Antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus spp. and Staphylococcus spp. isolated from respiratory tract of race horses in Türkiye
Abstract
As with other animal species, one of the most important challenges encountered in race horse breeding is performance and economic losses caused by infectious diseases. Antibiotics are the most important and common drugs used for protection against infectious diseases. Recently with the occurrence of antibiotic resistance, serious complications have emerged in terms of human and animal health. For this reason, to determine antibiotic resistance in bacteria, many research studies have been carried out in the world and Türkiye. However, in Türkiye no comprehensive study has yet been conducted on antibiotic resistance in race horses. Within the scope of this study, it was aimed to investigate antibacterial susceptibility and resistance in Streptococcus spp. and Staphylococcus spp. agents identified through isolation from tracheal aspiration fluid samples taken from thoroughbred horses brought to 75. Yıl Hippodrome Hospital. Disk Diffusion and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) tests were used to determine antibacterial susceptibility. Susceptibility profiles of identified strains against some penicillin, cephalosporin, aminoglycoside, tetracycline, rifamycin and carbapenem group antibacterial drugs were determined. Also, it has been determined that 1 Streptococcus spp. and 10 Staphylococcus spp. agents are sensitive to amoxicillin and ampicillin-sulbactam; moderately sensitive to penicillin and amikacin and resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, kanamycin, gentamicin, enrofloxacin and rifampin.
Keywords
Antimicrobial susceptibility; Disc Diffusion; Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC); Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp.; Thoroughbreds;
Supporting Institution
This research study was funded by Scientific Research Project Coordination Unit of Ankara University, (Grant number: 16L0239011).
Project Number
Grant number: 16L0239011
Thanks
This research study is produced from a doctoral-PhD thesis.
References
- Acet A (1989): Hayvansal gıdalarda antimikrobiyal ilaç rezidüleri. Türk Veteriner Hekimliği Derg, 3, 32-36.
- Akkan HA, Karaca M (2003): Veteriner İç Hastalıklarında Antibiyotik Kullanımı. Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Derg, 14, 72-77.
- Alekshun MN, Levy SB (2007): Molecular mechanisms of antibacterial multidrug resistance. Cell, 28, 1037-1050.
- Boyle AG, Timoney JF, Newton JR, et al (2018): Streptococcus equi Infections in Horses: Guidelines for Treatment, Control, and Prevention of Strangles-Revised Consensus Statement. J Vet Intern Med, 32, 633-647.
- CLSI (2014): Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing; Twenty-Fourth Informational Supplement. CLSI Document M100-S24, Wayne, 34.
- Darien JF, Doreene H, Josie TD, et al (2005): Investigation of falsely reported resistance of Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus isolates from horses to trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole. J Vet Diagn Invest, 17, 483–486.
- ECDC, EFSA, EMA (2017): Joint Scientific Opinion on a list of outcome indicators as regards surveillance of antimicrobial resistance and antimicrobial consumption in humans and food-producing animals. Available at file:///C:/Users/HP/Downloads/2017-EFSA_Journal%20(1).pdf. (Accessed February 18, 2018).
- FVE (2007): Antibiotic resistance & prudent use of antibiotics in veterinary medicine. Published by Federation of Veterinarians of Europe.
- FVE (2018): Antibiotic resistance and prudent use of antibiotics in veterinary medicine. Available at http://www.fve.org/news/publications/pdf/antibioen.pdf. (Accessed February 17, 2017).
- Gutema DF, Duguma BE, Dinka AG (2007): Isolation and identification of aerobic bacretial flora from the upper respiratory tract of donkeys in Central Ethiopia. Faculty of veterinary medicine of Addis Ababa University Donkey Health and Welfare Project.
- Johns IC, Adams EL (2015): Trends in antimicrobial resistance in equine bacterial isolates. 1999-2012. Veterinary Record, 176, 334.
- Kang HY, Jeong YS, Oh JY, et al (2005): Characterization of antimicrobial resistance and class 1 integrons found in Escherichia coli isolates from humans and animals in Korea. J Antimicrob Chemother, 55, 639-644.
- Karilyn A (2004): Equine infectious disease and microbial resistance to antibiotics. Dartmouth Undergraduate Journal of Science. Spring.
- Kaya S (1984): Hayvansal üretimde gelişmeyi hızlandırıcı maddeler ve sakıncaları. Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg, 31, 410-423.
- Kaya S, Şahal M (1989): Besinlerimizdeki ilaç kalıntıları, bunlara ilişkin tolerans düzeyleri, ilaç verilmiş hayvanlarda uyulması gereken kesim öncesi bekletme veya sütün kullanılmama süreleri. Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg, 36, 390-403.
- Kaya S, Yavuz HBC, Akar F, et al (1993): Mezbahadan sağlanan sığır et, karaciğer ve böbrek örneklerinde antibiyotik kalıntıları. Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg, 39, 13-29.
- Kemper N (2008): Veterinary antibiotics in the aquatic and terrestrial environment. Ecological Indicators, 8, 1-13.
- Mani RJ, Thachil AJ, Ramachandran A (2017): Discrimination of Streptococcus equi subsp. equi and Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Vet Diagn Invest, 29, 622-627.
- Martinez JL (2009): Environmental pollution by antibiotics and by antibiotic resistance determinants. Environmental Pollution, 157, 2893-2902.
- Martinez M, Silley P (2010): Antimicrobial Drug Resistance. Handb Exp, 199, 227-264.
- Mir IA, Kumar B, Taku A, et al (2013): The study of aerobic bacterial flora of the upper respiratory tract of equines from Jammu and Kashmir region of India. Veterinary World, E-ISSN: 2231-0916.
- Sağmanligil H (1989): Antibiyorezistans oluşumu ve sağlık yönünden getirdiği sorunlar. U Ü Vet Fak Derg, 8-9, 249-256.
- WHO (2014): Antimicrobial resistance: Global report on surveillance. Edited by World Health Organization.
Abstract
Project Number
Grant number: 16L0239011
References
- Acet A (1989): Hayvansal gıdalarda antimikrobiyal ilaç rezidüleri. Türk Veteriner Hekimliği Derg, 3, 32-36.
- Akkan HA, Karaca M (2003): Veteriner İç Hastalıklarında Antibiyotik Kullanımı. Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Derg, 14, 72-77.
- Alekshun MN, Levy SB (2007): Molecular mechanisms of antibacterial multidrug resistance. Cell, 28, 1037-1050.
- Boyle AG, Timoney JF, Newton JR, et al (2018): Streptococcus equi Infections in Horses: Guidelines for Treatment, Control, and Prevention of Strangles-Revised Consensus Statement. J Vet Intern Med, 32, 633-647.
- CLSI (2014): Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing; Twenty-Fourth Informational Supplement. CLSI Document M100-S24, Wayne, 34.
- Darien JF, Doreene H, Josie TD, et al (2005): Investigation of falsely reported resistance of Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus isolates from horses to trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole. J Vet Diagn Invest, 17, 483–486.
- ECDC, EFSA, EMA (2017): Joint Scientific Opinion on a list of outcome indicators as regards surveillance of antimicrobial resistance and antimicrobial consumption in humans and food-producing animals. Available at file:///C:/Users/HP/Downloads/2017-EFSA_Journal%20(1).pdf. (Accessed February 18, 2018).
- FVE (2007): Antibiotic resistance & prudent use of antibiotics in veterinary medicine. Published by Federation of Veterinarians of Europe.
- FVE (2018): Antibiotic resistance and prudent use of antibiotics in veterinary medicine. Available at http://www.fve.org/news/publications/pdf/antibioen.pdf. (Accessed February 17, 2017).
- Gutema DF, Duguma BE, Dinka AG (2007): Isolation and identification of aerobic bacretial flora from the upper respiratory tract of donkeys in Central Ethiopia. Faculty of veterinary medicine of Addis Ababa University Donkey Health and Welfare Project.
- Johns IC, Adams EL (2015): Trends in antimicrobial resistance in equine bacterial isolates. 1999-2012. Veterinary Record, 176, 334.
- Kang HY, Jeong YS, Oh JY, et al (2005): Characterization of antimicrobial resistance and class 1 integrons found in Escherichia coli isolates from humans and animals in Korea. J Antimicrob Chemother, 55, 639-644.
- Karilyn A (2004): Equine infectious disease and microbial resistance to antibiotics. Dartmouth Undergraduate Journal of Science. Spring.
- Kaya S (1984): Hayvansal üretimde gelişmeyi hızlandırıcı maddeler ve sakıncaları. Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg, 31, 410-423.
- Kaya S, Şahal M (1989): Besinlerimizdeki ilaç kalıntıları, bunlara ilişkin tolerans düzeyleri, ilaç verilmiş hayvanlarda uyulması gereken kesim öncesi bekletme veya sütün kullanılmama süreleri. Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg, 36, 390-403.
- Kaya S, Yavuz HBC, Akar F, et al (1993): Mezbahadan sağlanan sığır et, karaciğer ve böbrek örneklerinde antibiyotik kalıntıları. Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg, 39, 13-29.
- Kemper N (2008): Veterinary antibiotics in the aquatic and terrestrial environment. Ecological Indicators, 8, 1-13.
- Mani RJ, Thachil AJ, Ramachandran A (2017): Discrimination of Streptococcus equi subsp. equi and Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Vet Diagn Invest, 29, 622-627.
- Martinez JL (2009): Environmental pollution by antibiotics and by antibiotic resistance determinants. Environmental Pollution, 157, 2893-2902.
- Martinez M, Silley P (2010): Antimicrobial Drug Resistance. Handb Exp, 199, 227-264.
- Mir IA, Kumar B, Taku A, et al (2013): The study of aerobic bacterial flora of the upper respiratory tract of equines from Jammu and Kashmir region of India. Veterinary World, E-ISSN: 2231-0916.
- Sağmanligil H (1989): Antibiyorezistans oluşumu ve sağlık yönünden getirdiği sorunlar. U Ü Vet Fak Derg, 8-9, 249-256.
- WHO (2014): Antimicrobial resistance: Global report on surveillance. Edited by World Health Organization.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Veterinary Surgery |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Project Number | Grant number: 16L0239011 |
| Publication Date | September 30, 2022 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2022 |