Pathological findings of experimental Aeromonas hydrophila infection in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Abstract
In this study, clinical findings with macroscopic and microscopic pathologic changes of the tissues and organs after necropsy examination at the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 5th and 7th days following intraperitoneally injection of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) with Aeromonas hydrophila was aimed to be observed. Clinically; weakness, anorexia, swimming closer to surface, darkness in color with hyperemia and lysis of the fins were observed. In the macroscopic examination the liver was seen to be yellowish brown and crispy with haemorrhagic and greyish white foci on the surface. The gall bladder was tightly full with emerald green bile. The kidney and hearth had haemorrhagic foci whilst intestine lumina observed to be filled with yellow coloured mucoid liquid. The degenerative changes, cytoplasmic fat vacuols and lymphocyte infiltration in lever with focal necrosis of hepatocytes and pancreatic cells were observed histologically. The skin, spleen, gill and eyes did not reveal any significant symptoms. The haemorrhagies and intensive lymphocyte infiltrations in liver, kidney and hearth both in macroscopic and microscopic levels revealed a visceral haemorrhagic septicemia. In this sense; clinical, macroscopic and microscopic findings observed during the present study complied with the Aeromonas hydrophila infections recorded in the other fresh water fishes
Keywords
Aeromonas hydrophila bacterial haemorrhagic septicemia Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) pathology
References
- Afifi SH, Al-Thobiati S, Hazaa MS (2000): Bacteriological and histopathological studies on Aeromonas hydrophila infection of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) from fish farms in Saudi Arabia. Assiut Vet Med J, 84, 195-205.
- Arda M (1971): Hastalık Etkenlerinin Titrasyon ve Nötralizasyon Testlerinde Uygulanan Laboratuar Metodları, Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi, Yayın 273, Tatbikat Kılavuzu 175, 105s.
- Arda M, Seçer S, Sarıeyyüpoğlu M (2005) : İnfeksiyöz hastalıklar. 69-105. In : M Arda, S Seçer and M Sarıeyyüpoğlu (Eds), Balık Hastalıkları. Medisan 61, Ankara
- Austin B, Austin DA (1987): Bacterial fish pathogens. 191-197. In: E Horwood (Ed), Disease in Farmed and Wild Fish. Chichester.
- Bach R, Chen PK, Chapman CB (1978): Changes in the spleen of the channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus rafinesque induced by Aeromonas hydrophila. J Fish Dis, 1, 205-207.
- Baran I., Timur M, Aydın N, İstanbulluoğlu E, Aydıntuğ MK (1980): Çifteler-Sakaryabaşı balık üretim ve araştırma istasyonunda alabalıklarda (Salmo gairdneri irideus) görülen bakteriyel hemorajik septisemi hastalığı üzerine incelemeler. Ankara Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 27,467- 473.
- Cipriano RC (2001): Aeromonas hydrophila and motile aeromonad septicemias of fish.
- Erişim:[http://w3.kunsan.ac.kr/~psw/technote/main.cgi/aer omonas.pdf?down_num=1093572320& board=pds&command=down_load&d=& filename = aeromonas.pdf]. Erişim tarihi: 11.07.2006
- Eissa IAM, Badran AF, Moustafa M, Fetaih H (1994): Contribution to hareketlie Aeromonas septicemie in some cultured and wild freshwater fish. Vet Med J Giza, 42, 63- 69.
- Erer H (1981): The investigation of the pathologic findings of experimental Aeromonas hydrophila infection (Bacterial Haemorrhagic Septicaernia) in carp. Doktora Tezi, Ankara Üniversitesi.
- Faktorovich KA (1969): Histological changes in the liver, kidneys, skin and brain of fish sick with red rot. 83-101. In: KA Faktorovich (Ed), Infectious Diseases of Fish and Their Control, Division of Fisheries Research, Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife, Washington, DC.
- Fuentes RJM, Perez HJA (1998): Isolation of Aeromonas hydrophila in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Vet Mexico, 29, 117-119.
- Gado MSM (1998): Studies on the virulence of Aeromonas hydrophila in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Assiut Vet Med J, 40, 190-200.
- Grizzle JM, Kirju Y (1993): Histopathology of gill, liver and pancreas and serum enzyme levels of channel catfish infected with Aeromonas hydrophila complex. J Aquat Anim Health, 5, 36-50.
- Huizinga HW, Esch GW, Hazen TC (1979): Histopathology of red-sore disease (Aeromonas hydrophila) in naturally and experimentally infected largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides (Lacépéde). J Fish Dis, 2 263-277.
- Kanai K, Wakabayashi H (1984): Purification and some properties of protease from Aeromonas hydrophila. B Jpn Soc Sci Fish, 50, 1367-1374.
- Kaper JB, Lochman H, Colwell RR, Joseph SW (1981): Aeromonas hydrophila: Ecology and toxigenicity of isoloates from an estuary. J Appl Bacteriol, 50, 359-377.
- Khalil AH, Mansour EH (1997): Toxicity of crude extracellular products of Aeromonas hydrophila in tilapia, Tilapia nilotica. Lett Appl Microbiol, 25, 269-273.
- Lallier R, Bernard F, Lalonda G (1984): Difference in the extracellular products of two strains of Aeromonas hydrophila virulent and weakly virulent for fish. Can J Microbiol, 30, 900-904.
- Len PP (1987): Mesophilic spoilage of marine fish: bay trout (Arripis trutta), bream (Acanthopagrus butcheri) and mullet (Aldrichetta forsteri). Food Technol Aust, 39, 277- 282.
- Leung KY, Yeab IV, Lam TJ, Sin YM (1994): Serum resistance as a good indicator for virulence in Aeromonas hydrophila strains isolated from diseased fish in South East Asia. J Fish Dis, 18, 511-518.
- Miyazaki T, Kaige N (1985): A histopathological study on motile Aeromonad disease of crucian carp. Fish Pathol, 21, 181-185.
- Nieto TP, Santos Y, Rodriguez LA, Ellis AE (1991): An extracellular acetyl choline estrase produced by Aeromonas hydrophila is a major lethal toxin for fish. Microb Pathogenesis, 11, 101-110.
- Paperna I (1996): Bacterial infections. 10-28. In: I Paperna (Ed), Parasites, Infections and Diseases of Fishes, An update, CIFA Technical Paper, Rome, FAO.
- Roberts RJ (2001): The bacteriology of teleosts. 315-321. In: RJ Roberts (Ed), Fish Pathology, WB Saunders, Philadelphia.
- Rodriguez LA, Ellis AE, Nieto TP (1992): Effects of acetylcholinesterase toxin of Aeromonas hydrophila on the central nervous system of fish. Microb Pathogenesis, 14, 411-415.
- Trust TJ, Bull ML, Currie BR, Buckley JT (1974): Obligate anaerobic bacteria in the gastrointestinal microflora of the grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), goldfish (Carassius auratus), and rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). J Fish Res Board Can, 36, 1174-1179.
- Ventura MT, Grizzle JM (1988): Lesions associated with natural and experimental infections of Aeromonas hydrophila in channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque). J Fish Dis, 11, 397-407.
- Yambot AV, Inglis V (1994): Aeromonas hydrophila isolated from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) with “Eye Disease”. International Symposium on Aquatic Animal Health, Seattle, WA (USA), 4th-8th September, University of California, School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA: 103
Nil tilapyalarında (Oreochromis niloticus) deneysel Aeromonas hydrophila enfeksiyonundakipatolojik bulgular
Abstract
Bu çalışmada; intraperitoneal olarak Aeromonas hydrophila ile enfekte edilen Nil tilapyalarında (Oreochromis niloticus), enjeksiyonu izleyen 1., 2., 3., 5. ve 7. günlerdeki klinik bulgular ile ötenaziyi takiben yapılan nekropsiler sonrasında doku ve organlarda gözlenen patolojik bulguların, makroskobik ve mikroskobik düzeyde incelenerek değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı. Klinik olarak halsizlik, iştahızlık, yüzeye yakın yüzme, renkte koyulaşma ile yüzgeç diplerinde hiperemi ve erime gibi bulgular gözlendi. Nekropside karaciğerin sarımsı kahverenkli olduğu ve kıvamının gevrekleşip, üzerinde kanama ve boz beyaz odaklar gözlendi. Safra kesesinin zümrüt yeşili renkli safra sıvısıyla gergin bir şekilde dolu olduğu dikkati çekti. Böbrekte ve kalpte kanama odakları gözlenirken, bağırsak lümenlerinin sarımtırak renkli, mukuslu sıvı ile dolu olduğu izlendi. Histopatolojik olarak karaciğerde dejeneratif değişiklikler, sitoplazmalarında yağ vakuolleri ve lenfosit infiltrasyonu ile hepatosit ve pankreas hücrelerinde fokal nekroz gözlendi. Böbrekte, parankim dejenerasyonu, tubul epitellerinde nekroz ve fokal lenfosit infiltrasyonu görüldü. Deri, dalak, solungaç ve gözlerde belirgin bir bulgu gözlenmedi. Karaciğer, böbrek ve kalpte gerek makroskobik gerekse de mikroskobik düzeyde hemorajilerin ve lenfosit infiltrasyonunun yoğun olarak gözlenmesi visseral bir hemorajik septisemi tablosu çizmektedir. Bu bağlamda mevcut çalışma süresince gözlenen klinik, makroskobik ve mikroskobik bulgular genel itibariyle diğer tatlı su balıklarında şekillenen A. hydrophila enfeksiyonlarındaki temel bulgularla benzerlik gösterdi
Keywords
Aeromonas hydrophila bakteriyel hemorajik septisemi Nil tilapyası (Oreochromis niloticus) patoloji
References
- Afifi SH, Al-Thobiati S, Hazaa MS (2000): Bacteriological and histopathological studies on Aeromonas hydrophila infection of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) from fish farms in Saudi Arabia. Assiut Vet Med J, 84, 195-205.
- Arda M (1971): Hastalık Etkenlerinin Titrasyon ve Nötralizasyon Testlerinde Uygulanan Laboratuar Metodları, Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi, Yayın 273, Tatbikat Kılavuzu 175, 105s.
- Arda M, Seçer S, Sarıeyyüpoğlu M (2005) : İnfeksiyöz hastalıklar. 69-105. In : M Arda, S Seçer and M Sarıeyyüpoğlu (Eds), Balık Hastalıkları. Medisan 61, Ankara
- Austin B, Austin DA (1987): Bacterial fish pathogens. 191-197. In: E Horwood (Ed), Disease in Farmed and Wild Fish. Chichester.
- Bach R, Chen PK, Chapman CB (1978): Changes in the spleen of the channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus rafinesque induced by Aeromonas hydrophila. J Fish Dis, 1, 205-207.
- Baran I., Timur M, Aydın N, İstanbulluoğlu E, Aydıntuğ MK (1980): Çifteler-Sakaryabaşı balık üretim ve araştırma istasyonunda alabalıklarda (Salmo gairdneri irideus) görülen bakteriyel hemorajik septisemi hastalığı üzerine incelemeler. Ankara Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 27,467- 473.
- Cipriano RC (2001): Aeromonas hydrophila and motile aeromonad septicemias of fish.
- Erişim:[http://w3.kunsan.ac.kr/~psw/technote/main.cgi/aer omonas.pdf?down_num=1093572320& board=pds&command=down_load&d=& filename = aeromonas.pdf]. Erişim tarihi: 11.07.2006
- Eissa IAM, Badran AF, Moustafa M, Fetaih H (1994): Contribution to hareketlie Aeromonas septicemie in some cultured and wild freshwater fish. Vet Med J Giza, 42, 63- 69.
- Erer H (1981): The investigation of the pathologic findings of experimental Aeromonas hydrophila infection (Bacterial Haemorrhagic Septicaernia) in carp. Doktora Tezi, Ankara Üniversitesi.
- Faktorovich KA (1969): Histological changes in the liver, kidneys, skin and brain of fish sick with red rot. 83-101. In: KA Faktorovich (Ed), Infectious Diseases of Fish and Their Control, Division of Fisheries Research, Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife, Washington, DC.
- Fuentes RJM, Perez HJA (1998): Isolation of Aeromonas hydrophila in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Vet Mexico, 29, 117-119.
- Gado MSM (1998): Studies on the virulence of Aeromonas hydrophila in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Assiut Vet Med J, 40, 190-200.
- Grizzle JM, Kirju Y (1993): Histopathology of gill, liver and pancreas and serum enzyme levels of channel catfish infected with Aeromonas hydrophila complex. J Aquat Anim Health, 5, 36-50.
- Huizinga HW, Esch GW, Hazen TC (1979): Histopathology of red-sore disease (Aeromonas hydrophila) in naturally and experimentally infected largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides (Lacépéde). J Fish Dis, 2 263-277.
- Kanai K, Wakabayashi H (1984): Purification and some properties of protease from Aeromonas hydrophila. B Jpn Soc Sci Fish, 50, 1367-1374.
- Kaper JB, Lochman H, Colwell RR, Joseph SW (1981): Aeromonas hydrophila: Ecology and toxigenicity of isoloates from an estuary. J Appl Bacteriol, 50, 359-377.
- Khalil AH, Mansour EH (1997): Toxicity of crude extracellular products of Aeromonas hydrophila in tilapia, Tilapia nilotica. Lett Appl Microbiol, 25, 269-273.
- Lallier R, Bernard F, Lalonda G (1984): Difference in the extracellular products of two strains of Aeromonas hydrophila virulent and weakly virulent for fish. Can J Microbiol, 30, 900-904.
- Len PP (1987): Mesophilic spoilage of marine fish: bay trout (Arripis trutta), bream (Acanthopagrus butcheri) and mullet (Aldrichetta forsteri). Food Technol Aust, 39, 277- 282.
- Leung KY, Yeab IV, Lam TJ, Sin YM (1994): Serum resistance as a good indicator for virulence in Aeromonas hydrophila strains isolated from diseased fish in South East Asia. J Fish Dis, 18, 511-518.
- Miyazaki T, Kaige N (1985): A histopathological study on motile Aeromonad disease of crucian carp. Fish Pathol, 21, 181-185.
- Nieto TP, Santos Y, Rodriguez LA, Ellis AE (1991): An extracellular acetyl choline estrase produced by Aeromonas hydrophila is a major lethal toxin for fish. Microb Pathogenesis, 11, 101-110.
- Paperna I (1996): Bacterial infections. 10-28. In: I Paperna (Ed), Parasites, Infections and Diseases of Fishes, An update, CIFA Technical Paper, Rome, FAO.
- Roberts RJ (2001): The bacteriology of teleosts. 315-321. In: RJ Roberts (Ed), Fish Pathology, WB Saunders, Philadelphia.
- Rodriguez LA, Ellis AE, Nieto TP (1992): Effects of acetylcholinesterase toxin of Aeromonas hydrophila on the central nervous system of fish. Microb Pathogenesis, 14, 411-415.
- Trust TJ, Bull ML, Currie BR, Buckley JT (1974): Obligate anaerobic bacteria in the gastrointestinal microflora of the grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), goldfish (Carassius auratus), and rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). J Fish Res Board Can, 36, 1174-1179.
- Ventura MT, Grizzle JM (1988): Lesions associated with natural and experimental infections of Aeromonas hydrophila in channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque). J Fish Dis, 11, 397-407.
- Yambot AV, Inglis V (1994): Aeromonas hydrophila isolated from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) with “Eye Disease”. International Symposium on Aquatic Animal Health, Seattle, WA (USA), 4th-8th September, University of California, School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA: 103
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Veterinary Surgery |
| Other ID | JA26FF64FP |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | March 1, 2011 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2011 |