Öz
Amaç: Bu çalışma gebelerde iklim değişikliği farkındalığını belirlemek amacı ile yapılmıştır.
Yöntem: Bu çalışmada nitel araştırma yaklaşımı benimsenmiştir. Çalışmanın yürütülmesinde fenomenolojik araştırma deseni kullanılmıştır. Araştırma, 01.09.2022-15.09.2022 tarihleri arasında Aydın Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Hastanesi gebe polikliniğine başvuran gebeler ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Nitel araştırmada gebelerin iklim değişikliği farkındalığını belirlemek üzere araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan yarı yapılandırılmış bir görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Görüşmelerde ses kaydı alınarak, toplam 12 gebe ile görüşülmüştür. Görüşmeler deşifre edilerek, MAXQDA 2022 programı ile analiz yapılmıştır. Görüşmelerin tematik analizini 6 ana tema belirlemiştir. Veriler analiz edilirken, betimsel analiz tekniğinden yararlanılmıştır. Bu çalışma, nitel araştırmaların raporlanmasında COREQ yönergelerine dayanmaktadır.
Bulgular: Gebelerin çoğunun iklim değişikliği ile ilgili haberleri ve gelişmeleri ara sıra takip ettiği görülmüştür. İklim değişikliği ile ilgili nedenlere genellikle insanlardan kaynaklı olan sebepleri belirten gebeler, iklim değişikliğine karşı önlem almada insanların eğitilmesi ve farkındalıklarının arttırılmasının gerekliliğini ifade etmiştir. Gebelerin, sağlığı birçok yönden olumsuz etkileyen iklim değişikliğinin gebelikte anne ve bebek sağlığına etkilerine yönelik bilgilerinin eksik ve yetersiz olduğu görülmüştür.
Sonuç: Gebelerin iklim değişikliği ile ilgili farkındalıklarının oluştuğu fakat yeterli olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Çalışmanın iklim değişikliği ile ilgili farkındalık oluşturulması konusunda literatüre destek sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Arslan S, Okçu, G, Coşkun AM, Temiz F. (2019). Kadınların gebeliği algılama durumu ve bunu etkileyen faktörler. Sağlık Bilimleri ve Meslekleri Dergisi, 6(1), 179-192.
- Besnili Memiş O. (2019). Kadınların iklim değişikliği ile ilgili algılarının belirlenmesi. Journal of Academic Value Studies, 5(4), 700-718.
- Cavallin F, Calgaro S, Brugnolaro V, Wingi OM, Muhelo AR, Da Dalt L, et al. (2020). Non-linear association between admission temperature and neonatal mortality in a low-resource setting. Scientific Reports, 10(1), 1-8.
- Chersich MF, Pham MD, Areal A, Haghighi MM, Manyuchi A, Swift CP, et al. (2020). Associations between high temperatures in pregnancy and risk of preterm birth, low birth weight, and stillbirths: systematic review and meta-analysis. The BMJ: Leading Medical Research, News, Education, Opinion, 371, 1-13.
- Clayton S, Karazsia BT. (2020). Development and validation of a measure of climate change anxiety. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 69, 1-11.
- Dündar T, Toptaş B, Başli M, Evci Kiraz ED. (2020). Akademisyen hemşirelerin iklim değişikliği ile ilgili görüşleri. Hemşirelik Bilimi Dergisi, 3(2), 10-15.
- Ha S. (2022). The changing climate and pregnancy health. Current Environmental Health Reports, 9, 263–275.
- Haghighi MM, Wright CY, Ayer J, Urban MF, Pham MD, Boeckmann M, et al. (2021). Impacts of high environmental temperatures on congenital anomalies: a systematic review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(9), 1-15.
- Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). (2018). Special Report: Global Warming of 1,5ºC, Erişim tarihi: 10.01.2023, www.ipcc.ch/sr15
- Lakshmanan A, Chiu YM, Coull BA, Just AC, Maxwell SL, Schwartz J, et al. (2015). Associations between prenatal traffic-related air pollution exposure and birth weight: Modification by sex and maternal pre- pregnancy body mass index. Environmental Research, 137, 268-277.
- Liao W, Yang L, Zhong S, Hess JJ, Wang Q, Bao J, et al. (2019). Preparing the next generation of health professionals to tackle climate change: Are China’s medical students ready? Environmental Research, 168, 270–277.
- Lin S, Lin Z, Ou Y, Soim A, Shrestha S, Lu Y, et al. (2018). Maternal ambient heat exposure during early pregnancy in summer and spring and congenital heart defects–A large US population-based, case-control study. Environment International, 118, 211–221.
- Olabi AG, Obaideen K, Elsaid K, Wilberforce T, Sayed ET, Maghrabie HM, et al. (2022). Assessment of the pre-combustion carbon capture contribution into sustainable development goals SDGs using novel indicators. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 153,111710.
- Onwuegbuzie AJ, Collins KM. (2007). A Typology of mixed methods sampling designs in social science research. The Qualitative Report, 12(2), 281-316.
- Pace NP, Vassallo J, Calleja-Agius J. (2021). Gestational diabetes, environmental temperature and climate factors-from epidemiological evidence to physiological mechanisms. Early Human Development, 155, 105219.
- Roos N, Kovats S, Hajat S, Filippi V, Chersich M, Luchters S, et al. (2021). Maternal and newborn health risks of climate change: A call for awareness and global action. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 100(4), 566-570.
- Rylander C, Odland JØ, Sandanger TM. (2013). Climate change and the potential effects on maternal and pregnancy outcomes: an assessment of the most vulnerable the mother, fetus, and newborn child. Global Health Action, 6(1), 1–9.
- Samuels L, Nakstad B, Roos N, Bonell A, Chersich M, Havenith, G, et al. (2022). Physiological mechanisms of the impact of heat during pregnancy and the clinical implications: review of the evidence from an expert group meeting. International Journal of Biometeorology, 66(8), 1505-1513.
- Shashar S, Kloog I, Erez O, Shtein A, Yitshak-Sade M, Sarov B. et al. (2020). Temperature and preeclampsia: epidemiological evidence that perturbation in maternal heat homeostasis affects pregnancy outcome. PLoS One, 15(5), e0232877.
- Tong A, Sainsbury P, Craig J. (2007). Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): a 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups. International Journal for Quality in Health Care, 19(6), 349-357.
- Wang J, Tong S, Williams G, Pan X. (2019). Exposure to heat wave during pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes. Epidemiology, 30, 115–121.
- World Health Organization (WHO). (2021). Global Environmental Change. Erişim tarihi: 02.01.2023, https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/climate-change-and-health
- Xiong T, Chen P, Mu Y, Li X, Di B, Li J, et al. (2020). Association between ambient temperature and hypertensive disorders in pregnancy in China. Nature Communications, 11(1), 2925.
- Yıldırım A, Şimşek H. (2018). Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri. 11. Baskı, Ankara: Seçkin yayıncılık. Zhang W, Spero TL, Nolte CG, Garcia VC, Lin Z, Romitti PA, et al. (2019). Projected changes in maternal heat exposure during early pregnancy. Journal of the American Heart Association, 8 (3), 1–12.
Öz
Objective: This study was conducted to determine the awareness of climate change in pregnant women.
Methods: In this study, a qualitative research approach was adopted. A phenomenological research design was used to conduct the study. The research was carried out with pregnant women who applied to the pregnant outpatient clinic of Aydın Adnan Menderes University Hospital between 01.09.2022 and 15.09.2022. With qualitative research, a semi-structured interview form prepared by the researchers was used to determine the climate change awareness among pregnant women. A total of 12 pregnant women were interviewed by audio recording. Interviews were analyzed using the MAXQDA 2022 program. The thematic analysis of the interviews identified 6 main themes. While analyzing the data, descriptive analysis technique was used. This study was based on COREQ guidelines for reporting qualitative research.
Results: It has been seen that most of pregnant women follow the news and developments about climate change occasionally. Pregnant women, who stated that the causes related to climate change are generally caused by humans, expressed the necessity of educating people and raising their awareness in taking precautions against climate change. It was found that the knowledge of pregnant women about the impact of climate change, which negatively affects health in many ways, on maternal and child health during pregnancy was incomplete and insufficient.
Discussion: It was determined that the awareness of pregnant women about climate change was formed but was not sufficient. It is thought that the study will support the literature in raising awareness about climate change.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Awareness Climate change Pregnant women Qualitative research
Teşekkür
We would like to thank the pregnant women who participated in our research.
Kaynakça
- Arslan S, Okçu, G, Coşkun AM, Temiz F. (2019). Kadınların gebeliği algılama durumu ve bunu etkileyen faktörler. Sağlık Bilimleri ve Meslekleri Dergisi, 6(1), 179-192.
- Besnili Memiş O. (2019). Kadınların iklim değişikliği ile ilgili algılarının belirlenmesi. Journal of Academic Value Studies, 5(4), 700-718.
- Cavallin F, Calgaro S, Brugnolaro V, Wingi OM, Muhelo AR, Da Dalt L, et al. (2020). Non-linear association between admission temperature and neonatal mortality in a low-resource setting. Scientific Reports, 10(1), 1-8.
- Chersich MF, Pham MD, Areal A, Haghighi MM, Manyuchi A, Swift CP, et al. (2020). Associations between high temperatures in pregnancy and risk of preterm birth, low birth weight, and stillbirths: systematic review and meta-analysis. The BMJ: Leading Medical Research, News, Education, Opinion, 371, 1-13.
- Clayton S, Karazsia BT. (2020). Development and validation of a measure of climate change anxiety. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 69, 1-11.
- Dündar T, Toptaş B, Başli M, Evci Kiraz ED. (2020). Akademisyen hemşirelerin iklim değişikliği ile ilgili görüşleri. Hemşirelik Bilimi Dergisi, 3(2), 10-15.
- Ha S. (2022). The changing climate and pregnancy health. Current Environmental Health Reports, 9, 263–275.
- Haghighi MM, Wright CY, Ayer J, Urban MF, Pham MD, Boeckmann M, et al. (2021). Impacts of high environmental temperatures on congenital anomalies: a systematic review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(9), 1-15.
- Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). (2018). Special Report: Global Warming of 1,5ºC, Erişim tarihi: 10.01.2023, www.ipcc.ch/sr15
- Lakshmanan A, Chiu YM, Coull BA, Just AC, Maxwell SL, Schwartz J, et al. (2015). Associations between prenatal traffic-related air pollution exposure and birth weight: Modification by sex and maternal pre- pregnancy body mass index. Environmental Research, 137, 268-277.
- Liao W, Yang L, Zhong S, Hess JJ, Wang Q, Bao J, et al. (2019). Preparing the next generation of health professionals to tackle climate change: Are China’s medical students ready? Environmental Research, 168, 270–277.
- Lin S, Lin Z, Ou Y, Soim A, Shrestha S, Lu Y, et al. (2018). Maternal ambient heat exposure during early pregnancy in summer and spring and congenital heart defects–A large US population-based, case-control study. Environment International, 118, 211–221.
- Olabi AG, Obaideen K, Elsaid K, Wilberforce T, Sayed ET, Maghrabie HM, et al. (2022). Assessment of the pre-combustion carbon capture contribution into sustainable development goals SDGs using novel indicators. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 153,111710.
- Onwuegbuzie AJ, Collins KM. (2007). A Typology of mixed methods sampling designs in social science research. The Qualitative Report, 12(2), 281-316.
- Pace NP, Vassallo J, Calleja-Agius J. (2021). Gestational diabetes, environmental temperature and climate factors-from epidemiological evidence to physiological mechanisms. Early Human Development, 155, 105219.
- Roos N, Kovats S, Hajat S, Filippi V, Chersich M, Luchters S, et al. (2021). Maternal and newborn health risks of climate change: A call for awareness and global action. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 100(4), 566-570.
- Rylander C, Odland JØ, Sandanger TM. (2013). Climate change and the potential effects on maternal and pregnancy outcomes: an assessment of the most vulnerable the mother, fetus, and newborn child. Global Health Action, 6(1), 1–9.
- Samuels L, Nakstad B, Roos N, Bonell A, Chersich M, Havenith, G, et al. (2022). Physiological mechanisms of the impact of heat during pregnancy and the clinical implications: review of the evidence from an expert group meeting. International Journal of Biometeorology, 66(8), 1505-1513.
- Shashar S, Kloog I, Erez O, Shtein A, Yitshak-Sade M, Sarov B. et al. (2020). Temperature and preeclampsia: epidemiological evidence that perturbation in maternal heat homeostasis affects pregnancy outcome. PLoS One, 15(5), e0232877.
- Tong A, Sainsbury P, Craig J. (2007). Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): a 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups. International Journal for Quality in Health Care, 19(6), 349-357.
- Wang J, Tong S, Williams G, Pan X. (2019). Exposure to heat wave during pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes. Epidemiology, 30, 115–121.
- World Health Organization (WHO). (2021). Global Environmental Change. Erişim tarihi: 02.01.2023, https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/climate-change-and-health
- Xiong T, Chen P, Mu Y, Li X, Di B, Li J, et al. (2020). Association between ambient temperature and hypertensive disorders in pregnancy in China. Nature Communications, 11(1), 2925.
- Yıldırım A, Şimşek H. (2018). Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri. 11. Baskı, Ankara: Seçkin yayıncılık. Zhang W, Spero TL, Nolte CG, Garcia VC, Lin Z, Romitti PA, et al. (2019). Projected changes in maternal heat exposure during early pregnancy. Journal of the American Heart Association, 8 (3), 1–12.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Hemşirelik |
| Bölüm | Araştırma |
| Yazarlar | |
| Erken Görünüm Tarihi | 31 Ekim 2023 |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 25 Mart 2024 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 10 Mart 2023 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2024 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1 |
