Management of femoral fractures in dogs with unilateral semicircular external skeletal fixator-intramedullary pin tie-in configurations
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to report the use of semicircular external skeletal fixator-intramedullary pin tie-in configurations for management of femoral fractures in dogs. Twenty dogs (21 femoral fractures) with complete clinical and radiographic records for at least 24 weeks were included in the study. A unilateral, multiplanar, semicircular external skeletal fixator system was used in combination with intramedullary pin. Fracture description, history, frame configuration, complications, limb use, concomitant injury, fixator removal time, and functional outcome were evaluated. All of the fractures with sufficient follow up were healed. Eight dogs started to use the operated limb immediately after recovery from anaesthesia whereas initial limb use was 1 to 7 days in other dogs. Time for removal of the fixator ranged from 36 to 67 days (mean, 50 days). Functional outcome was excellent in 15 cases, good in 4 cases, fair in 1 case and poor in 1 case. As a result, it was concluded that semicircular external skeletal fixator intramedullary pin tie-in configurations can be used as an alternative for the management of the femoral fractures in dogs
References
- Aron D, Foutz T, Keller W, et al. (1991): Experimental and clinical experience with an IM pin external skeletal fixator tie-in configuration. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol, 4, 26-34.
- Aron D, Toombs J, Hollingsworth S (1986): Primary treatment of severe fractures by external skeletal fixation: Threaded pins compared with smooth pins. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc, 22, 659-670.
- Carmichael S (1991): The external fixator in small animal orthopaedics. J Small Anim Pract, 32, 486-493.
- Egger EL (1992): Instrumentation for external fixation. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract, 22, 19-43.
- Egger EL, Histand M, Blass C, et al. (1986): Effect of Fixation Pin Insertion on the Bone‐Pin Interface. Vet Surg, 15, 246-252.
- Farese JP, Lewis DD, Cross AR, et al. (2002): Use of IMEX SK-circular external fixator hybrid constructs for fracture stabilization in dogs and cats. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc, 38, 279-289.
- Johnson JA, Austin C, Breur GJ (1994): Incidence of canine appendicular musculoskeletal disorders in 16 veterinary teaching hospitals from 1980 through 1989. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol, 7, 5-18.
- Kirkby KA, Lewis DD, Lafuente MP, et al. (2008): Management of humeral and femoral fractures in dogs and cats with linear-circular hybrid external skeletal fixators. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc, 44, 180-197.
- Kraus KH, Toombs JP, Ness MG (2003): External fixation in small animal practice. Oxford: Blackwell Science, Oxford.
- Langley‐Hobbs S, Carmichael S, McCartney W (1996): Use of external skeletal fixators in the repair of femoral fractures in cats. J Small Anim Pract, 37, 95-101.
- Lincoln JD (1992): Treatment of open, delayed union, and nonunion fractures with external skeletal fixation. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract, 22, 195-207.
- Marcellin Little D (2003): Textbook of small animal surgery. 1818-1834. In: Slatter DH (Ed), External Skeletal Fixation. Saunders, Philadelphia.
- Marti J, Miller A (1994): Delimitation of safe corridors for the insertion of external fixator pins in the dog 1: Hindlimb. J Small Anim Pract, 35, 16-23.
- Özak A, Yardımcı C, Nisbet HÖ, et al. (2009): Treatment of long bone fractures with acrylic external fixation in dogs and cats: Retrospective study in 30 cases (2006-2008). Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg, 15, 615-622.
- Piermattei DL, Flo GL, DeCamp CE (2006): Brinker, Piermattei and Flo’s Handbook of Small Animal Orthopedics and Fracture Repair. 512-561. In: Piermattei D, Flo G, and CE D (Ed), Fractures of the Femur and Patella. Saunders, St. Louis.
- Piermattei DL, Johnson KA (2004): An atlas of surgical approaches to the bones and joints of the dog and cat. Saunders, Pennsylvania.
- Radke H, Aron DN, Applewhite A, et al. (2006): Biomechanical Analysis of Unilateral External Skeletal Fixators Combined with IM‐Pin and Without IM‐Pin Using Finite‐Element Method. Vet Surg, 35, 15-23.
- Shahar R, Shani Y (2004): Fracture stabilization with type II external fixator vs. type I external fixator with IM pin Finite element analysis. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol, 17, 91-96.
- Simpson DJ, Lewis DD (2003): Textbook of small animal surgery. 2059-2089. In: Slatter DH (Ed), Fractures of Femur. Saunders, Philedelphia.
- Whitehair JG, Vasseur PB (1992): Fractures of the femur. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract, 22, 149-159.
- Yardımcı C, Özak A, Nisbet HO (2011): Management of Femoral Fractures in Dogs with Unilateral Semicircular External Skeletal Fixators. Vet Surg, 40, 379-387.
Köpeklerde femur kırıklarının unilateral semisirküler eksternal fiksasyon intramedullar pin tie-inkombinasyonu ile sağaltımı
Abstract
Bu çalışmanın amacı köpek femur kırıklarının sağaltımında semisirküler eksternal fiksatör intramedullar pin tie-in kombinasyonu ile ilgili sonuçların sunulmasıdır. Çalışmada en az 24 haftalık klinik kaydı ve radyografik verisi bulunan 20 köpek (21 femur) yer aldı. Unilateral, multiplanar, semisirküler eksternal fiksasyon sistemi ile intramedullar pin kombinasyonu kullanıldı. Kırığın tipi, anamnez, çerçevenin konfigürasyonu, komplikasyonlar, bacağın kullanımı, eşlik eden lezyon, fiksatörün çıkarılma zamanı ve sonuçlar değerlendirildi. Bütün kırıklarda kaynama şekillendi. Sekiz olgu operasyondan hemen sonra ilgili bacağını kullanmaya başlarken diğer olgularda bu sürenin 1 ile 7 gün arasında değiştiği gözlendi. Fiksatörün uzaklaştırılma süresi 36 ila 67 gün (ortalama, 50 gün) arasında değişim gösterdi. Fonksiyonel değerlendirme, olguların 15’inde mükemmel, 4’ünde iyi, 1’inde orta ve 1’inde ise zayıf olarak değerlendirildi. Sonuç olarak, semisirküler eksternal fiksasyon intramedullar pin tie-in konfigürasyonunun, köpeklerin femur kırıklarında bir alternatif sağaltım yöntemi olarak kullanılabileceği kanısına varılmıştır
Keywords
References
- Aron D, Foutz T, Keller W, et al. (1991): Experimental and clinical experience with an IM pin external skeletal fixator tie-in configuration. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol, 4, 26-34.
- Aron D, Toombs J, Hollingsworth S (1986): Primary treatment of severe fractures by external skeletal fixation: Threaded pins compared with smooth pins. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc, 22, 659-670.
- Carmichael S (1991): The external fixator in small animal orthopaedics. J Small Anim Pract, 32, 486-493.
- Egger EL (1992): Instrumentation for external fixation. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract, 22, 19-43.
- Egger EL, Histand M, Blass C, et al. (1986): Effect of Fixation Pin Insertion on the Bone‐Pin Interface. Vet Surg, 15, 246-252.
- Farese JP, Lewis DD, Cross AR, et al. (2002): Use of IMEX SK-circular external fixator hybrid constructs for fracture stabilization in dogs and cats. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc, 38, 279-289.
- Johnson JA, Austin C, Breur GJ (1994): Incidence of canine appendicular musculoskeletal disorders in 16 veterinary teaching hospitals from 1980 through 1989. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol, 7, 5-18.
- Kirkby KA, Lewis DD, Lafuente MP, et al. (2008): Management of humeral and femoral fractures in dogs and cats with linear-circular hybrid external skeletal fixators. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc, 44, 180-197.
- Kraus KH, Toombs JP, Ness MG (2003): External fixation in small animal practice. Oxford: Blackwell Science, Oxford.
- Langley‐Hobbs S, Carmichael S, McCartney W (1996): Use of external skeletal fixators in the repair of femoral fractures in cats. J Small Anim Pract, 37, 95-101.
- Lincoln JD (1992): Treatment of open, delayed union, and nonunion fractures with external skeletal fixation. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract, 22, 195-207.
- Marcellin Little D (2003): Textbook of small animal surgery. 1818-1834. In: Slatter DH (Ed), External Skeletal Fixation. Saunders, Philadelphia.
- Marti J, Miller A (1994): Delimitation of safe corridors for the insertion of external fixator pins in the dog 1: Hindlimb. J Small Anim Pract, 35, 16-23.
- Özak A, Yardımcı C, Nisbet HÖ, et al. (2009): Treatment of long bone fractures with acrylic external fixation in dogs and cats: Retrospective study in 30 cases (2006-2008). Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg, 15, 615-622.
- Piermattei DL, Flo GL, DeCamp CE (2006): Brinker, Piermattei and Flo’s Handbook of Small Animal Orthopedics and Fracture Repair. 512-561. In: Piermattei D, Flo G, and CE D (Ed), Fractures of the Femur and Patella. Saunders, St. Louis.
- Piermattei DL, Johnson KA (2004): An atlas of surgical approaches to the bones and joints of the dog and cat. Saunders, Pennsylvania.
- Radke H, Aron DN, Applewhite A, et al. (2006): Biomechanical Analysis of Unilateral External Skeletal Fixators Combined with IM‐Pin and Without IM‐Pin Using Finite‐Element Method. Vet Surg, 35, 15-23.
- Shahar R, Shani Y (2004): Fracture stabilization with type II external fixator vs. type I external fixator with IM pin Finite element analysis. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol, 17, 91-96.
- Simpson DJ, Lewis DD (2003): Textbook of small animal surgery. 2059-2089. In: Slatter DH (Ed), Fractures of Femur. Saunders, Philedelphia.
- Whitehair JG, Vasseur PB (1992): Fractures of the femur. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract, 22, 149-159.
- Yardımcı C, Özak A, Nisbet HO (2011): Management of Femoral Fractures in Dogs with Unilateral Semicircular External Skeletal Fixators. Vet Surg, 40, 379-387.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Veterinary Surgery |
| Other ID | JA23VH62SF |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | June 1, 2018 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2018Volume: 65 Issue: 2 |