A., Makras, P., Perakakis, N., Kountouras, J., & Mantzoros, C. S. (2018). Irisin in metabolic diseases. Endocrine, 59(2), 260–274. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-017-1476-1
  • 30. Roh, S. G., Suzuki, Y., Gotoh, T., Tatsumi, R., & Katoh, K. (2016). Physiological Roles of Adipokines, Hepatokines, and Myokines in Ruminants. Asian-Australasian journal of animal sciences, 29(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.16.0001R
  • 31. Sahin-Efe, A., Upadhyay, J., Ko, B. J., Dincer, F., Park, K. H., Migdal, A., Vokonas, P., & Mantzoros, C. (2018). Irisin and leptin concentrations in relation to obesity, and developing type 2 diabetes: A cross sectional and a prospective case-control study nested in the Normative Aging Study. Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 79, 24–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2017.10.011
  • 32. Senoh, T., Oikawa, S., Nakada, K., Tagami, T., & Iwasaki, T. (2019). Increased serum malondialdehyde concentration in cows with subclinical ketosis. The Journal of veterinary medical science, 81(6), 817–820. https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms.18-0777
  • 33. Stengel, A., Hofmann, T., Goebel-Stengel, M., Elbelt, U., Kobelt, P., & Klapp, B. F. (2013). Circulating levels of irisin in patients with anorexia nervosa and different stages of obesity--correlation with body mass index. Peptides, 39, 125–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.peptides.2012.11.014
  • 34. ThidarMyint, H., Yoshida, H., Ito, T., & Kuwayama, H. (2006). Dose-dependent response of plasma ghrelin and growth hormone concentrations to bovine ghrelin in Holstein heifers. The Journal of endocrinology, 189(3), 655–664. https://doi.org/10.1677/joe.1.06746
  • 35. Vargová, M., Petrovič, V., Konvičná, J., Kadaši, M., Zaleha, P., & Kováč, G. (2015). Hormonal profile and body condition scoring in dairy cows during pre partum and post partum periods. Acta Veterinaria Brno, 84(2), 141-151. https://doi.org/10.2754/avb201584020141
  • 36. Wen, M. S., Wang, C. Y., Lin, S. L., & Hung, K. C. (2013). Decrease in irisin in patients with chronic kidney disease. PloS one, 8(5), e64025. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0064025
  • 37. Yang, B., Huang, J., He, B., & Li, G. (2010). Dynamic changes in plasma leptin levels in dairy cow with subclinical ketosis. Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 23(3), 881-884.
  • 38. Youssef, M., & El-Ashker, M. (2017). Significance of insulin resistance and oxidative stress in dairy cattle with subclinical ketosis during the transition period. Tropical animal health and production, 49(2), 239–244. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-016-1211-6
Toplam 38 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Hale Ergin Eğritağ 0000-0003-4240-4698

Oğuz Merhan 0000-0002-3399-0667

Kadir Bozukluhan 0000-0003-4929-5156

Kemal Varol 0000-0002-3057-2865

Türker Atcalı 0000-0002-9420-0155

Proje Numarası .
Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 10 Kasım 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Ergin Eğritağ, H., Merhan, O., Bozukluhan, K., Varol, K., vd. (2022). Investigation of serum leptin, ghrelin, irisin, insulin levels and their correlations in cattle with subclinical ketosis. Veterinary Journal of Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, 7(3), 223-228. https://doi.org/10.24880/maeuvfd.1202455