Abstract
The Eustachian tube is a canal from the tympanic cavity to the nasopharynx that is responsible for the aeration, drainage, and pressure equalization of the middle ear. Partial or complete blockage of the tube can trigger severe ear disease. We evaluated pathologic changes from Eustachian tube obstruction (ETO) in 15 temporal bones from cats with bilateral ETO from the temporal bone collection at the University of Minnesota Medical School Otopathology Laboratory. The samples were evaluated for histopathological changes to investigate the continuum of the disease at intervals of 2 days, 1-week, 2-weeks and 4-weeks. Temporal bones were sectioned in the horizontal plane and every 10th section was stained with hematoxylin and eosin. One section from each ear was stained with periodic acid-Schiff and Alcian blue. Sections were studied under light microscopy. The results revealed moderate hyperplasia equally developed throughout the epithelial layer surrounding the middle ear and neutrophil-rich inflammatory cell infiltration. As the duration of obstruction prolonged to the 4th week, compositional change of the middle ear effusion from serous to mucoid that was accompanied with granulation tissue formation was observed. In conclusion, the severity of the findings related to ETO are directly proportional to the duration of the disease. Therefore, patients presenting with long-lasting complaints of ear diseases should be examined for dysfunction or blockage of the Eustachian tube.
Thanks
The research reported in this publication was supported by International Hearing Foundation; the 5M Lions International and Starkey Hearing Foundation. The authors thank to the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Türkiye (TUBITAK). A portion of this study was presented as oral presentation at the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine (ACVIM) Forum, June 7-10, 2017, Oxon Hill, MD, USA.
References
- Bluestone CD (1996): Pathogenesis of otitis media: role of eustachian tube. Pediatr Infect Dis J, 15, 281-91.
- Bluestone CD, Klein JO (2014): Otitis Media and Eustachian Tube Dysfunction. 655. In: CD Bluestone, JF Simons, GB Healy (Eds), Bluestone and Stool's Pediatric Otolaryngology, People's Medical Publishing House – USA.
- Cheng X, Sheng H, Ma R, et al (2017): Allergic rhinitis and allergy are risk factors for otitis media with effusion: A meta-analysis. Allergol Immunopathol, 45, 25-32.
- Christov F, Gluth MB (2018): Histopathology of the mucosa of eustachian tube orifice at the middle ear in chronic otitis media with effusion: possible insight into tuboplasty failure. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol, 127, 817-822.
- Donnelly KE, Tillson DM (2004): Feline inflammatory polyps and ventral bulla osteotomy. Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet, 26, 446–453.
- Fireman P (1997): Otitis media and eustachian tube dysfunction: connection to allergic rhinitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol, 99, 787-797.
- Greci V, Mortellaro CM (2016): Management of Otic and Nasopharyngeal, and Nasal Polyps in Cats and Dogs. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract, 46, 643-661.
- Hoppers SE, May ER, Frank LA (2020): Feline bilateral inflammatory aural polyps: a descriptive retrospective study. Vet Dermatol, 31, 385-e102.
- Hurst DS (2011): The role of allergy in otitis media with effusion. Otolaryngol Clin North Am, 44, 637-654.
- Hurst DS, Denne CM (2020): The Relation of Allergy to Eustachian Tube Dysfunction and the Subsequent Need for Insertion of Pressure Equalization Tubes. Ear Nose Throat J, 99, 39S-47S.
- Janssens SD, Haagsman AN, Ter Haar G (2017): Middle ear polyps: results of traction avulsion after a lateral approach to the ear canal in 62 cats (2004–2014). J Feline Med Surg, 19, 803-808.
- Jin CS, Majima Y, Hamaguchi Y, et al (1991): Quantitative histochemical study of secretory cells after short term tubal obstruction in the cat. Acta Otolaryngol, 111, 515-523.
- Juhn SK, Paparella MM, Goycoolea MV, et al (1977): Pathogenesis of Otitis Media. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol, 86, 481-492.
- Juszczak HM, Loftus PA (2020): Role of Allergy in Eustachian Tube Dysfunction. Cur Allergy Asthma Rep, 20, 10.
- Liberman MC, Rosowski JJ, Lewis RF (2010): Physiology and Pathophysiology: Sound Tranmission of Pathologic Ears. In: Merchant SN, Nadol JB, eds. Schuknecht’s Pathology of the Ear. Vol. 3rd ed. PMPH-USA.
- Lin J, Tsuboi Y, Rimell F, et al (2003): Expression of mucins in mucoid otitis media. JARO, 4, 384–393.
- O’Malley JT, Burgess BJ, Jones DD, et al (2009): Techniques of Celloidin Removal from Temporal Bone Sections. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol, 118, 435-441.
- Roland PS (2004): The formation and management of middle ear granulation tissue in chronic ear disease. Ear Nose Throat J, 83, 5-8.
- Seibert JW, Danner CJ (2006): Eustachian tube function and the middle ear. Otolaryngol Clin North Am, 39, 1221-1235.
- Smith ME, Tysome JR (2015): Tests of Eustachian tube function: a review. Clin Otolaryngol, 40, 300-311.
- Wilson D (2015): The efficacy of betahistine as treatment for eustachian tube dysfunction in an allergic rat model. Doctoral Thesis, Boston University, MA, USA.
Abstract
References
- Bluestone CD (1996): Pathogenesis of otitis media: role of eustachian tube. Pediatr Infect Dis J, 15, 281-91.
- Bluestone CD, Klein JO (2014): Otitis Media and Eustachian Tube Dysfunction. 655. In: CD Bluestone, JF Simons, GB Healy (Eds), Bluestone and Stool's Pediatric Otolaryngology, People's Medical Publishing House – USA.
- Cheng X, Sheng H, Ma R, et al (2017): Allergic rhinitis and allergy are risk factors for otitis media with effusion: A meta-analysis. Allergol Immunopathol, 45, 25-32.
- Christov F, Gluth MB (2018): Histopathology of the mucosa of eustachian tube orifice at the middle ear in chronic otitis media with effusion: possible insight into tuboplasty failure. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol, 127, 817-822.
- Donnelly KE, Tillson DM (2004): Feline inflammatory polyps and ventral bulla osteotomy. Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet, 26, 446–453.
- Fireman P (1997): Otitis media and eustachian tube dysfunction: connection to allergic rhinitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol, 99, 787-797.
- Greci V, Mortellaro CM (2016): Management of Otic and Nasopharyngeal, and Nasal Polyps in Cats and Dogs. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract, 46, 643-661.
- Hoppers SE, May ER, Frank LA (2020): Feline bilateral inflammatory aural polyps: a descriptive retrospective study. Vet Dermatol, 31, 385-e102.
- Hurst DS (2011): The role of allergy in otitis media with effusion. Otolaryngol Clin North Am, 44, 637-654.
- Hurst DS, Denne CM (2020): The Relation of Allergy to Eustachian Tube Dysfunction and the Subsequent Need for Insertion of Pressure Equalization Tubes. Ear Nose Throat J, 99, 39S-47S.
- Janssens SD, Haagsman AN, Ter Haar G (2017): Middle ear polyps: results of traction avulsion after a lateral approach to the ear canal in 62 cats (2004–2014). J Feline Med Surg, 19, 803-808.
- Jin CS, Majima Y, Hamaguchi Y, et al (1991): Quantitative histochemical study of secretory cells after short term tubal obstruction in the cat. Acta Otolaryngol, 111, 515-523.
- Juhn SK, Paparella MM, Goycoolea MV, et al (1977): Pathogenesis of Otitis Media. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol, 86, 481-492.
- Juszczak HM, Loftus PA (2020): Role of Allergy in Eustachian Tube Dysfunction. Cur Allergy Asthma Rep, 20, 10.
- Liberman MC, Rosowski JJ, Lewis RF (2010): Physiology and Pathophysiology: Sound Tranmission of Pathologic Ears. In: Merchant SN, Nadol JB, eds. Schuknecht’s Pathology of the Ear. Vol. 3rd ed. PMPH-USA.
- Lin J, Tsuboi Y, Rimell F, et al (2003): Expression of mucins in mucoid otitis media. JARO, 4, 384–393.
- O’Malley JT, Burgess BJ, Jones DD, et al (2009): Techniques of Celloidin Removal from Temporal Bone Sections. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol, 118, 435-441.
- Roland PS (2004): The formation and management of middle ear granulation tissue in chronic ear disease. Ear Nose Throat J, 83, 5-8.
- Seibert JW, Danner CJ (2006): Eustachian tube function and the middle ear. Otolaryngol Clin North Am, 39, 1221-1235.
- Smith ME, Tysome JR (2015): Tests of Eustachian tube function: a review. Clin Otolaryngol, 40, 300-311.
- Wilson D (2015): The efficacy of betahistine as treatment for eustachian tube dysfunction in an allergic rat model. Doctoral Thesis, Boston University, MA, USA.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Veterinary Surgery |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | March 24, 2023 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2023 |