Letter to Editor
A modified S10B silicone plastination method for preparation and preservation of scaled reptile specimens
Abstract
Preparation and long-time preservation of reptile specimens need a meticulous work. Plastination is a convenient method to create real-like and durable specimens. However, the basic steps of silicone plastination should be changed or modified depending on the anatomical or histological features of the reptile species. Various species of scaled reptiles were plastinated for this research. The aim of this study was to evaluate the silicone plastination of scaled reptiles in a detailed manner and to create a fast but convenient protocol to obtain useful plastinates. Final products have revealed that padding with the acetone resistant and quick drying polymers before the fixation step was quite effective to provide a better anatomic form and position especially in hollow structures. Proper use of polyethylene glycol may help researchers to prevent superficial drying and adhesion of excess polymers and to inhibit the mould growth during the fixation stage. It is considered that preparation of reptile specimens with this modified plastination method will be efficacious for practical teaching of reptiles
Keywords
References
- Al Aiyan A, Weigner J, Lübke-Becker A, et al. (2012): Long term study on microbial status in anatomical cadaver fixation using reduced formalin concetration. BJVM, 15, 74.
- Alworth LC, Hernandez SM, Divers SJ (2011): Laboratory reptile surgery: Principles and techniques. J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci, 50, 11-26.
- Bakıcı C, Ekim O, Akgün RO, et al. (2015): Silicone plastination of nerve tissue with different impregnation polymers: Evaluate the effects of pigmentation on the final products. 9th National Veterinary Anatomy Congress. Elazığ. 7-10 September 2015. p 81-82.
- Bartlett RD (2006): The 25 Best Reptile and Amphibian Pets. Barron’s Educational Series Inc. New York.
- Bickley HC, Walker AN, Jackson RL, et al. (1987): Preservation of pathology specimens by silicone plastination. An innovative adjunct to pathology education. Am J Clin Pathol, 88, 220-223.
- Bradbury SA, Hoshino K (1978): An improved embalming procedure for long lasting preervation of the cadaver for the anatomical study. Acta Anat Basel, 101, 97-103.
- Brenner E (2014): Human body preservation- old and new techniques. J Anat, 224, 316-344.
- Brown MA, Reed RB, Henry RW (2002): Effects of dehydration mediums and temperature on total dehydration time and tissue shrinkage. J Int Soc Plastination, 17, 28-33.
- de Jong K, Henry RW (2007): Silicone plastination of biological tissue: Cold-temperature technique BiodurTM S10/S15 Technique and Products. J Int Soc Plastination, 22, 2-14.
- Demirsoy A (1992): Yaşamın Temel Kuralları Omurgalılar / Amniyota, Sürüngenler, Kuşlar ve Memeliler. I. Baskı, Meteksan A.Ş. Ankara.
- Ekim O, İnsal B, Bakıcı C, et al. (2014): Yılanlarda soğuk ortam tekniği ile tüm vücut silikon plastinasyonu. Dicle Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 1, 9-22.
- Ekim O, Tunalı S, Hazıroğlu RM, et al. (2014): Evcil memeli hayvanlarda böbreklerin soğuk ortam tekniği ile silikon plastinasyonu. Vet Hekim Der Derg, 85, 1-11.
- Henry RW, Janick L, Henry C (1997): Specimen preparation for silicone plastination. J Int Soc Plastination, 12, 13-17.
- Janczyk P, Weigner J, Luebke-Becker A (2011): A pilot study on ethanol-polyethylene glycol-formalin fixation of farm animal cadavers. Berl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr, 124, 225-227.
- Jensen B, Nyengaard JR, Pedersen M, et al. (2010): Anatomy of the python heart. Anat Sci Int, 85, 194-203.
- Kumro SL, Crocker AV, Powell RL (2013): Injection plastination: A low-tech, inexpensive method for silicone preservation of small vertebrates. J Int Soc Plastination, 25, 12-17.
- Lewbart GA, Kishimori J, Christian LS (2005): The North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine Turtle Rescue Team: A model for a successful wild-reptile clinic. J Vet Med Educ, 32, 377-81.
- Licciardi J (2014): Reptiles and amphibians as pets. JAVMA, 245, 629.
- MacDonald GJ, MacGregor DB (1997): Procedures for embalming cadavers for the dissecting laboratory. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med, 215, 363-365.
- Marks DL, Chaney EJ, Boppart SA (2008): Plastinated tissue samples as three-dimensional models for optical instrument characterization. Opt Express, 16, 16272- 16273.
- McDiarmid RW, Foster MS, Guyer C, et al. (2012): Reptile Biodiversity: Standard Methods for Inventory and Monitoring. University of California Press Ltd, London.
- Miklosová M, Miklos V (2004): Plastination with silicone method S 10-monitoring and analysis causes of failure. Biomed Papers, 148, 237-238.
- Oostrom K (1987): Fixation of tissue for plastination: General principles. J Int Soc Plastination, 1, 3-11.
- Pashaei S (2010): A brief review on the history, methods and applications of plastination. Int J Morphol, 28, 1075- 1079.
- Pendovski L, Ilieki V, Nikolovski G (2004): Silicone plastination of a malpositioned long-term formalin-fixed green iguana. J Int Soc Plastination, 19, 40-42.
- Ravi SB, Bhat VM (2011): Plastination: A novel, innovative teaching adjunct in oral pathology. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol, 15, 133-137.
- Riderer BM (2014): Plastination and its importance in Critical teaching preservation of human tissue. J Anat, 224, 309-315.
- Riepertinger A (1988): Fixation of the brain plastination: Special considerations. J Int Soc Plastination, 2, 8-12.
- Sagoo MG, Adds PJ (2013): Low-temperature dehydration and room-temperature impregnation of brain slices using BiodurTM S10/S3. J Int Soc Plastination, 25, 3-8.
- Schenk AN, Souza MJ (2014): Major anthropogenic causes for and outcomes of wild animal presentation to a wildlife clinic in east tennessee, USA, 2000-2011. PLoS One, 9, e393517.
- Sirinivasan M, Sedmak D, Jewell S (2002): Effect of fixatives and tissue processing on the content and integrity of nucleic acids. Am J Pathol, 161, 1961-1971.
- Sughanty J, Francis DV (2012): Plastination using standart S10 technique – our experience in christian medical college, vellore. J Anat Soc India, 61, 44-47.
- Walsh SA, Barrett PM, Milner AC (2009): Inner ear anatomy is a proxy for deducing auditory capability and behaviour in reptiles and birds. Proc R Soc B, 276, 1355- 1360.
- Weiglein AH, Henry RW (1993): Curing (Hardening, polymerization) of the polymer – BiodurTM S10. J Int Soc Plastination, 7, 32-35.
- Wendel H, Stark R, Plendl J (2008): Plastination of reptiles for veterinary education. 14th International Conference on Plastination. July 20-26, 2008. J Int Soc Plastination, 23, 62-63.
- Zheng WX, Zhou JN, Yu SB, et al. (2013): Effects of time and temperature of curing on hardness of organs in silicone plastination. Acta Anatomica Sinica, 44, 368-371.
- Zwart P (1964): Studies on renal pathology in reptiles. Path Vet, 1, 542-556. Geliş tarihi: 21.01.2016 / Kabul tarihi: 06.10.2016 Address for correspondence: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Okan Ekim Ankara University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Department of Anatomy 06110 Altindag / Ankara - TURKEY Phone: +905325937295 E-mail: okanekim@yahoo.com
Pullu sürüngen örneklerinin hazırlanması ve muhafazası için modifiye S10B silikon plastinasyonu metodu
Abstract
Sürüngen preparatlarının hazırlanması ve uzun süreli muhafazası faaliyetleri, titiz bir çalışma gerektirir. Plastinasyon; dayanıklı ve gerçeğe özdeş görünümlü örnekler yaratabilmek için amaca yönelik bir metottur. Fakat sürüngen türlerinin anatomik ve histolojik özelliklerine bağlı olarak; silikon plastinasyonunun temel aşamalarında değişiklik veya modifikasyonlar yapılması gerekebilir. Bu araştırma için çeşitli pullu sürüngen türleri plastine edildi. Bu çalışmadaki amaç; sürüngen örnekler için silikon plastinasyonu işlemini detaylı bir şekilde değerlendirmek, faydalı plastinatlar elde edebilmek adına hızlı fakat amaca yönelik bir plastinasyon protokolü geliştirebilmekti. Elde edilen son ürünler, fiksasyon işlemi öncesi örneklerde asetona dayanıklı, hızlı sertleşen polimer dolgu malzemelerinin kullanılmasının, özellikle boşluklu yapılarda daha iyi anatomik form ve pozisyonu sağlayabilmek bakımından çok etkin olduğunu ortaya çıkarmıştır. Fiksasyon süreci boyunca polietilen glikol’ün örnekler üzerinde uygun kullanımının, yüzeyel kurumayı önlemesi, küf mantarı aktivitesini baskılaması, fazla polimerin örnek yüzeyine yapışmasını önlemesi açısından araştırıcılara yardımcı olacağı düşünülmektedir. Çeşitli sürüngen örneklerinin belirtilen modifiye silikon plastinasyon metodu ile hazırlanmasının, sürüngenlerin uygulamalı öğretimi için çok faydalı olacağı öngörülmüştür
Keywords
References
- Al Aiyan A, Weigner J, Lübke-Becker A, et al. (2012): Long term study on microbial status in anatomical cadaver fixation using reduced formalin concetration. BJVM, 15, 74.
- Alworth LC, Hernandez SM, Divers SJ (2011): Laboratory reptile surgery: Principles and techniques. J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci, 50, 11-26.
- Bakıcı C, Ekim O, Akgün RO, et al. (2015): Silicone plastination of nerve tissue with different impregnation polymers: Evaluate the effects of pigmentation on the final products. 9th National Veterinary Anatomy Congress. Elazığ. 7-10 September 2015. p 81-82.
- Bartlett RD (2006): The 25 Best Reptile and Amphibian Pets. Barron’s Educational Series Inc. New York.
- Bickley HC, Walker AN, Jackson RL, et al. (1987): Preservation of pathology specimens by silicone plastination. An innovative adjunct to pathology education. Am J Clin Pathol, 88, 220-223.
- Bradbury SA, Hoshino K (1978): An improved embalming procedure for long lasting preervation of the cadaver for the anatomical study. Acta Anat Basel, 101, 97-103.
- Brenner E (2014): Human body preservation- old and new techniques. J Anat, 224, 316-344.
- Brown MA, Reed RB, Henry RW (2002): Effects of dehydration mediums and temperature on total dehydration time and tissue shrinkage. J Int Soc Plastination, 17, 28-33.
- de Jong K, Henry RW (2007): Silicone plastination of biological tissue: Cold-temperature technique BiodurTM S10/S15 Technique and Products. J Int Soc Plastination, 22, 2-14.
- Demirsoy A (1992): Yaşamın Temel Kuralları Omurgalılar / Amniyota, Sürüngenler, Kuşlar ve Memeliler. I. Baskı, Meteksan A.Ş. Ankara.
- Ekim O, İnsal B, Bakıcı C, et al. (2014): Yılanlarda soğuk ortam tekniği ile tüm vücut silikon plastinasyonu. Dicle Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 1, 9-22.
- Ekim O, Tunalı S, Hazıroğlu RM, et al. (2014): Evcil memeli hayvanlarda böbreklerin soğuk ortam tekniği ile silikon plastinasyonu. Vet Hekim Der Derg, 85, 1-11.
- Henry RW, Janick L, Henry C (1997): Specimen preparation for silicone plastination. J Int Soc Plastination, 12, 13-17.
- Janczyk P, Weigner J, Luebke-Becker A (2011): A pilot study on ethanol-polyethylene glycol-formalin fixation of farm animal cadavers. Berl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr, 124, 225-227.
- Jensen B, Nyengaard JR, Pedersen M, et al. (2010): Anatomy of the python heart. Anat Sci Int, 85, 194-203.
- Kumro SL, Crocker AV, Powell RL (2013): Injection plastination: A low-tech, inexpensive method for silicone preservation of small vertebrates. J Int Soc Plastination, 25, 12-17.
- Lewbart GA, Kishimori J, Christian LS (2005): The North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine Turtle Rescue Team: A model for a successful wild-reptile clinic. J Vet Med Educ, 32, 377-81.
- Licciardi J (2014): Reptiles and amphibians as pets. JAVMA, 245, 629.
- MacDonald GJ, MacGregor DB (1997): Procedures for embalming cadavers for the dissecting laboratory. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med, 215, 363-365.
- Marks DL, Chaney EJ, Boppart SA (2008): Plastinated tissue samples as three-dimensional models for optical instrument characterization. Opt Express, 16, 16272- 16273.
- McDiarmid RW, Foster MS, Guyer C, et al. (2012): Reptile Biodiversity: Standard Methods for Inventory and Monitoring. University of California Press Ltd, London.
- Miklosová M, Miklos V (2004): Plastination with silicone method S 10-monitoring and analysis causes of failure. Biomed Papers, 148, 237-238.
- Oostrom K (1987): Fixation of tissue for plastination: General principles. J Int Soc Plastination, 1, 3-11.
- Pashaei S (2010): A brief review on the history, methods and applications of plastination. Int J Morphol, 28, 1075- 1079.
- Pendovski L, Ilieki V, Nikolovski G (2004): Silicone plastination of a malpositioned long-term formalin-fixed green iguana. J Int Soc Plastination, 19, 40-42.
- Ravi SB, Bhat VM (2011): Plastination: A novel, innovative teaching adjunct in oral pathology. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol, 15, 133-137.
- Riderer BM (2014): Plastination and its importance in Critical teaching preservation of human tissue. J Anat, 224, 309-315.
- Riepertinger A (1988): Fixation of the brain plastination: Special considerations. J Int Soc Plastination, 2, 8-12.
- Sagoo MG, Adds PJ (2013): Low-temperature dehydration and room-temperature impregnation of brain slices using BiodurTM S10/S3. J Int Soc Plastination, 25, 3-8.
- Schenk AN, Souza MJ (2014): Major anthropogenic causes for and outcomes of wild animal presentation to a wildlife clinic in east tennessee, USA, 2000-2011. PLoS One, 9, e393517.
- Sirinivasan M, Sedmak D, Jewell S (2002): Effect of fixatives and tissue processing on the content and integrity of nucleic acids. Am J Pathol, 161, 1961-1971.
- Sughanty J, Francis DV (2012): Plastination using standart S10 technique – our experience in christian medical college, vellore. J Anat Soc India, 61, 44-47.
- Walsh SA, Barrett PM, Milner AC (2009): Inner ear anatomy is a proxy for deducing auditory capability and behaviour in reptiles and birds. Proc R Soc B, 276, 1355- 1360.
- Weiglein AH, Henry RW (1993): Curing (Hardening, polymerization) of the polymer – BiodurTM S10. J Int Soc Plastination, 7, 32-35.
- Wendel H, Stark R, Plendl J (2008): Plastination of reptiles for veterinary education. 14th International Conference on Plastination. July 20-26, 2008. J Int Soc Plastination, 23, 62-63.
- Zheng WX, Zhou JN, Yu SB, et al. (2013): Effects of time and temperature of curing on hardness of organs in silicone plastination. Acta Anatomica Sinica, 44, 368-371.
- Zwart P (1964): Studies on renal pathology in reptiles. Path Vet, 1, 542-556. Geliş tarihi: 21.01.2016 / Kabul tarihi: 06.10.2016 Address for correspondence: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Okan Ekim Ankara University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Department of Anatomy 06110 Altindag / Ankara - TURKEY Phone: +905325937295 E-mail: okanekim@yahoo.com
There are 37 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Veterinary Surgery |
| Other ID | JA27SA46JN |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | September 1, 2017 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2017Volume: 64 Issue: 3 |