Letter to Editor
Effects of heat conditioning and dietary ascorbic acid supplementation on growth performance, carcass and meat quality characteristics in heat-stressed broilers
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of heat conditioning and dietary ascorbic acid supplementation on growth performance, carcass and meat quality characteristics in heat-stressed broilers. A total of 320 male broilers were randomly assigned to 4 treatment groups as positive control (PC), heat stress (HS), heat conditioning (HC) and ascorbic acid supplementation (AA). Broilers in PC group were housed in thermoneutral conditions (24oC) and fed with the basal diet throughout experimental period. Heat stress group was exposed to 35oC for 6 h daily between 4 and 6 weeks and fed with basal diet throughout experimental period. Heat conditioned group was exposed to 36oC at 5 d of age for 24 h, fed on the basal diet throughout experimental period and was exposed to 35oC for 6 h daily between 4 and 6 weeks. Ascorbic acid supplemented group was fed a diet supplemented with 500 mg/kg L-ascorbic acid and was exposed to 35oC for 6 h daily between 4 and 6 weeks. Heat stress significantly decreased final body weight, weight gain (P<0.001), feed consumption, carcass yields (P<0.01), but increased feed conversion ratio and mortality rate (P<0.05). Heat stress decreased redness (P<0.001) and ultimate pH value (P<0.05), whereas increased lightness and cooking loss (P<0.001) of broiler breast meat. Heat conditioningand AA supplementation increased final body weight, weight gain, carcass yield and also improved quality characteristics of breast meat of broilers under heat stress. These results suggest that HC and dietary AA supplementation may alleviate the negative effects of heat stress on broiler performance and meat quality
References
- Abu-Dieyeh ZHM (2006): Effect of chronic heat stress and long-term feed restriction on broiler performance. Inter J Poult Sci, 5, 185-190.
- Ain Baziz H, Geraert PA, Padilha JCF, Guillaumin S (1996): Chronic heat exposure enhances fat deposition and modifies muscle and fat partition in broiler carcasses. Poult Sci, 75, 505-513.
- Akşit M, Yalçın S, Özkan S, Metin K, Özdemir D (2006): Effects of temperature during rearing and crating on stress parameters and meat quality. Poult Sci, 85, 1867-1874.
- Allen CD, Fletcher DL, Northcutt JK, Russell SM (1998): The relationship of broiler breast colour to meat quality and shelf-life. Poult Sci, 77, 361-366.
- Anonymous (1989): Türk standartları tavuk gövde eti parçalama kuralları.
- Attia YA, Hassan RA, Qota EMA (2009): Recovery from adverse effects of heat stress on slow-growing chicks in the tropics 1: Effect of ascorbic acid and different levels of betaine. Trop Anim Health Prod, 41, 807-818.
- Attia YA, Hassan RA, Tag El-Din AE, Abou-Shehema BM (2011): Effect of ascorbic acid or increasing metabolizable energy level with or without supplementation of some essential amino acids on productive and physiological traits of slow-growing chicks exposed to chronic heat stress. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl), 95, 744-755.
- Barbut S (1997): Microstructure of white and dark turkey meat batters as affected by pH. Br Poult Sci, 38, 175-182.
- Dai SF, Wang LK, Wen AY, Wang LX, Jin GM (2009): Dietary glutamine supplementation improves growth performance, meat quality and colour stability of broilers under heat stress. Br Poult Sci, 50, 333-340.
- Deeb N, Chaner A (2002): Genotype by environment interaction with broiler genotypes differing in growth rate. 3. Growth rate and water consumption of broiler progeny from weight-selected versus non selected parents under normal and high ambient temperatures. Poult Sci, 81, 293- 330.
- Duclos MJ, Berri C, Le Bihan-Duval E (2007): Muscle growth and meat quality. J Appl Poult Res, 16, 107-112.
- Duncan DB (1955): Multiple range and multiple F tests. Biometrics, 11, 1-42.
- El-Moniary MMA, Hemid AA, El-Wardany I, Gehad AE, Gouda A (2010): The effect of early age heat conditioning and some feeding programs for heat-stressed broiler chicks on: 1-Productive performance. World J Agri Sci, 6, 689-695.
- El-Rammouz R, Berri C, Le Bihan-Duval E, Babilé R, Fernandez X (2004): Breed differences in the biochemical determinism of ultimate pH in breast muscle of broiler chickens-A key role AMP deaminase? Poult Sci, 83, 1445- 1451.
- Feng JH, Zhang MH, Zheng SS, Xie P, Li J.Q (2006): The effect of cyclic high temperature on mitochondrial ROS production, Ca2+-ATPase activity and breast meat quality of broilers. Chin J Anim Vet Sci, 37, 1304-1311.
- Gross WB, Siegel HS (1983): Evaluation of heterophil/ lymphocyte ratio as a measure of stress in chicken. Avian Disease, 27, 972-979.
- Honikel KO (1998): Reference methods for the assessment of physical characteristics of meat. Meat Sci, 49, 447-457.
- Imik H, Atasever MA, Koc M, Atasever M, Ozturan K (2010): Effect of dietary supplementation some antioxidants on growth performance, carcass composition, and breast meat characteristics in quail reared under heat stress. Czech J Anim Sci, 55, 209-220.
- Imik H, Ozlu H, Gumus R, Atasever MA, Urcar S, Atasever M (2012): Effects of ascorbic acid and α-lipoic acid on performance and meat quality of broilers subjected to heat stress. Br Poult Sci, 53, 800-808.
- Kadim IT, Al-Quamshui BHA, Mahgoub O, Al- Marzooqi W, Johnson EH (2009): Effects of ascorbic acid and seasonal temperatures on meat quality characteristics of broiler chickens maintained in open- sided and closed houses. Int J Poult Sci, 8, 733-739.
- Khan RU, Naz S, Nikousefat Z, Selvaggi M, Laudadio V, Tufarelli V (2012): Effect of ascorbic acid in heat- stressed poultry. Worlds Poult Sci J, 68, 477-489.
- Liew PK, Zülkifli I, Hair-Bejo M, Omar AR, Israf DA (2003): Effects of early age feed restriction and heat conditioning on heat shock protein 70 expression, resistance to infectious bursal disease and growth in male broiler chickens subjected to heat stress. Poult Sci, 82, 1879-1885.
- Lin H, Jiao HC, Buyse J, Decuypere E (2006): Strategies for preventing heat stress in poultry. Worlds Poult Sci J, 62, 71-85.
- Lu Q, Wen J, Zhang H (2007): Effect of chronic heat exposure on fat deposition and meat quality in two genetic types of chicken. Poult Sci, 86, 1059-1064.
- Mahmoud KZ, Edens FW, Havenstein GB (2004): Ascorbic acid decreases heat shock protein 70 and plasma corticosterone response in broilers (Gallus domesticus) subjected to cyclic heat stress. Comp Biochem Physiol B, 137, 35-42.
- McKee JS, Hurrison PC (1995): Effects of supplemental ascorbic acid on the performance of broiler chickens exposed to multiple concurrent stressors. Poult Sci, 74, 1772-1785.
- McKee SR, Sams AR (1997): The effect of seasonal heat stress on rigor development and the incidence of pale, exudative turkey meat. Poult Sci, 76, 1616-1620.
- Northcutt JK, Foegeding EA, Edens FW (1994): Water- holding properties of thermally preconditioned chickens breast and leg meat. Poult Sci, 73, 308-316.
- Onu PN (2009): Growth Performance, carcass characteristics and economic benefits of supplemental ascorbic acid on broiler starters exposed to heat stress. J Agric Biol Sci, 4, 19-23.
- Qiao M, Fletcher DL, Northcutt JK, Smith DP (2002): The relationship between raw broiler breast meat color and composition. Poult Sci, 81, 422-427.
- Quinteiro-Filho WM, Ribeiro A, Ferraz-de-Paula V, Pinheiro ML, Sakai M, Sá LRM, Ferreira AJP, Palermo-Neto J (2010): Heat stress impairs performance parameters, induces intestinal injury, and decreases macrophage activity in broiler chickens. Poult Sci, 89, 1905-1914.
- Ryder AA, Feddes JJR, Zuıdhof MJ (2004): Field study to relate heat stress index to broiler performance. J Appl Poult Res, 13, 493-499.
- Sahin K, Sahin N, Kucuk O (2003): Effects of chromium, and ascorbic acid supplementation on growth, carcass traits, serum metabolites, and antioxidant status of broiler chickens reared at a high ambient temperature (32oC). Nutr Res, 23, 225-238.
- SPSS (2004): Statistical package for social science for windows. Version 13.0 (Chicago, IL, SPSS Inc.),
- Steel RGD, Torrie JH (1980): Principles and Procedures of Statistics: A Biometrical Approach, 2nd Ed., New York.
- Wang RR, Pan XJ, Peng ZQ (2009): Effects of heat exposure on muscle oxidation and protein functionalities of pectoralis majors in broilers. Poult Sci, 88, 1078-1084.
- Yahav S, Hurwitz S (1996): Induction of thermotolerance in male broiler chickens by temperature conditioning at an early age. Poult Sci, 75, 402-406.
- Yalcin S, Özkan S, Türkmut L, Siegel PB (2001): Responses to heat stress in commercial and local broiler stocks. 1. Performance traits. Br Poult Sci, 42, 149-152.
- Yalçin S, Özkan S, Çabuk M, Siegel PB (2003): Criteria for evaluating husbandry practices to alleviate heat stress in broilers. J Appl Poult Res, 12, 382-388.
- Zhang ZY, Jia GQ, Zuo JJ, Zhang Y, Lei J, Ren L, Feng DY (2012): Effects of constant and cyclic heat stres on muscle metabolism and meat quality of broiler breast filet and thigh meat. Poult Sci, 91, 2931-2937.
Sıcak stresi altındaki broylerlerde erken dönem sıcağa alıştırma ve rasyona askorbik asit ilavesininbüyüme performansı karkas ve et kalite özellikleri üzerine etkileri
Abstract
Bu araştırma, sıcak stresi altındaki broylerlerde erken dönem sıcağa alıştırma ve rasyona askorbik asit ilavesinin büyüme performansı, karkas ve et kalite özellikleri üzerine etkilerini araştırmak için yapılmıştır. Toplam 320 adet erkek broyler pozitif kontrol (PC), sıcak stresi (HS), erken dönem sıcağa alıştırma (HC) ve askorbik asit ilave edilen rasyonla besleme (AA) olmak üzere dört gruba ayrılmıştır. PC grubundaki broylerler deneme süresince termonötral koşullarda (24oC) yetiştirilmiş ve bazal rasyonla beslenmiştir. HC grubu, 5 günlük yaşta 24 saat 36oC’ye maruz bırakılmış, deneme süresince bazal rasyonla beslenmiş ve 4-6. haftalar arasında günde 6 saat 35oC sıcaklığa maruz bırakılmıştır. AA grup, 500 mg/kg L-askorbik asit ilave edilen rasyonla beslenmiş ve 4-6. haftalar arasında günde 6 saat 35oC sıcaklığa maruz bırakılmıştır. HS grubundaki broilerler, 4-6. haftalar arasında günde 6 saat 35oC sıcaklığa maruz bırakılmış ve deneme süresince bazal rasyonla beslenmiştir. Sıcak stresinin final canlı ağırlık, ağırlık kazancı (P<0.001), yem tüketimi, karkas randımanını (P<0.01) azalttığı, buna karşın yemden yararlanma oranı ve ölüm oranını artırdığı (P<0.05) belirlenmiştir. Sıcak stresi, broiler göğüs etinin kırmızılık renk indeksi (P<0.001) ve kesimden 24 saat sonra ölçülen pH değerini (P<0.05) azaltırken, parlaklık renk indeksi ve pişirme kaybını arttırmıştır (P<0.001). Erken dönem sıcağa alıştırma ve rasyona askorbik asit ilavesinin, sıcak stresi altındaki broylerlerde final canlı ağırlık, ağırlık kazancı, karkas randımanında artışa ve et kalitesinde iyileşmeye neden olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu bulgular, erken dönem sıcağa alıştırma ve rasyona askorbik asit ilavesinin, sıcak stresinin broyler performansı ve et kalitesi üzerindeki negatif etkilerini önleyebileceğini göstermektedir
References
- Abu-Dieyeh ZHM (2006): Effect of chronic heat stress and long-term feed restriction on broiler performance. Inter J Poult Sci, 5, 185-190.
- Ain Baziz H, Geraert PA, Padilha JCF, Guillaumin S (1996): Chronic heat exposure enhances fat deposition and modifies muscle and fat partition in broiler carcasses. Poult Sci, 75, 505-513.
- Akşit M, Yalçın S, Özkan S, Metin K, Özdemir D (2006): Effects of temperature during rearing and crating on stress parameters and meat quality. Poult Sci, 85, 1867-1874.
- Allen CD, Fletcher DL, Northcutt JK, Russell SM (1998): The relationship of broiler breast colour to meat quality and shelf-life. Poult Sci, 77, 361-366.
- Anonymous (1989): Türk standartları tavuk gövde eti parçalama kuralları.
- Attia YA, Hassan RA, Qota EMA (2009): Recovery from adverse effects of heat stress on slow-growing chicks in the tropics 1: Effect of ascorbic acid and different levels of betaine. Trop Anim Health Prod, 41, 807-818.
- Attia YA, Hassan RA, Tag El-Din AE, Abou-Shehema BM (2011): Effect of ascorbic acid or increasing metabolizable energy level with or without supplementation of some essential amino acids on productive and physiological traits of slow-growing chicks exposed to chronic heat stress. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl), 95, 744-755.
- Barbut S (1997): Microstructure of white and dark turkey meat batters as affected by pH. Br Poult Sci, 38, 175-182.
- Dai SF, Wang LK, Wen AY, Wang LX, Jin GM (2009): Dietary glutamine supplementation improves growth performance, meat quality and colour stability of broilers under heat stress. Br Poult Sci, 50, 333-340.
- Deeb N, Chaner A (2002): Genotype by environment interaction with broiler genotypes differing in growth rate. 3. Growth rate and water consumption of broiler progeny from weight-selected versus non selected parents under normal and high ambient temperatures. Poult Sci, 81, 293- 330.
- Duclos MJ, Berri C, Le Bihan-Duval E (2007): Muscle growth and meat quality. J Appl Poult Res, 16, 107-112.
- Duncan DB (1955): Multiple range and multiple F tests. Biometrics, 11, 1-42.
- El-Moniary MMA, Hemid AA, El-Wardany I, Gehad AE, Gouda A (2010): The effect of early age heat conditioning and some feeding programs for heat-stressed broiler chicks on: 1-Productive performance. World J Agri Sci, 6, 689-695.
- El-Rammouz R, Berri C, Le Bihan-Duval E, Babilé R, Fernandez X (2004): Breed differences in the biochemical determinism of ultimate pH in breast muscle of broiler chickens-A key role AMP deaminase? Poult Sci, 83, 1445- 1451.
- Feng JH, Zhang MH, Zheng SS, Xie P, Li J.Q (2006): The effect of cyclic high temperature on mitochondrial ROS production, Ca2+-ATPase activity and breast meat quality of broilers. Chin J Anim Vet Sci, 37, 1304-1311.
- Gross WB, Siegel HS (1983): Evaluation of heterophil/ lymphocyte ratio as a measure of stress in chicken. Avian Disease, 27, 972-979.
- Honikel KO (1998): Reference methods for the assessment of physical characteristics of meat. Meat Sci, 49, 447-457.
- Imik H, Atasever MA, Koc M, Atasever M, Ozturan K (2010): Effect of dietary supplementation some antioxidants on growth performance, carcass composition, and breast meat characteristics in quail reared under heat stress. Czech J Anim Sci, 55, 209-220.
- Imik H, Ozlu H, Gumus R, Atasever MA, Urcar S, Atasever M (2012): Effects of ascorbic acid and α-lipoic acid on performance and meat quality of broilers subjected to heat stress. Br Poult Sci, 53, 800-808.
- Kadim IT, Al-Quamshui BHA, Mahgoub O, Al- Marzooqi W, Johnson EH (2009): Effects of ascorbic acid and seasonal temperatures on meat quality characteristics of broiler chickens maintained in open- sided and closed houses. Int J Poult Sci, 8, 733-739.
- Khan RU, Naz S, Nikousefat Z, Selvaggi M, Laudadio V, Tufarelli V (2012): Effect of ascorbic acid in heat- stressed poultry. Worlds Poult Sci J, 68, 477-489.
- Liew PK, Zülkifli I, Hair-Bejo M, Omar AR, Israf DA (2003): Effects of early age feed restriction and heat conditioning on heat shock protein 70 expression, resistance to infectious bursal disease and growth in male broiler chickens subjected to heat stress. Poult Sci, 82, 1879-1885.
- Lin H, Jiao HC, Buyse J, Decuypere E (2006): Strategies for preventing heat stress in poultry. Worlds Poult Sci J, 62, 71-85.
- Lu Q, Wen J, Zhang H (2007): Effect of chronic heat exposure on fat deposition and meat quality in two genetic types of chicken. Poult Sci, 86, 1059-1064.
- Mahmoud KZ, Edens FW, Havenstein GB (2004): Ascorbic acid decreases heat shock protein 70 and plasma corticosterone response in broilers (Gallus domesticus) subjected to cyclic heat stress. Comp Biochem Physiol B, 137, 35-42.
- McKee JS, Hurrison PC (1995): Effects of supplemental ascorbic acid on the performance of broiler chickens exposed to multiple concurrent stressors. Poult Sci, 74, 1772-1785.
- McKee SR, Sams AR (1997): The effect of seasonal heat stress on rigor development and the incidence of pale, exudative turkey meat. Poult Sci, 76, 1616-1620.
- Northcutt JK, Foegeding EA, Edens FW (1994): Water- holding properties of thermally preconditioned chickens breast and leg meat. Poult Sci, 73, 308-316.
- Onu PN (2009): Growth Performance, carcass characteristics and economic benefits of supplemental ascorbic acid on broiler starters exposed to heat stress. J Agric Biol Sci, 4, 19-23.
- Qiao M, Fletcher DL, Northcutt JK, Smith DP (2002): The relationship between raw broiler breast meat color and composition. Poult Sci, 81, 422-427.
- Quinteiro-Filho WM, Ribeiro A, Ferraz-de-Paula V, Pinheiro ML, Sakai M, Sá LRM, Ferreira AJP, Palermo-Neto J (2010): Heat stress impairs performance parameters, induces intestinal injury, and decreases macrophage activity in broiler chickens. Poult Sci, 89, 1905-1914.
- Ryder AA, Feddes JJR, Zuıdhof MJ (2004): Field study to relate heat stress index to broiler performance. J Appl Poult Res, 13, 493-499.
- Sahin K, Sahin N, Kucuk O (2003): Effects of chromium, and ascorbic acid supplementation on growth, carcass traits, serum metabolites, and antioxidant status of broiler chickens reared at a high ambient temperature (32oC). Nutr Res, 23, 225-238.
- SPSS (2004): Statistical package for social science for windows. Version 13.0 (Chicago, IL, SPSS Inc.),
- Steel RGD, Torrie JH (1980): Principles and Procedures of Statistics: A Biometrical Approach, 2nd Ed., New York.
- Wang RR, Pan XJ, Peng ZQ (2009): Effects of heat exposure on muscle oxidation and protein functionalities of pectoralis majors in broilers. Poult Sci, 88, 1078-1084.
- Yahav S, Hurwitz S (1996): Induction of thermotolerance in male broiler chickens by temperature conditioning at an early age. Poult Sci, 75, 402-406.
- Yalcin S, Özkan S, Türkmut L, Siegel PB (2001): Responses to heat stress in commercial and local broiler stocks. 1. Performance traits. Br Poult Sci, 42, 149-152.
- Yalçin S, Özkan S, Çabuk M, Siegel PB (2003): Criteria for evaluating husbandry practices to alleviate heat stress in broilers. J Appl Poult Res, 12, 382-388.
- Zhang ZY, Jia GQ, Zuo JJ, Zhang Y, Lei J, Ren L, Feng DY (2012): Effects of constant and cyclic heat stres on muscle metabolism and meat quality of broiler breast filet and thigh meat. Poult Sci, 91, 2931-2937.
There are 40 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Veterinary Surgery |
| Other ID | JA26RP87JD |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | December 1, 2014 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2014Volume: 61 Issue: 4 |