Serum ANGPTL4 and FGF2, energy-related blood biochemicals, cytokine responses and oxidative stress in dairy cows with subclinical ketosis

Efe Kurtdede; Arif Kurtdede; Naci Öcal; Erdal Kara

doi:10.33988/auvfd.907076

Research Article

Serum ANGPTL4 and FGF2, energy-related blood biochemicals, cytokine responses and oxidative stress in dairy cows with subclinical ketosis

Year 2023, , 37 - 42, 30.12.2022

Efe Kurtdede , Arif Kurtdede , Naci Öcal , Erdal Kara

https://doi.org/10.33988/auvfd.907076

Abstract

In this study, it was aimed to investigate the serum levels of ANGPTL4, FGF21, IL-1β, IL-6, SOD, MDA, and serum biochemical and hematological parameters in cows with subclinical ketosis. The mean serum β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHB) level was 1.37 ± 0.04 mmol/L in 10 dairy cows aged 3-5 years that were <21 days postpartum and diagnosed with subclinical ketosis. The mean serum BHB level was 0.40 ± 0.08 mmol/L in 10 healthy dairy cows in the same period and in the same age range. An increase in serum AST (P<0.001) and a decrease in serum albumin levels (P<0.05) indicated altered liver functions. An increase in serum non-esterified fatty acid (P<0.001) and decreases in serum HDL, triglyceride, and total cholesterol levels (P<0.05) were interpreted as indicators of increased metabolic pathology risk due to negative energy balance. Increases in serum ANGPTL4, FGF2, IL-1β, IL-6, and MDA (P<0.001) and SOD levels (P<0.05) were evaluated as indicators of the development of effective metabolic, inflammatory, and oxidative stress.
It was concluded that significant increases in serum ANGPTL4, FGF2, IL-1β, IL-6, and MDA and SOD levels in dairy cows with subclinical ketosis were associated with negative energy balance, effective cytokine responses, and oxidative stress.

Keywords

Cytokines, dairy cows, energy-related biochemicals, hepatokines, Subclinical ketosis

Supporting Institution

This study was supported by Ankara University Scientific Research Grant (grant no. 20B0239002).

Project Number

Grant no. 20B0239002

Thanks

This study is not produced from a doctoral-PhD or master’s thesis or presented at scientific meetings.

References

Agalakova NI, Gusev GP (2012): Molecular mechanisms of cytotoxicity and apoptosis induced by inorganic fluoride. ISRN Cell Biol, Article ID 403835.
Antanaitis R, Juozaitiene V, Malasauskiene D, et al (2019): Can rumination time and some blood biochemical parameters be used as biomarkers for the diagnosis of subclinical acidosis and subclinical ketosis. Vet Anim Sci, 8, 100077.
Badman MK, Pissios P, Kennedy AR, et al (2007): Hepatic fibroblast growth factor 21 is regulated by PPAR alpha and is a key mediator of hepatic lipid metabolism in ketotic states. Cell Metab, 5, 426-437.
Basbug O, Akar Y, Ercan N (2014): The investigation of the prevalence of subclinical ketosis in Sivas region dairy cows. Eurasian J Vet Sci, 30, 123-128.
Bernabucci U, Ronchi B, Lacetera N, et al (2005): Influence of body condition score on relationships between metabolic status and oxidative stress in periparturient dairy cows. J Dairy Sci, 88, 2017-2026.
Bruckmaier RM, Gross JJ (2017): Lactational challenges in transition dairy cows. Anim Prod Sci, 57, 1471-1481.
Brunner N, Groeger S, Raposo JC, et al (2018): Prevalence of subclinical ketosis and production diseases in dairy cows in Central and South America, Africa, Asia, Australia, New Zealand, and Eastern Europe. Transl Anim Sci, 3, 84-92.
Chen Y, Dong Z, Li R, et al (2018): Changes in selected biochemical parameters (including FGF21) during subclinical and clinical ketosis in dairy cows. Med Weteryn, 74, 727-730.
Fiore E, Piccione G, Rizzo M, et al (2018): Adaptation of some energetic parameters during transition period in dairy cows, J Appl Anim Res, 46, 402-405.
Folnozic I, Turk R, Duricic D, et al (2015): Influence of Body Condition on Serum Metabolic Indicators of Lipid Mobilization and Oxidative Stress in Dairy Cows During the Transition Period. Rep Domestic Anim, 50, 910-917.
Gavan C, Retea C, Motorga V (2010): Changes in the hematological profile of Holstein primiparous in periparturient period and in early to mid-lactation. Anim Sci Biotec, 43, 244-246.
Grummer RR (1993): Etiology of lipid-related metabolic disorders in periparturient dairy cows. J Dairy Sci, 76, 3882-3896.
Halliwell B (2007): Biochemistry of oxidative stress. Biochem Soci Trans, 35, 1147-1150.
Ingvartsen KL (2006): Feeding-and management-related diseases in the transition cow: Physiological adaptations around calving and strategies to reduce feeding-related diseases. Anim Feed Sci, Technol, 126, 175–213.
Issi M, Gül Y, Basbug O (2016): Evaluation of renal and hepatic functions in cattle with subclinical and clinical ketosis. Turk J Vet Anim Sci, 40, 47-52.
Karimi N, Mohri M, Azizzadeh M, et al (2015): Relationships between trace elements, oxidative stress and subclinical ketosis during transition period in dairy cows. Iran J Vet Sci Techn, 7, 46-56.
Lacetera N, Scalia D, Franci O, et al (2004): Short communication: effects of nonesterified fatty acids on lymphocyte function in dairy heifers. J Dairy Sci, 87, 1012–1014.
Li XB, Zhang ZG, Liu GW, et al (2011): Renal function of dairy cows with subclinical ketosis. Vet Rec, 168, 643.
Loor JJ, Everts RE, Bionaz M, et al (2007): Nutrition-induced ketosis alters metabolic and signaling gene networks in liver of periparturient dairy cows. Physiol Genomics, 32, 105-116.
Mamedova LK, Robbins K, Johnson BJ, et al (2010): Tissue expression of angiopoietin-like protein 4 in cattle. J Anim Sci, 88, 124-130.
Marutsova V, Binev R, Marutsov P (2015): Comparative clinical and haematological investigations in lactating cows with subclinical and cliniıcal ketosis. Mac Vet Rev, 38, 159-166.
Marutsova VJ, Marutsov PD, Binev RG (2019): Evaluation of some blood liver parameters in cows with subclinical and clinical ketosis. Bulgarian J Vet Med, 22, 314-321.
Mazur A, Rayssiquier Y (1988): Lipoprotein profile of the lactating cow. Ann Rech Vet, 19, 53-58.
Opsomer G (2015): Interaction between metabolic challenges and productivity in high yielding dairy cows. Jap J Vet Res, 63, 1-14.
Rodriguez-Jimenez S, Haerr KJ, Trevisi E, et al (2018): Prepartal standing behavior as a parameter for early detection of postpartal subclinical ketosis associated with inflammation and liver function biomarkers in peripartal dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 101, 8224-8235.
Sahoo SS, Patra RC, Behera PC, et al (2009): Oxidative stress indices in the erythrocytes from lactating cows after treatment for subclinical ketosis with antioxidant incorporated in the therapeutic regime. Vet Res Commun, 33, 281-290.
Sato S, Kohno M, Ono H (2005): Relation between blood β-hydroxybutyric acid and glucose, non-esterified fatty acid and aspartate aminotransferase in dairy cows with subclinical ketosis. Jap J Vet Clin, 28, 7-13.
Schlegel G, Ringseis R, Keller J, et al (2013): Expression of fibroblast growth factor 21 in the liver of dairy cows in the transition period and during lactation. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr, 97, 820–829.
Schoenberg KM, Giesy SL, Harvatine KJ, et al (2011): Plasma FGF21 is elevated by the intense lipid mobilization of lactation. Endocrinol, 152, 4652-4661.
Schulz K, Frahm J, Kersten S, et al (2014): Effects of elevated parameters of subclinical ketosis on the immune system of dairy cows: in vivo and in vitro results. Arch Anim Nutr, 69, 113-127.
Senoh T, Oikawa S, Nakada K, et al (2019): Increased serum malondialdehyde concentration in cows with subclinical ketosis. J Vet Med Sci, 81, 817-820.
Sun Y, Wang B, Shu S, et al (2015): Critical thresholds of liver function parameters for ketosis prediction in dairy cows using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Vet Quarterly, 35, 159-164.
Trevisi E, Amadori M, Cogrossi S, et al (2012): Metabolic stress and inflammatory response in high-yielding, periparturient dairy cows. Res Vet Sci, 93, 695-704.
Trevisi E, Jahan N, Bertoni G, et al (2015): Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Profile in Dairy Cows: Consequences for New Lactation. Italian J Anim Sci, 14, 3862.
Turk R, PodpeCan O, Mrkun J, et al (2013): Lipid mobilisation and oxidative stress as metabolic adaptation processes in dairy heifers during transition period. Anim Repr Sci, 141, 109-115.
Wang J, Zhu X, She G, et al (2018): Serum hepatokines in dairy cows: periparturient variation and changes in energy-related metabolic disorders. BMC Veterinary Research, 14, 236.
Wankhade PR, Manimaran A, Kumaresan A, et al (2017): Metabolic and immunological changes in transition dairy cows: A review. Vet World, 10, 1367–1377.
Yang W, Zhang B, Xu C, et al (2019): Effects of ketosis in dairy cows on blood biochemical parameters, milk yield and composition, and digestive capacity. J Vet Res, 63, 555-560.
Zhang Y, Li X, Zhang H, et al (2018): Non-Esterified Fatty Acids Over-Activate the TLR2/4-NF-Κb Signaling Pathway to Increase Inflammatory Cytokine Synthesis in Neutrophils from Ketotic Cows. Cell Physiol Biochem, 48, 827-837.