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Serum pentraxin 3 levels in cats with feline parvovirus infection

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 150 - 158, 30.08.2023

Mehmet Eroğlu Hidayet Metin Erdoğan

https://doi.org/10.31797/vetbio.1321720

Öz

Feline parvovirus (FPV) infection continues to be a serious problem in cats and therefore studies are ongoing to investigate all aspects of the disease. This study was designed to determine the levels of PTX-3 in cats with feline panleukopenia (FPL). Blood samples were taken from 12 cats of different breeds and gender with complaints of weakness, listlessness, anorexia, diarrhoea, vomiting and FPV positive on examination and from 7 cats found healthy on physical and laboratory examination. Whole blood, biochemical parameters, total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSi), serum amyloid A (SAA), C-reactive protein (CRP) and pentraxin-3 (PTX-3) concentrations were determined in both sick and healthy cats. The results showed that there was marked panleukopenia and serum PTX-3 (58.69 pg/mL), SAA (59.91 µg/mL), TOS (14.35 μmol H2O2 Eq/L) and OSi (1.17 arbitrary unit) levels were significantly higher in cats diagnosed with FPL compared to healthy subjects. In conclusion, serum PTX- levels were measured for the first time in cats naturally infected with FPV and found to be elevated. Further clinical studies with large numbers of infected cats are needed to clarify these findings and to use PTX-3 as a reliable biomarker in FPV-infected cats.

Anahtar Kelimeler

cats panleukopenia pentraxin-3 acute phase proteins oxidative stress

Kaynakça

  • Arslanoğlu, M.Ö. (2012). Yenidoğan Solunum Sistemi Hastalıklarında Pentraksin III (PTX3) Düzeyleri. Tıpta Uzmanlık Tezi, Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Eskişehir.
  • Asgari, F., Supino, D., Parente, R., Polentarutti, N., Stravalaci, M., Porte, R., Pasqualini, F., Barbagallo, M., Perucchini, C., Recordati, C., Magrini, E., Mariancini, A., Riva, F., Giordano, A., Davoudian, S., Roger, T., Veer, C., Jaillon, S., Mantovani, A., Doni, A., & Garlanda, C. (2021) The long pentraxin PTX3 cControls Klebsiella pneumoniae severe infection. Frontier in Immunology,. 12, 666198. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.666198
  • Awad, R.A., Khalil, W.K., & Attallah, A.G. (2018). Feline panleukopenia viral infection in cats: Application of some molecular methods used for its diagnosis. Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 16(2), 491-497. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgeb.2018.08.001
  • Aydoğdu, U., Coşkun, A., Başbuğ, O., & Ağaoğlu, Z.T. (2018). Parvoviral enteritisli köpeklerde total oksidan-antioksidan durum ile oksidatif stres indeksinin değerlendirilmesi. Fırat Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Veteriner Dergisi, 32(3), 161-164.
  • Aygün, O., & Yıldız, R. (2018). Evaluation of thrombomodulin and pentraxin-3 as diagnostic biomarkers in calves with sepsis. Veterinární Medicína, 63(7), 313-320. https://doi.org/10.17221/159/2017-VETMED
  • Balhara, J., Koussih, L., Zhang, J., & Gounni, A.S. (2013). Pentraxin 3: An immuno-regulator in the lungs. Frontiers in Immunology, 4, 127. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2013.00127
  • Bastrup-Birk, S., Skjoedt, M.O., Munthe-Fog, L., Strom, J.J., Ma, Y.J. (2013) Pentraxin-3 serum levels are associated with disease severity and mortality in patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome. PLoS ONE, 8(9), e73119. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0073119
  • Börkü, K. (2016). Kedi ve Köpek Enfeksiyöz Hastalıkları, Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi, Ankara. Ceron, J.J., Eckersall, P.D., & Martínez‐Subiela, S. (2005). Acute phase proteins in dogs and cats: current knowledge and future perspectives. Veterinary Clinical Pathology, 34(2), 85-99. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-165X.2005.tb00019.x
  • Chowdhury, Q.M., Alam, S., Chowdhury, M., Rahman, S., Hasan, M., Uddin, M.B., & Rahman, M. (2021). First molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of the VP2 gene of feline panleukopenia virus in Bangladesh. Archives of Virology, 166(8), 2273-2278. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-021-05113-y
  • Deban, L., Russo, R.C., Sironi, M., Moalli, F., Scanziani, M., & Zambelli, V. (2010). Regulation of leukocyte recruitment by the long pentraxin PTX3. Nature Immunology. 11, 328–334. https://doi.org/10.1038/ni.1854
  • Dinçer, E., & Timurkan, M.Ö. (2018). Mersin ilinde feline panleukopenia virüs (FPLV) enfeksiyonunun tespiti ve filogenetik analizi. Fırat Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Veteriner Dergisi, 28(32-3), 213-217.
  • Erel, O. (2005). A new automated colorimetric method for measuring total oxidant status. Clinical Biochemistry. 38, 1103–1111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2005.08.008
  • Foo, S.S., Reading, P.C., Jaillon, S., Mantovani, A., & Mahalingam, S. (2015). Pentraxins and collectins: friend or foe during pathogen invasion?. Trends in Microbiology, 23(12), 799-811. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tim.2015.09.006
  • Garlanda, C., Bottazzi, B., Bastone, A., & Mantovani, A. (2005). Pentraxins at the crossroads between innate immunity, inflammation, matrix deposition, and female fertility. Annual Review of Immunology, 23(1), 337-366. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.immunol.23.021704.115756
  • Gökçe, E., Cihan, P., Atakişi, O., Kirmizigül, A.H., & Erdoğan, H.M. (2022). Oxidative stress in neonatal lambs and its relation to health status and passive colostral immunity. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 251, 110470. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetimm.2022.110470
  • Gökçe, H.İ., & Bozukluhan, K. (2009). Çiftlik hayvanlarında önemli akut faz proteinleri ve bunların veteriner hekimlik alanındaki kullanımı. Dicle Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 1, 1-14.
  • Gülersoy, E.E., Burcu, B., Ok, M., & Sevinç, M. (2023). Evaluation of qSOFA and variation of hematochemical profile in cats naturally infected with feline panleukopenia virus. Open Veterinary Science, 4(1), 20220118. https://doi.org/10.1515/ovs-2022-0118
  • Greene, C.E., & Craig E., (2012). Feline Enteric Viral Infections. Greene, C. E. (Ed.). Infectious Diseases of the Dog and Cat. Elsevier, USA.
  • Günaştı, N., Balcı, Ş., & Tamer, L. (2017). Pentraksinler. Mersin Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 10(1), 65-71. Hamed, S., Behnes, M., Pauly, D., Lepiorz, D., Barre, M., Becher, T. & Hoffmann, U. (2017). Diagnostic value of Pentraxin-3 in patients with sepsis and septic shock in accordance with latest sepsis-3 definitions. BMC Infectious Diseases, 17(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-017-2606-3
  • Inoue, K., Kodama, T., & Daida, H. (2012). Pentraxin 3: A novel biomarker for inflammatory cardiovascular disease. International Journal of Vascular Medicine, 2012, 657025. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/657025
  • Khoshvaghti, A., & Nojaba, E. (2022). The role of oxidative biomarkers in feline pan-leukopenia. Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society, 73(2), 4173-4180. https://doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.26868
  • Koç, M. (2021). Akut Faz Reaktanlarının (CRP, PCT, PTX3) Yenidoğan Sepsisinin Erken Teşhisindeki Rollerinin Değerlendirilmesi, Tıpta Uzmanlık Tezi, Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi, Van
  • Kunes, P., Holubcova, Z., Kolackova, M., & Krejsek, J. (2012). Pentraxin 3 (PTX 3): An endogenous modulator of the inflammatory response. Mediators of Inflammation, 2012, 920517. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/920517
  • Liu, S., Qu, X., Liu, F., Wang, C. (2014). Pentraxin 3 as a prognostic biomarker in patients with systemic inflammation or infection. Mediators of Inflammation. 2014, 421429. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/421429
  • McMichael, M.A. (2007). Oxidative stress, antioxidants, and assessment of oxidative stress in dogs and cats. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 231(5), 714-720. https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.231.5.714
  • Norata, G.D., Garlanda, C., & Catapano, A.L. (2010). The long pentraxin PTX3: A modulator of the immunoinflammatory response in atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. Trends in Cardiovasculer Medicine, 20, 35-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tcm.2010.03.005
  • Öztelcan, B. (2010). Preterm Yenidoğanlarda Umbilikal Kord Kanında İnflamasyon Parametrelerinin ve Pentraksin III’ün (PTX3) Değerlendirilmesi. Tıpta Uzmanlık Tezi, Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Sağlık Bilimler Enstitüsü, Eskişehir.
  • Paltrinieri, S. (2007). Early biomarkers of inflammation in dogs and cats: The acute phase proteins. Veterinary Research Communications, 31, 125-129. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-007-0107-3
  • Parrish, C.R. (1995). 3 Pathogenesis of feline panleukopenia virus and canine parvovirus. Bailliere's Clinical Haematology, 8(1), 57-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0950-3536(05)80232-X
  • Perez, L. (2019). Acute phase protein response to viral infection and vaccination. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 671, 196-202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abb.2019.07.013
  • Petini, M., Drigo, M., & Zoia, A. (2020). Prognostic value of systemic inflammatory response syndrome and serum concentrations of acute phase proteins, cholesterol, and total thyroxine in cats with panleukopenia. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 34(2), 719-724. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15704
  • Porporato, F., Horzinek, M.C., Hofmann-Lehmann, R., Ferri, F., Gerardi, G., Contiero, B., Vezzosi, T., Rocchi, P., Auriemma, E., Lutz H, & Zini, E. (2018). Survival estimates and outcome predictors for shelter cats with feline panleukopenia virus infection. Journal of American Veterinary Medical Association. 253(2), 188-195. https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.253.2.188
  • Ramery, E., Fievez, L., Fraipont, A., Bureau, F., & Lekeux, P. (2010). Characterization of pentraxin 3 in the horse and its expression in airways. Veterinary Research, 41(2), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1051/vetres/2009066
  • Reading, P.C., Bozza, S., Gilbertson, B., Tate, M., Moretti, S., Job, E.R., Crouch, E.C., Brooks, A.G., Brown, L.E., Bottazzi, B., Romani, L., & Mantovani, A. (2008). Antiviral activity of the long chain pentraxin PTX3 against influenza viruses. Journal of Immunology, 180(5), 3391-3398. https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.180.5.3391
  • Ristagno, G., Fumagalli, F., Bottazzi, B., Mantovani, A., Olivari, D., Novelli, D., & Latini, R. (2019). Pentraxin 3 in cardiovascular disease. Frontiers in Immunology, 10, 823. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.00823
  • Schmidt, E. & Eckersall, P. (2015). Acute phase proteins as markers of infectious diseases in small animals. Acta Veterinaria- Beograd, 65(2) 149-161. https://doi.org/10.1515/acve-2015-0013
  • Townsend, M., & Singh, B. (2021). Pentraxin 3 expression in lungs and neutrophils of calves. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 236, 110251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetimm.2021.110251
  • Truyen, U.W.E., Evermann, J.F., Vieler, E., & Parrish, C.R. (1996). Evolution of canine parvovirus involved loss and gain of feline host range. Virology, 215(2), 186-189. https://doi.org/10.1006/viro.1996.0021
  • Truyen, U., Addie, D., Belák, S., Boucraut-Baralon, C., Egberink, H., Frymus, T., & Horzinek, M. C. (2009). Feline panleukopenia. ABCD guidelines on prevention and management. Journal of Feline Medicine & Surgery, 11(7), 538-546. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfms.2009.05.002
  • Wang, Z., Wang, X., Zou, H., Dai, Z., Feng, S., Zhang, M., & Cheng, Q. (2020). The basic characteristics of the pentraxin family and their functions in tumor progression. Frontiers in Immunology, 11, 1757. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.01757
  • Zlibut A., Bocsanb I.C., & Agoston-Coldea L. (2019). Pentraxin-3 and endothelial dysfunction. Advances in Clinical Chemistry, 91, 163-179. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.acc.2019.03.005

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 150 - 158, 30.08.2023

Mehmet Eroğlu Hidayet Metin Erdoğan

https://doi.org/10.31797/vetbio.1321720

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Arslanoğlu, M.Ö. (2012). Yenidoğan Solunum Sistemi Hastalıklarında Pentraksin III (PTX3) Düzeyleri. Tıpta Uzmanlık Tezi, Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Eskişehir.
  • Asgari, F., Supino, D., Parente, R., Polentarutti, N., Stravalaci, M., Porte, R., Pasqualini, F., Barbagallo, M., Perucchini, C., Recordati, C., Magrini, E., Mariancini, A., Riva, F., Giordano, A., Davoudian, S., Roger, T., Veer, C., Jaillon, S., Mantovani, A., Doni, A., & Garlanda, C. (2021) The long pentraxin PTX3 cControls Klebsiella pneumoniae severe infection. Frontier in Immunology,. 12, 666198. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2021.666198
  • Awad, R.A., Khalil, W.K., & Attallah, A.G. (2018). Feline panleukopenia viral infection in cats: Application of some molecular methods used for its diagnosis. Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 16(2), 491-497. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jgeb.2018.08.001
  • Aydoğdu, U., Coşkun, A., Başbuğ, O., & Ağaoğlu, Z.T. (2018). Parvoviral enteritisli köpeklerde total oksidan-antioksidan durum ile oksidatif stres indeksinin değerlendirilmesi. Fırat Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Veteriner Dergisi, 32(3), 161-164.
  • Aygün, O., & Yıldız, R. (2018). Evaluation of thrombomodulin and pentraxin-3 as diagnostic biomarkers in calves with sepsis. Veterinární Medicína, 63(7), 313-320. https://doi.org/10.17221/159/2017-VETMED
  • Balhara, J., Koussih, L., Zhang, J., & Gounni, A.S. (2013). Pentraxin 3: An immuno-regulator in the lungs. Frontiers in Immunology, 4, 127. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2013.00127
  • Bastrup-Birk, S., Skjoedt, M.O., Munthe-Fog, L., Strom, J.J., Ma, Y.J. (2013) Pentraxin-3 serum levels are associated with disease severity and mortality in patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome. PLoS ONE, 8(9), e73119. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0073119
  • Börkü, K. (2016). Kedi ve Köpek Enfeksiyöz Hastalıkları, Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi, Ankara. Ceron, J.J., Eckersall, P.D., & Martínez‐Subiela, S. (2005). Acute phase proteins in dogs and cats: current knowledge and future perspectives. Veterinary Clinical Pathology, 34(2), 85-99. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-165X.2005.tb00019.x
  • Chowdhury, Q.M., Alam, S., Chowdhury, M., Rahman, S., Hasan, M., Uddin, M.B., & Rahman, M. (2021). First molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of the VP2 gene of feline panleukopenia virus in Bangladesh. Archives of Virology, 166(8), 2273-2278. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-021-05113-y
  • Deban, L., Russo, R.C., Sironi, M., Moalli, F., Scanziani, M., & Zambelli, V. (2010). Regulation of leukocyte recruitment by the long pentraxin PTX3. Nature Immunology. 11, 328–334. https://doi.org/10.1038/ni.1854
  • Dinçer, E., & Timurkan, M.Ö. (2018). Mersin ilinde feline panleukopenia virüs (FPLV) enfeksiyonunun tespiti ve filogenetik analizi. Fırat Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Veteriner Dergisi, 28(32-3), 213-217.
  • Erel, O. (2005). A new automated colorimetric method for measuring total oxidant status. Clinical Biochemistry. 38, 1103–1111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2005.08.008
  • Foo, S.S., Reading, P.C., Jaillon, S., Mantovani, A., & Mahalingam, S. (2015). Pentraxins and collectins: friend or foe during pathogen invasion?. Trends in Microbiology, 23(12), 799-811. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tim.2015.09.006
  • Garlanda, C., Bottazzi, B., Bastone, A., & Mantovani, A. (2005). Pentraxins at the crossroads between innate immunity, inflammation, matrix deposition, and female fertility. Annual Review of Immunology, 23(1), 337-366. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.immunol.23.021704.115756
  • Gökçe, E., Cihan, P., Atakişi, O., Kirmizigül, A.H., & Erdoğan, H.M. (2022). Oxidative stress in neonatal lambs and its relation to health status and passive colostral immunity. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 251, 110470. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetimm.2022.110470
  • Gökçe, H.İ., & Bozukluhan, K. (2009). Çiftlik hayvanlarında önemli akut faz proteinleri ve bunların veteriner hekimlik alanındaki kullanımı. Dicle Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 1, 1-14.
  • Gülersoy, E.E., Burcu, B., Ok, M., & Sevinç, M. (2023). Evaluation of qSOFA and variation of hematochemical profile in cats naturally infected with feline panleukopenia virus. Open Veterinary Science, 4(1), 20220118. https://doi.org/10.1515/ovs-2022-0118
  • Greene, C.E., & Craig E., (2012). Feline Enteric Viral Infections. Greene, C. E. (Ed.). Infectious Diseases of the Dog and Cat. Elsevier, USA.
  • Günaştı, N., Balcı, Ş., & Tamer, L. (2017). Pentraksinler. Mersin Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 10(1), 65-71. Hamed, S., Behnes, M., Pauly, D., Lepiorz, D., Barre, M., Becher, T. & Hoffmann, U. (2017). Diagnostic value of Pentraxin-3 in patients with sepsis and septic shock in accordance with latest sepsis-3 definitions. BMC Infectious Diseases, 17(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-017-2606-3
  • Inoue, K., Kodama, T., & Daida, H. (2012). Pentraxin 3: A novel biomarker for inflammatory cardiovascular disease. International Journal of Vascular Medicine, 2012, 657025. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/657025
  • Khoshvaghti, A., & Nojaba, E. (2022). The role of oxidative biomarkers in feline pan-leukopenia. Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society, 73(2), 4173-4180. https://doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.26868
  • Koç, M. (2021). Akut Faz Reaktanlarının (CRP, PCT, PTX3) Yenidoğan Sepsisinin Erken Teşhisindeki Rollerinin Değerlendirilmesi, Tıpta Uzmanlık Tezi, Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi, Van
  • Kunes, P., Holubcova, Z., Kolackova, M., & Krejsek, J. (2012). Pentraxin 3 (PTX 3): An endogenous modulator of the inflammatory response. Mediators of Inflammation, 2012, 920517. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/920517
  • Liu, S., Qu, X., Liu, F., Wang, C. (2014). Pentraxin 3 as a prognostic biomarker in patients with systemic inflammation or infection. Mediators of Inflammation. 2014, 421429. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/421429
  • McMichael, M.A. (2007). Oxidative stress, antioxidants, and assessment of oxidative stress in dogs and cats. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 231(5), 714-720. https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.231.5.714
  • Norata, G.D., Garlanda, C., & Catapano, A.L. (2010). The long pentraxin PTX3: A modulator of the immunoinflammatory response in atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. Trends in Cardiovasculer Medicine, 20, 35-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tcm.2010.03.005
  • Öztelcan, B. (2010). Preterm Yenidoğanlarda Umbilikal Kord Kanında İnflamasyon Parametrelerinin ve Pentraksin III’ün (PTX3) Değerlendirilmesi. Tıpta Uzmanlık Tezi, Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Sağlık Bilimler Enstitüsü, Eskişehir.
  • Paltrinieri, S. (2007). Early biomarkers of inflammation in dogs and cats: The acute phase proteins. Veterinary Research Communications, 31, 125-129. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-007-0107-3
  • Parrish, C.R. (1995). 3 Pathogenesis of feline panleukopenia virus and canine parvovirus. Bailliere's Clinical Haematology, 8(1), 57-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0950-3536(05)80232-X
  • Perez, L. (2019). Acute phase protein response to viral infection and vaccination. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 671, 196-202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abb.2019.07.013
  • Petini, M., Drigo, M., & Zoia, A. (2020). Prognostic value of systemic inflammatory response syndrome and serum concentrations of acute phase proteins, cholesterol, and total thyroxine in cats with panleukopenia. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 34(2), 719-724. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15704
  • Porporato, F., Horzinek, M.C., Hofmann-Lehmann, R., Ferri, F., Gerardi, G., Contiero, B., Vezzosi, T., Rocchi, P., Auriemma, E., Lutz H, & Zini, E. (2018). Survival estimates and outcome predictors for shelter cats with feline panleukopenia virus infection. Journal of American Veterinary Medical Association. 253(2), 188-195. https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.253.2.188
  • Ramery, E., Fievez, L., Fraipont, A., Bureau, F., & Lekeux, P. (2010). Characterization of pentraxin 3 in the horse and its expression in airways. Veterinary Research, 41(2), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1051/vetres/2009066
  • Reading, P.C., Bozza, S., Gilbertson, B., Tate, M., Moretti, S., Job, E.R., Crouch, E.C., Brooks, A.G., Brown, L.E., Bottazzi, B., Romani, L., & Mantovani, A. (2008). Antiviral activity of the long chain pentraxin PTX3 against influenza viruses. Journal of Immunology, 180(5), 3391-3398. https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.180.5.3391
  • Ristagno, G., Fumagalli, F., Bottazzi, B., Mantovani, A., Olivari, D., Novelli, D., & Latini, R. (2019). Pentraxin 3 in cardiovascular disease. Frontiers in Immunology, 10, 823. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.00823
  • Schmidt, E. & Eckersall, P. (2015). Acute phase proteins as markers of infectious diseases in small animals. Acta Veterinaria- Beograd, 65(2) 149-161. https://doi.org/10.1515/acve-2015-0013
  • Townsend, M., & Singh, B. (2021). Pentraxin 3 expression in lungs and neutrophils of calves. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 236, 110251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetimm.2021.110251
  • Truyen, U.W.E., Evermann, J.F., Vieler, E., & Parrish, C.R. (1996). Evolution of canine parvovirus involved loss and gain of feline host range. Virology, 215(2), 186-189. https://doi.org/10.1006/viro.1996.0021
  • Truyen, U., Addie, D., Belák, S., Boucraut-Baralon, C., Egberink, H., Frymus, T., & Horzinek, M. C. (2009). Feline panleukopenia. ABCD guidelines on prevention and management. Journal of Feline Medicine & Surgery, 11(7), 538-546. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfms.2009.05.002
  • Wang, Z., Wang, X., Zou, H., Dai, Z., Feng, S., Zhang, M., & Cheng, Q. (2020). The basic characteristics of the pentraxin family and their functions in tumor progression. Frontiers in Immunology, 11, 1757. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.01757
  • Zlibut A., Bocsanb I.C., & Agoston-Coldea L. (2019). Pentraxin-3 and endothelial dysfunction. Advances in Clinical Chemistry, 91, 163-179. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.acc.2019.03.005
Toplam 41 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Veteriner Hekimlik
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Mehmet Eroğlu 0000-0003-0904-5902

Hidayet Metin Erdoğan 0000-0003-1261-4352

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 29 Ağustos 2023
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Ağustos 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 2 Temmuz 2023
Kabul Tarihi 24 Ağustos 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Eroğlu, M., & Erdoğan, H. M. (2023). Serum pentraxin 3 levels in cats with feline parvovirus infection. Journal of Advances in VetBio Science and Techniques, 8(2), 150-158. https://doi.org/10.31797/vetbio.1321720
 Kapak Resmi İndir

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