Letter to Editor
Investigation of some toxins genes and methicillin resistance gene in Staphylococcus aureus isolatesfrom cows with subclinical mastitis
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the genes of some staphylococcal enterotoxins and Panton-Valentine leukocidin and methicillin resistance of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from subclinical bovine mastitis. In this study, 60 S. aureus isolates were used and the genes were detected by PCR. seg-sei, sej, sec and seh genes were detected in eight (13.33%) isolates, six (10.00%) isolates, four (6.67%) isolates and three (5.00%) isolates, respectively. Sixteen (26.67%) isolates were found to harbor one or more toxin genes. None of the investigated isolates harbored sea, seb, sed, see, and tsst genes, while four (6.6%) isolates and two (3.30%) isolates had Panton-Valentine leukocidin gene and mecA gene, respectively. As a conclusion, it was determined that S. aureus strains isolated from cows with subclinical mastitis could produce enterotoxin and harbor mecA gene. This situtiation could be a potential risk factor for public health
Keywords
References
- Akan M (2006): Staphylococcus infeksiyonları. 15-29 In: Aydın N, Paracıklıoğlu J (Ed), Veteriner Mikrobiyoloji (Bakteriyel Hastalıklar). İlke-Emek yayınları, Ankara.
- Balaban N, Rasooly A (2000): Staphylococcal enterotoxins. Inter J Food Microbiol, 61, 1-10.
- Choi SM, Kim SH, Kim HJ, Lee DG, Choi JH, Yoo JH, Kang JH, Shin WS, Kang MW (2003): Multiplex PCR for detection of genes encoding aminoglicoside modifying enzymes and methicillin resistance among Staphylococcus species. J Korean Med Sci, 18, 631-636.
- Ciftci A, Findik A, Onuk EE, Savasan S (2009): Detection of methicillin resistance and slime factor production of Staphylococcus aureus in bovine mastitis. Braz J Microbiol, 40, 254-261.
- Dinges MM, Orwin PM, Schlievert PM (2000): Exotoxins of Staphylococcus aureus. Clin Microbiol Rev, 13, 16-34.
- Erol İ, İşeri Ö (2004): Stafilokokal enterotoksinler. Ankara Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 51, 239-245.
- Freitas MFL, Luz IS, Silveira-Filho VM, Junior JWP, Stamford TLM, Mota RA, Sena MJ, Almeida AMP, Balbino VQ, Leal-Baibino TC (2008): Staphylococcal toxin genes in strains isolated from cows with subclinical mastitis. Pesquisa Vet Brasileira, 28, 617-621.
- Günaydın B, Aslantaş Ö, Demir C (2011): Detection of superantigenic toxin genes in Staphylococcus aureus strains from subclinical bovine mastitis. Trop Anim Health Product, 43, 1633-1637.
- Hazımoğlu Ş (2011): Staphylococcus aureus suşlarında Panton Valentine Lökosidin (PVL) genlerinin araştırılması. ADÜ. Sağlık Bil Enst Doktora Tezi, Aydın.
- İnegöl E, Türkyılmaz S (2012): Determination of SCCmec types in methicillin resistant staphylococci isolated from cows and farm workers. Ankara Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 59, 89-93.
- Karahan M, Açık MN, Çetinkaya B (2009):
- Investigation of toxin genes by polymerase chain reaction in Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from bovine mastitis in Turkey. Foodborne Pathog Dis, 6, 1029-1035.
- Lee JH (2003): Methicillin (oxacillin)-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from major food animals and their potential transmission to humans. Appl Environ Microbiol, 69, 6489–6494.
- Lina G, Piemont Y, Godail-Gamot F, Bes M, Peter M, Gauduchon V, Vandenesch F, Etienne J (1999): Involvement of Panton-Valentine leukocidin–producing Staphylococcus aureus in primary skin infections and pneumonia. Clin Infec Dis, 29,1128–1132.
- Lİvseth A, Loncarevic S, Berdal KG (2004): Modified multiplex PCR method for detection of pyrogenic enterotoxin genes in Staphylococcal isolated. J Clin Microbiol, 42, 3869-3872.
- Macun HC, Yıldırım M, Kalander H, Pir Yağcı İ, Ünal N, Sakarya F (2011) Kırıkkale’de belirlenen mastitisli ineklerin sütlerinden etken izolasyonu ve antibiyotik direnç durumu. Kırıkkale Üniv BAP 2007/28.
- Monday S, Bohach G (1999): Use of multiplex PCR to detect classical and newly described pyrogenic toxin genes in Staphylococcal isolates, J Clin Microbiol, 37, 3411- 3414.
- Morgan M (2008): Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and animals: zoonosis or humanosis? J Antimicrob Chemother, 62, 1181–1187.
- Normanno G, Corrente M, La Salandra G, Dambrosio A, Quaglia NC, Parisi A, Greco, G, Bellacicco AL, Virgilio S, Celano GV (2007): Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in foods of animal origin product in Italy. Int J Food Microbiol, 117, 219–222.
- Omoe K, Hu DL, Takahashi-Omoe H, Nakane A, Shinagawa K (2003): Identification and characterization of a new staphylococcal entero-toxin-related putative toxin encoded by two kinds of plasmids. Infect Immun, 71, 6088–6094.
- Ortega E, Abriouel H, Lucas R, Gálvez A (2010): Multiple roles of Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins: pathogenicity, superantigenic activity, and correlation to antibiotic resistance. Toxins, 2, 2117-2131.
- Ote I, Taminiau B, Duprez JN, Dizier I, Mainil JG (2011). Genotypic characterization by polymerase chain reaction of Staphylococcus aureus isolates associated with bovine mastitis. Vet Mic, 153, 285–292.
- Pereira V, Lopes C, Castro A, Silva J, Gibbs P, Teixeira P (2009): Characterization for enterotoxin production, virulence factors, and antibiotic susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from various foods in Portugal. Food Microbiol, 26, 278–282.
- Piccinini R, Borromeo V, Zecconi A (2010):
- Relationship between S. aureus gene pattern and dairy herd mastitis prevalence. Vet Mic, 145, 100-105.
- Rainard P, Corrales JC, Barrio MB, Cochard T, Poutrel B (2003): Leucotoxic activities of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from cows, ewes, and goats with mastitis: importance of LukM/LukF’-PV leukotoxin. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol, 10, 272–277.
- Türkyılmaz S, Tekbıyık S, Oryasin E, Bozdogan B (2010): Molecular Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Resistance Mechanisms of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Bovine Milk. Zoonoses Public Health, 57, 197–203.
- Unal S, Hoskins J, Flokowitsch JE, Wu CY E, Preston DA, Skantrud PL (1992): Detection of methicillin- resistant Staphylococci by using the polymerase chain reaction. J Clin Microbiol, 30, 1685-1691.
- Unal N, İstanbulluoğlu E (2009) İnsan ve sığır kökenli Staphylococcus aureus izolatlarının fenotipik ve genotipik özelliklerinin araştırılması. Ankara Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 56, 119-126.
- Unal N, Askar S, Macun HC, Sakarya F, Altun B, Yıldırım M (2012) Panton-Valentine leukocidin and some exotoxins of Staphylococcus aureus and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of staphylococci isolated from milks of small ruminants. Trop Anim Health Prod, 44, 573-579.
- Vimercati C, Cremonesi P, Castiglioni B, Pisoni G, Boettcher PJ, Stella A, Vicenzoni G, Moroni P (2006): Molecular typing of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from cows, goats and sheep with intramammary infections on the basis of gene polymorphisms and toxins genes. J Vet Med B, Infec Dis Vet Public Health, 53, 423-428.
- Wang SC, Wu CM, Xia SC, QI YH, Xia LN, Shen JZ (2009): Distribution of superantigenic toxin genes in Staphylococcus aureus isolates from milk samples of bovine subclinical mastitis cases in two major diary production regions of China. Vet Mic, 137, 276–281.
- Wang X, Wei YY, Zhang J, Zhou T, Liang ZJ, Yang BW, Xi ML, Xia XD, Meng JH, Yu Y (2011): Virulence genes and PFGE profiles of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from cows with subclinical and clinical mastitis. Chinese J Anim Vet Sci, Doi: CNKI:SUN:XMSY.0.2011- 07-012.
- Zecconi A, Cesaris L, Liandris E, Dapra V, Piccinini R (2006): Role of several Staphylococcus aureus virulence factors on the inflammatory response in bovine mammary gland. Microb Pathog, 40, 177–183.
- Zschöck M, Kloppert B, Wolter W, Hamann HP, Lammler C (2005): Pattern of enterotoxin genes seg, seh, sei, and sej positive Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine mastitis. Vet Mic, 108, 243-249.
Subklinik mastitisli inek sütlerinden izole edilen Staphylococcus aureus izolatlarında bazı toksin genleri ve metisilin direnç geninin araştırılması
Abstract
Bu çalışma subklinik mastitisli inek sütlerinden izole edilen Staphylococcus aureus izolatlarında bazı stafilokokal enterotoksin, Panton-Valentine lökosidin genleriyle metisilin direnç geninin araştırılması amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmada 60 S. aureus izolatı kullanılmış ve genlerin belirlenmesinde polimeraz zincir reaksiyonundan yararlanılmıştır. İzolatların sekizinde (% 13.33) seg-sei, altısında (% 10.00) sej, dördünde (% 6.67) sec ve üçünde (% 5.00) ise seh geni belirlenmiştir. Toplam on altı (% 26.67) izolatta bir veya daha fazla enterotoksin geni tespit edilmiştir. İncelenen izolatlarda enterotoksin genlerinden sea, seb, sed, see ve tsst belirlenemezken dördünde (% 6.6) Panton-Valentine lökosidin geni ve ikisinde (% 3.30) metisilin direnç geni belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak subklinik mastitisli sütlerde bulunan S. aureus izolatlarının enterotoksin üretebilecekleri ve metisilin direnç geni taşıyabilecekleri belirlenmiştir. Bu durum halk sağlığı açısından önemli bir risk oluşturmaktadır
Keywords
References
- Akan M (2006): Staphylococcus infeksiyonları. 15-29 In: Aydın N, Paracıklıoğlu J (Ed), Veteriner Mikrobiyoloji (Bakteriyel Hastalıklar). İlke-Emek yayınları, Ankara.
- Balaban N, Rasooly A (2000): Staphylococcal enterotoxins. Inter J Food Microbiol, 61, 1-10.
- Choi SM, Kim SH, Kim HJ, Lee DG, Choi JH, Yoo JH, Kang JH, Shin WS, Kang MW (2003): Multiplex PCR for detection of genes encoding aminoglicoside modifying enzymes and methicillin resistance among Staphylococcus species. J Korean Med Sci, 18, 631-636.
- Ciftci A, Findik A, Onuk EE, Savasan S (2009): Detection of methicillin resistance and slime factor production of Staphylococcus aureus in bovine mastitis. Braz J Microbiol, 40, 254-261.
- Dinges MM, Orwin PM, Schlievert PM (2000): Exotoxins of Staphylococcus aureus. Clin Microbiol Rev, 13, 16-34.
- Erol İ, İşeri Ö (2004): Stafilokokal enterotoksinler. Ankara Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 51, 239-245.
- Freitas MFL, Luz IS, Silveira-Filho VM, Junior JWP, Stamford TLM, Mota RA, Sena MJ, Almeida AMP, Balbino VQ, Leal-Baibino TC (2008): Staphylococcal toxin genes in strains isolated from cows with subclinical mastitis. Pesquisa Vet Brasileira, 28, 617-621.
- Günaydın B, Aslantaş Ö, Demir C (2011): Detection of superantigenic toxin genes in Staphylococcus aureus strains from subclinical bovine mastitis. Trop Anim Health Product, 43, 1633-1637.
- Hazımoğlu Ş (2011): Staphylococcus aureus suşlarında Panton Valentine Lökosidin (PVL) genlerinin araştırılması. ADÜ. Sağlık Bil Enst Doktora Tezi, Aydın.
- İnegöl E, Türkyılmaz S (2012): Determination of SCCmec types in methicillin resistant staphylococci isolated from cows and farm workers. Ankara Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 59, 89-93.
- Karahan M, Açık MN, Çetinkaya B (2009):
- Investigation of toxin genes by polymerase chain reaction in Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from bovine mastitis in Turkey. Foodborne Pathog Dis, 6, 1029-1035.
- Lee JH (2003): Methicillin (oxacillin)-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from major food animals and their potential transmission to humans. Appl Environ Microbiol, 69, 6489–6494.
- Lina G, Piemont Y, Godail-Gamot F, Bes M, Peter M, Gauduchon V, Vandenesch F, Etienne J (1999): Involvement of Panton-Valentine leukocidin–producing Staphylococcus aureus in primary skin infections and pneumonia. Clin Infec Dis, 29,1128–1132.
- Lİvseth A, Loncarevic S, Berdal KG (2004): Modified multiplex PCR method for detection of pyrogenic enterotoxin genes in Staphylococcal isolated. J Clin Microbiol, 42, 3869-3872.
- Macun HC, Yıldırım M, Kalander H, Pir Yağcı İ, Ünal N, Sakarya F (2011) Kırıkkale’de belirlenen mastitisli ineklerin sütlerinden etken izolasyonu ve antibiyotik direnç durumu. Kırıkkale Üniv BAP 2007/28.
- Monday S, Bohach G (1999): Use of multiplex PCR to detect classical and newly described pyrogenic toxin genes in Staphylococcal isolates, J Clin Microbiol, 37, 3411- 3414.
- Morgan M (2008): Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and animals: zoonosis or humanosis? J Antimicrob Chemother, 62, 1181–1187.
- Normanno G, Corrente M, La Salandra G, Dambrosio A, Quaglia NC, Parisi A, Greco, G, Bellacicco AL, Virgilio S, Celano GV (2007): Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in foods of animal origin product in Italy. Int J Food Microbiol, 117, 219–222.
- Omoe K, Hu DL, Takahashi-Omoe H, Nakane A, Shinagawa K (2003): Identification and characterization of a new staphylococcal entero-toxin-related putative toxin encoded by two kinds of plasmids. Infect Immun, 71, 6088–6094.
- Ortega E, Abriouel H, Lucas R, Gálvez A (2010): Multiple roles of Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins: pathogenicity, superantigenic activity, and correlation to antibiotic resistance. Toxins, 2, 2117-2131.
- Ote I, Taminiau B, Duprez JN, Dizier I, Mainil JG (2011). Genotypic characterization by polymerase chain reaction of Staphylococcus aureus isolates associated with bovine mastitis. Vet Mic, 153, 285–292.
- Pereira V, Lopes C, Castro A, Silva J, Gibbs P, Teixeira P (2009): Characterization for enterotoxin production, virulence factors, and antibiotic susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from various foods in Portugal. Food Microbiol, 26, 278–282.
- Piccinini R, Borromeo V, Zecconi A (2010):
- Relationship between S. aureus gene pattern and dairy herd mastitis prevalence. Vet Mic, 145, 100-105.
- Rainard P, Corrales JC, Barrio MB, Cochard T, Poutrel B (2003): Leucotoxic activities of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from cows, ewes, and goats with mastitis: importance of LukM/LukF’-PV leukotoxin. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol, 10, 272–277.
- Türkyılmaz S, Tekbıyık S, Oryasin E, Bozdogan B (2010): Molecular Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Resistance Mechanisms of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Bovine Milk. Zoonoses Public Health, 57, 197–203.
- Unal S, Hoskins J, Flokowitsch JE, Wu CY E, Preston DA, Skantrud PL (1992): Detection of methicillin- resistant Staphylococci by using the polymerase chain reaction. J Clin Microbiol, 30, 1685-1691.
- Unal N, İstanbulluoğlu E (2009) İnsan ve sığır kökenli Staphylococcus aureus izolatlarının fenotipik ve genotipik özelliklerinin araştırılması. Ankara Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 56, 119-126.
- Unal N, Askar S, Macun HC, Sakarya F, Altun B, Yıldırım M (2012) Panton-Valentine leukocidin and some exotoxins of Staphylococcus aureus and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of staphylococci isolated from milks of small ruminants. Trop Anim Health Prod, 44, 573-579.
- Vimercati C, Cremonesi P, Castiglioni B, Pisoni G, Boettcher PJ, Stella A, Vicenzoni G, Moroni P (2006): Molecular typing of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from cows, goats and sheep with intramammary infections on the basis of gene polymorphisms and toxins genes. J Vet Med B, Infec Dis Vet Public Health, 53, 423-428.
- Wang SC, Wu CM, Xia SC, QI YH, Xia LN, Shen JZ (2009): Distribution of superantigenic toxin genes in Staphylococcus aureus isolates from milk samples of bovine subclinical mastitis cases in two major diary production regions of China. Vet Mic, 137, 276–281.
- Wang X, Wei YY, Zhang J, Zhou T, Liang ZJ, Yang BW, Xi ML, Xia XD, Meng JH, Yu Y (2011): Virulence genes and PFGE profiles of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from cows with subclinical and clinical mastitis. Chinese J Anim Vet Sci, Doi: CNKI:SUN:XMSY.0.2011- 07-012.
- Zecconi A, Cesaris L, Liandris E, Dapra V, Piccinini R (2006): Role of several Staphylococcus aureus virulence factors on the inflammatory response in bovine mammary gland. Microb Pathog, 40, 177–183.
- Zschöck M, Kloppert B, Wolter W, Hamann HP, Lammler C (2005): Pattern of enterotoxin genes seg, seh, sei, and sej positive Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine mastitis. Vet Mic, 108, 243-249.
There are 35 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Veterinary Surgery |
| Other ID | JA68AS49GU |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | March 1, 2013 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2013Volume: 60 Issue: 1 |