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The species of ticks bites on human and their seasonal distribution inAnkara, Turkey

Year 2016, Volume: 63 Issue: 2, 115 - 119, 01.06.2016

Yunus Emre Beyhan Mesut Mungan Cahit Babur

https://doi.org/10.1501/Vetfak_0000002718
Cited By: 6

Abstract

Ticks (Acari: Ixodoidea) are among the most significant blood-sucking arthropods worldwide. In humans, they can cause severe toxic conditions such as paralyses, irritation and allergy. Besides these, they transmit a great variety of infectious diseases caused by viral, bacterial and protozoal agents, including Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) virus. This study was performed for evaluation of received 1562 samples from humans with the complaint of tick bite to National Parasitology Reference Laboratories between January 2011 and December 2013. Ticks were taken directly into 70% alcohol and have been identified under the stereo microscope. It was found that 1497 (95.84%) were ticks, 39 were (2.50%) artifacts such as scab and blood clots, 22 (1.41%) were different arthropods of non-medical importance, 3 were (0.19%) pubic lice (Pthirus pubis), 1 was (0.06%) bedbug (Cimex lectularius). The ticks were identified as follows: 322 Rhipicephalus sangiuneus group, 241 Haemaphysalis parva, 188 Hyalomma marginatum, 175 Hyalomma spp. nymph, 138 Rhipicephalus spp. nymph, 109 Rhipicephalus bursa, 79 Ixodes ricinus, 68 Dermacentor marginatus, 59 H. anatolicum, 52 H. detritum, 17 H. excavatum, 9 Haemaphysalis punctata, 8 Ixodes spp. nymph, 1 Haemaphysalis spp. larva, 1 Haemaphysalis spp. nymph and 1 Argas spp. 29 ticks could not be identified, since they had morphological abnormalities or deficiencies. During January to December, tick bites were reported in all of the months. Most cases were occurred between April and September; 365 (24.38%) cases in June and 298 (19.91%) in July. In recent years, people have become more susceptible to infestations with ticks and other ectoparasites. So, it is concluded that informing the public about ticks, tick borne diseases and teaching them the ways to protect would be useful

Keywords

Ankara human tick tick bite

References

  • 1. Albayrak H, Ozan E, Kurt M (2010): An antigenic investigation of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) in hard ticks from provinces in northern Turkey. Trop Anim Health Prod, 42, 1323-1325.
  • 2. Anderson JF, Magnarelli LA (2008): Biology of ticks. Infect Dis Clin North Am, 22, 195-215.
  • 3. Aydin L, Bakirci S (2007): Geographical distribution of ticks in Turkey. Parasitol Res, 101, 163-166.
  • 4. Bakirci S, Aysul N, Eren H, Unlu AH, Karagenc T (2014): Diversity of ticks biting humans in Aydin province of Turkey. Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg, 61, 93-98.
  • 5. Bursali A, Keskin A, Tekin S (2012): A review of the ticks (Acari: Ixodida) of Turkey: species diversity, hosts and geographical distribution. Exp Appl Acarol, 57, 91- 104.
  • 6. Dantas-Torres F, Otranto D (2013): Species diversity and abundance of ticks in three habitats in southern Italy. Ticks Tick Borne Dis, 4, 251-255
  • 7. Celebi S, Aydin L, Hacimustafaoglu M, Celik U, Cakir D, Emir BR, Cetin M (2010): Evaluation of Children Cases Admitted for Tick Bite in Uludag University Medicine of Faculty. J Pediatr Inf, 4, 133-137.
  • 8. de la Fuente J, Estrada Pena A, Venzal JM, Kocan KM, Sonenshine DE (2008): Overview: Ticks as vectors of pathogens that cause disease in humans and animals. Front Biosci, 13, 6938-6946.
  • 9. Eren SH, Celiksoz A, Korkmaz I, Kukul Guven FM, Oguzturk H (2010): Distributions of genera and species of ticks extracted from cases with tick biting in region of Sivas. Cumhuriyet Med J, 32, 2-8.
  • 10. Estrada-Pena A, Bouattour A, Camicas JL, Walker AR (2004): Ticks of domestic animals in the Mediterranean region. A guide of identification of species. University of Zaragoza Press, Zaragoza.
  • 11. Estrada-Pena A, Jongejan F (1999): Ticks feeding on humans: a review of records on human-biting Ixodoidea with special reference to pathogen transmission. Exp Appl Acarol, 23, 685-715.
  • 12. Gargili A, Kar S, Yilmazer N, Cerit C, Sonmez G, Sahin F, Alp HG, Vatansever Z (2010): Evaluation of ticks biting humans in Thrace province, Turkey. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg, 16, 141-146.
  • 13. Gargili A, Kar S, Yilmazer N, Ergonul O, Vatansever Z (2011): Different abundances of human-biting ticks in two neighboring provinces in Turkey. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg, 17, 93-97.
  • 14. Gubler DJ (1998): Resurgent vector-borne diseases as a global health problem. Emerg Infect Dis, 4, 442-450.
  • 15. Hainesa A, Kovatsa RS, Campbell-Lendrumb D, Corvalan C (2006): Climate change and human health: Impacts, vulnerability and public health. Public Health, 120, 585-596.
  • 16. Jongejan F, Uilenberg G (2004): The global importance of ticks. Parasitol, 129, 3-14.
  • 17. Kar S, Dervis E, Akin A, Ergonul O, Gargili A (2013): Preferences of different tick species for human hosts in Turkey. Exp Appl Acarol, 61, 349-355.
  • 18. Karaer Z, Guven E, Nalbantoğlu S, Kar S, Orkun O, Ekdal K, Kocak A, Akcay A (2011): Tics on humans in Ankara, Turkey. Exp Appl Acarol, 54, 85-91.
  • 19. Karaer Z, Yukarı BA and Aydın L (1997): Türkiye keneleri ve vektörlükleri. 363-434. In: Ozcel MA, Daldal N (Eds), Parazitolojide Arhropod Hastalıkları ve Vektörler. Turkiye Parazitoloji Dernegi, Yayın no: 13, Izmir.
  • 20. Klompen JSH, Black WC, Keirans JE, Oliver JH (1996): Evolution of ticks. Annu Rev Entomol, 41, 141- 161.
  • 21. Labuda M, Nuttall PA (2004): Tick-borne viruses. Parasitol, 129, 221-245.
  • 22. Over L, Inceboz T, Yapar N, Bakirci S, Gunay T, Akisu C (2012): Investigation of the Cases Presenting to Dokuz Eylul University Hospital with Tick Bites. Türkiye Parasitol Derg, 36, 75-81.
  • 23. Petney TN, Skuballa J, Muders S, Pfaffle M, Zetlmeisl C, Oehme R (2012): The cahanging distrubition patterns of ticks (ixodida) in Europe in relation to Emerging tick borne diseases. 151-167. In: Mehlhorn H (Ed), Parasitology Research Monographs 3. Arthropods as vectors of Emerging Diseases. Heidelberg, Springer, New York.
  • 24. Randolph SE (2004): Evidence that climate change has caused ‘emergence’ of tick-borne diseases in Europe? Int J Med Microbiol, 293, 5-15.
  • 25. Sonenshine DE (1993): Biology of ticks. Oxford University Press, New York.
  • 26. Vatansever Z, Gargili A, Aysul NS, Sengoz G, EstradaPena A (2008): Ticks biting humans in the urban area of Istanbul. Parasitol Res, 102, 551-553.
  • 27. Walker AR, Bouattour A, Camicas JL, Estrada-Pena A, Horak IG, Latif AA, Pegram RG, Preston PM (2003): Ticks of domestic animals in Africa. A guide to identification of species. Bioscience Reports, Scotland, UK.
  • 28. Walker JB, Keirans JE, Horak IG (1999): The genus Rhipicephalus (Acari, Ixodidae). A guide to the brown ticks of the world. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
  • 29. Whitehouse CA (2004): Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever. Antivir Res, 6, 145-160.
  • 30. Yilmaz GR, Buzgan T, Irmak H, Safran A, Uzun R, Cevik MA (2009): The epidemiology of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in Turkey, 2002-2007. Int J Infect Dis, 13, 380-386.

Ankara’da insanlara tutunan kene türleri ve mevsimsel dağılımları

Year 2016, Volume: 63 Issue: 2, 115 - 119, 01.06.2016

Yunus Emre Beyhan Mesut Mungan Cahit Babur

https://doi.org/10.1501/Vetfak_0000002718
Cited By: 6

Abstract

Keneler (Acari: Ixodoidea) dünyadaki en önemli kan emen artropodlar arasındadır. İnsanlarda felç, irritasyon ve allerji gibi ciddi toksik durumlara neden olabilirler. Bunların yanı sıra Kırım Kongo Kanamalı Ateşi (KKKA) virüsünün de dahil olduğu viral, bakteriyel ve protozoer etkenler tarafından oluşturulan birçok enfeksiyon hastalığını bulaştırırlar. Bu çalışma Ocak 2011 ve Aralık 2013 tarihleri arasında Ulusal Parazitoloji Referans Merkez Laboratuvarına kene tutunması şikayeti ile başvuran kişilerden elde edilen 1562 adet örneğin değerlendirilmesi için yapılmıştır. Keneler doğrudan %70’lik etil alkol içine alınmış ve stereomikroskop altında teşhis edilmiştir. Bunların 1497’si (%95,84) kene olup, 39’u (%2,50) artefakt (yara kabuğu, kan pıhtısı vb.), 22’si (%1,41) medikal önemi olmayan artropod, 3’ü (%0,19) kasık biti (Pthirus pubis) ve 1’i (%0,06) de tahtakurusu (Cimex lectularius) olarak bulunmuştur. Kenelerin 322’si Rhipicephalus sangiuneus, 241’i Haemaphysalis parva, 188’i Hyalomma marginatum, 175’i Hyalomma spp. nimf, 138’i Rhipicephalus spp. nimf, 109’u Rhipicephalus bursa, 79’u Ixodes ricinus, 68’i Dermacentor marginatus, 59’u H. anatolicum, 52’si H. detritum, 17’si H. excavatum, 9’u Haemaphysalis punctata, 8’si Ixodes spp. nimf, 1’i Haemaphysalis spp. larva, 1’i Haemaphysalis spp. nimf ve 1’i Argas spp. olarak teşhis edilmiştir. Morfolojik bozukluğu veya eksikliği olan 29 kenenin ise tanımı yapılamamıştır. Ocak-Aralık arasında, tüm aylarda kene tutunması vakalarına rastlanmıştır. Olguların, 365’i (%24,38) Haziran ve 298’i Temmuz (%19,91) ayında olmak üzere çoğu Nisan-Eylül ayları arasında bildirilmiştir. Kırım Kongo Kanamalı Ateşi hastalığı nedeniyle insanlar son yıllarda kene ve diğer artropod enfestasyonlarına karşı daha duyarlı hale gelmişlerdir. Bu yüzden, keneler, bulaştırdıkları hastalıklar ve korunma yolları ile halkın bilgilendirmesinin doğru olacağı düşünülmektedir

Keywords

Ankara insan kene kene tutunması

References

  • 1. Albayrak H, Ozan E, Kurt M (2010): An antigenic investigation of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) in hard ticks from provinces in northern Turkey. Trop Anim Health Prod, 42, 1323-1325.
  • 2. Anderson JF, Magnarelli LA (2008): Biology of ticks. Infect Dis Clin North Am, 22, 195-215.
  • 3. Aydin L, Bakirci S (2007): Geographical distribution of ticks in Turkey. Parasitol Res, 101, 163-166.
  • 4. Bakirci S, Aysul N, Eren H, Unlu AH, Karagenc T (2014): Diversity of ticks biting humans in Aydin province of Turkey. Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg, 61, 93-98.
  • 5. Bursali A, Keskin A, Tekin S (2012): A review of the ticks (Acari: Ixodida) of Turkey: species diversity, hosts and geographical distribution. Exp Appl Acarol, 57, 91- 104.
  • 6. Dantas-Torres F, Otranto D (2013): Species diversity and abundance of ticks in three habitats in southern Italy. Ticks Tick Borne Dis, 4, 251-255
  • 7. Celebi S, Aydin L, Hacimustafaoglu M, Celik U, Cakir D, Emir BR, Cetin M (2010): Evaluation of Children Cases Admitted for Tick Bite in Uludag University Medicine of Faculty. J Pediatr Inf, 4, 133-137.
  • 8. de la Fuente J, Estrada Pena A, Venzal JM, Kocan KM, Sonenshine DE (2008): Overview: Ticks as vectors of pathogens that cause disease in humans and animals. Front Biosci, 13, 6938-6946.
  • 9. Eren SH, Celiksoz A, Korkmaz I, Kukul Guven FM, Oguzturk H (2010): Distributions of genera and species of ticks extracted from cases with tick biting in region of Sivas. Cumhuriyet Med J, 32, 2-8.
  • 10. Estrada-Pena A, Bouattour A, Camicas JL, Walker AR (2004): Ticks of domestic animals in the Mediterranean region. A guide of identification of species. University of Zaragoza Press, Zaragoza.
  • 11. Estrada-Pena A, Jongejan F (1999): Ticks feeding on humans: a review of records on human-biting Ixodoidea with special reference to pathogen transmission. Exp Appl Acarol, 23, 685-715.
  • 12. Gargili A, Kar S, Yilmazer N, Cerit C, Sonmez G, Sahin F, Alp HG, Vatansever Z (2010): Evaluation of ticks biting humans in Thrace province, Turkey. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg, 16, 141-146.
  • 13. Gargili A, Kar S, Yilmazer N, Ergonul O, Vatansever Z (2011): Different abundances of human-biting ticks in two neighboring provinces in Turkey. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg, 17, 93-97.
  • 14. Gubler DJ (1998): Resurgent vector-borne diseases as a global health problem. Emerg Infect Dis, 4, 442-450.
  • 15. Hainesa A, Kovatsa RS, Campbell-Lendrumb D, Corvalan C (2006): Climate change and human health: Impacts, vulnerability and public health. Public Health, 120, 585-596.
  • 16. Jongejan F, Uilenberg G (2004): The global importance of ticks. Parasitol, 129, 3-14.
  • 17. Kar S, Dervis E, Akin A, Ergonul O, Gargili A (2013): Preferences of different tick species for human hosts in Turkey. Exp Appl Acarol, 61, 349-355.
  • 18. Karaer Z, Guven E, Nalbantoğlu S, Kar S, Orkun O, Ekdal K, Kocak A, Akcay A (2011): Tics on humans in Ankara, Turkey. Exp Appl Acarol, 54, 85-91.
  • 19. Karaer Z, Yukarı BA and Aydın L (1997): Türkiye keneleri ve vektörlükleri. 363-434. In: Ozcel MA, Daldal N (Eds), Parazitolojide Arhropod Hastalıkları ve Vektörler. Turkiye Parazitoloji Dernegi, Yayın no: 13, Izmir.
  • 20. Klompen JSH, Black WC, Keirans JE, Oliver JH (1996): Evolution of ticks. Annu Rev Entomol, 41, 141- 161.
  • 21. Labuda M, Nuttall PA (2004): Tick-borne viruses. Parasitol, 129, 221-245.
  • 22. Over L, Inceboz T, Yapar N, Bakirci S, Gunay T, Akisu C (2012): Investigation of the Cases Presenting to Dokuz Eylul University Hospital with Tick Bites. Türkiye Parasitol Derg, 36, 75-81.
  • 23. Petney TN, Skuballa J, Muders S, Pfaffle M, Zetlmeisl C, Oehme R (2012): The cahanging distrubition patterns of ticks (ixodida) in Europe in relation to Emerging tick borne diseases. 151-167. In: Mehlhorn H (Ed), Parasitology Research Monographs 3. Arthropods as vectors of Emerging Diseases. Heidelberg, Springer, New York.
  • 24. Randolph SE (2004): Evidence that climate change has caused ‘emergence’ of tick-borne diseases in Europe? Int J Med Microbiol, 293, 5-15.
  • 25. Sonenshine DE (1993): Biology of ticks. Oxford University Press, New York.
  • 26. Vatansever Z, Gargili A, Aysul NS, Sengoz G, EstradaPena A (2008): Ticks biting humans in the urban area of Istanbul. Parasitol Res, 102, 551-553.
  • 27. Walker AR, Bouattour A, Camicas JL, Estrada-Pena A, Horak IG, Latif AA, Pegram RG, Preston PM (2003): Ticks of domestic animals in Africa. A guide to identification of species. Bioscience Reports, Scotland, UK.
  • 28. Walker JB, Keirans JE, Horak IG (1999): The genus Rhipicephalus (Acari, Ixodidae). A guide to the brown ticks of the world. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
  • 29. Whitehouse CA (2004): Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever. Antivir Res, 6, 145-160.
  • 30. Yilmaz GR, Buzgan T, Irmak H, Safran A, Uzun R, Cevik MA (2009): The epidemiology of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in Turkey, 2002-2007. Int J Infect Dis, 13, 380-386.
There are 30 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Veterinary Surgery
Other ID JA86ZH68HE
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Yunus Emre Beyhan

Mesut Mungan

Cahit Babur

Publication Date June 1, 2016
Published in Issue Year 2016Volume: 63 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Beyhan, Y. E., Mungan, M., & Babur, C. (2016). The species of ticks bites on human and their seasonal distribution inAnkara, Turkey. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 63(2), 115-119. https://doi.org/10.1501/Vetfak_0000002718
AMA Beyhan YE, Mungan M, Babur C. The species of ticks bites on human and their seasonal distribution inAnkara, Turkey. Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg. June 2016;63(2):115-119. doi:10.1501/Vetfak_0000002718
Chicago Beyhan, Yunus Emre, Mesut Mungan, and Cahit Babur. “The Species of Ticks Bites on Human and Their Seasonal Distribution InAnkara, Turkey”. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 63, no. 2 (June 2016): 115-19. https://doi.org/10.1501/Vetfak_0000002718.
EndNote Beyhan YE, Mungan M, Babur C (June 1, 2016) The species of ticks bites on human and their seasonal distribution inAnkara, Turkey. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 63 2 115–119.
IEEE Y. E. Beyhan, M. Mungan, and C. Babur, “The species of ticks bites on human and their seasonal distribution inAnkara, Turkey”, Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg, vol. 63, no. 2, pp. 115–119, 2016, doi: 10.1501/Vetfak_0000002718.
ISNAD Beyhan, Yunus Emre et al. “The Species of Ticks Bites on Human and Their Seasonal Distribution InAnkara, Turkey”. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 63/2 (June 2016), 115-119. https://doi.org/10.1501/Vetfak_0000002718.
JAMA Beyhan YE, Mungan M, Babur C. The species of ticks bites on human and their seasonal distribution inAnkara, Turkey. Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2016;63:115–119.
MLA Beyhan, Yunus Emre et al. “The Species of Ticks Bites on Human and Their Seasonal Distribution InAnkara, Turkey”. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 63, no. 2, 2016, pp. 115-9, doi:10.1501/Vetfak_0000002718.
Vancouver Beyhan YE, Mungan M, Babur C. The species of ticks bites on human and their seasonal distribution inAnkara, Turkey. Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2016;63(2):115-9.

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