Letter to Editor
Craniometric measurements and some anatomical characteristics of the cranium in Mediterranean Monk Seal (Monachus monachus, Hermann 1779)
Abstract
Mediterranean monk seal is one of the endangered species and it is estimated that the total number of this aquatic mammal is less than 600 all over the world. The cranium and the mandible of 2 male and 1 female seals which lived in Turkish coasts and washed ashore as dead were examined morphometrically and macro anatomically. The craniometric measurements were carried out from the reference points. The mean weight of the cranium and the mandible was 1168 g and mean length of the cranium, from acrocranion to prosthion, was 26.86 cm, mean length of the mandible, from condylar process to cranial part of alveolar (infradental) arch, was measured as 20.03 cm. The aim of this study which included 35 parameters for cranium and 11 parameters for mandible was to reveal the morphometric and certain macroanatomic data concerning the Mediterranean monk seal lived in Turkish coasts and to shed a light to the studies on the endangered species
References
- Adam P J (2004): Monachus tropicalis. Mammalian Species, 747, 1-9.
- Aguilar A, Lowry L (2008): Monachus monachus. In: IUCN 2010. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2010.2.www.iucnredlist.org.
- Antonio A, Mignucci – Giannoni, Daniel KO (2001): Tropical and Subtropical Records of Hooded Seals (Cystophora cristata) Dispel the Myth of Extant Caribbean Monk Seals (Monachus tropicalis). B Mar Sci, 68, 47-58.
- Atkinson S, Becker BL, Johanos TC, Pietraszek JR, Kuhn BC (1994): Reproductive morphology and status of female Hawaian monk seals (Monachus schauinslandi) fatally injured by adult male seals. J Reprod Fertil, 100, 225-30.
- Baker K (2008): Endangered Species Act 5-Year Review, Caribbean Monk Seal (Monachus tropicalis). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Marine Fisheries Service, 1-19.
- Baker JD, Thompson PM (2007): Temporal and spatial variation in age-specific survival rates of a long-lived mammal, the Hawaiian monk seal. Proc Biol Sci, 274, 407-15.
- Berkes F, Anat H, Esenel M, Kışlalıoğlu M (1979): Distribution and ecology of monachus monachus on turkish coasts. In: Ronald K and Duguy R, eds. First International Conference on the Mediterranean Monk Seal, Rhodes, Greece, 2-5 May 1978. Pergamon Press, Oxford, UK. UNEP Technical Series 1: 113-128.
- Brombin C, Mo G, Zotti A, Gıurisato M, Salmaso L, Cozzi B (2009): A landmark analysis-based approach to age and sex classification of the skull of the Mediterranean monk seal (Monachus monachus) (Hermann, 1779). Anat Histol Embryol, 38, 382-386.
- Cruwys E, Friday AE (1995): A comparative review of condylobasal lengths and other craniometric characters in 30 species of pinniped. Polar Record, 31, 45-62.
- Dennison SE, Schwarz T (2008): Computed tomographic imaging of the normal immature California sea lion head (Zalophus californianus). Vet Radiol Ultrasound 49, 557- 563.
- Driesch AVD (1976): Guide to the measurement of animal bones from archaeological sites: As developed by the Institut für Palaeoanatomie, Domestikationsforschung und Geschichte der Tiermedizin of the University of Munich, peabody museum bulletein 1. Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard University, pp. 42- 45 / 60-61.
- Dyce KM, Sack WO, Wensing CJG (2002): The Locomotor Apparatus. 58-66. In: Textbook of Veterinary Anatomy. Saunders-Elsevier Science, Philadelphia.
- Endo H, Sasaki H, Hayashi Y, Petrov EA, Amano M, Suzuki N, Miyazaki N (1999): CT examination of the head of the Baikal seal (Phoca sibirica). J Anat, 194, 119- 126.
- Endo H, Sasaki H, Hayashi Y, Petrov EA, Amano M, Miyazaki N (1998): Functional relationship between muscles of mastication and the skull with enlarged orbit in the Baikal seal (Phoca sibirica). J Vet Med Sci, 60, 699- 704.
- Gomercic T, Farkas V, Gomercic MD, Huber D, Gomercic H (2009): Cranial morphometry of adult Mediterranean monk seal (Monachus monachus) from the Adriatic sea. Proceedings of the international scientific meeting of anatomy and physiology, 120-128, June 12- 13.2009, Zagreb, Croatia.
- Gomercic H, Huber D (1989): Craniometric characteristics of the Mediterranean monk seal (Monachus monachus Hermann 1779) from the Adriatic Sea. Period biol, 91, 132.
- Güçlüsoy H, Kıraç CO, Veryeri NO, Savaş Y (2004): Status of the Mediterranean Monk Seal, Monachus monachus (Hermann, 1779) in the Coastal Waters of Turkey. E.Ü. Journal of Fish & Aquat Sci, 21, 201-210.
- Güçlüsoy H, Örek H, Veryeri NO (2003): Is the Rehabilitation of the Mediterranean Monk Seal Monachus monachus (Hermann 1779) In Turkey Necessary. The Monachus Guardian. 6, 1-5.
- Johnson WM, Karamanlidis AA, Dendrinos P, Larrinoa PF, Gazo M, Gonzales LM, Güçlüsoy H, Pires R, Schnellmann M (2006): Monk Seal Fact Files. Mediterranean monk seal, Monachus monachus. Erişim: http://www.monachus-guardian.org/factfiles/medit01.htm
- Johnson WM, Lavigne DM (1998): The Mediterranean Monk Seal. Conservation Guidelines. Multilingual Edition. International Marine Mammal Association Inc., Guelph, Ontario, Canada: 1-152.
- Kıraç CO, Güçlüsoy H (2008): Foça ve Akdeniz Foku, Foça Özel Çevre Koruma Bölgesinde Akdeniz Fokunun (Monachus monachus) korunması ve izlenmesi. 1. baskı, Özel Çevre Koruma Kurumu Başkanlığı.
- Kıraç CO, Savaş Y, Güçlüsoy H, Veryeri NO (2004): 40 years of Mediterranean Monk Seal Conservation in Turkey. The Monachus Guardian, 7, 2.
- Kıraç CO, Savaş Y, Güçlüsoy H, Veryeri NO (1998): Status and distribution of monk seal Monachus monachus (Hermann 1779) along Turkish coasts. The World Marine Mammal Science Conference, Workshop on the Biology and Conservation of the World’s Endangered Monk Seals, 19-24 January 1998, Monaco.
- Kompanje EJO, Güçlüsoy H, van Bree PJH (2000): Osteoporosis in an adult female monk seal Monachus monachus from Çeşme, Turkey. The Monachus Guardian, 3, 43-45.
- Mursaloğlu B (1992): Biology and distribution of the Mediterranean Monk Seal Monachus monachus on Turkish coasts. In: Conservation of the Mediterranean Monk Seal – Technical Aspects, Antalya, Turkey, 1-4 May 1991. Council of Europe, 54-57.
- Mursaloğlu B (1964): Occurrence of the Monk Seal on the Turkish Coasts. J Mammal, 45, 316-317.
- Mo G, Zotti A, Agnesi S, Finoia MG, Bernardini D, Cozzi B (2009): Age classes and sex differences in the skull of the Mediterranean monk seal, Monachus monachus (Hermann, 1779). A study based on bone shape and density. Anat Rec (Hoboken), 292, 544-556.
- Savaş Y (2000): Monk seal behaviour under surveillance. The Monachus Guardian, 3, 28.
- Toplu N, Aydoğan A, Oğuzoğlu TC (2007): Visceral leishmaniosis and parapoxvirus infection in a Mediterranean monk seal (Monachus monachus). J Comp Pathol, 136, 283-287. Geliş tarihi: 31.05.2011 / Kabul tarihi: 22.03.2012 Address for correspondence: Prof.Dr. Ahmet Çakır Ankara University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Anatomy, 06110 - Ankara e-mail : acakir@ankara.edu.tr
Akdeniz Foku (Monachus monachus, Hermann 1779) kafatasının kraniyometrik ölçüleri ve bazıanatomik özellikleri
Abstract
Akdeniz Foku nesli tükenmekte olan hayvanlar arasında bulunan bir deniz memelisidir ve sayısının dünya genelinde 600’den daha az olduğu tahmin edilmektedir. Türkiye kıyılarında yaşamış ve ölü olarak kıyıya vurmuş Akdeniz foklarından 2 erkek, 1 dişi olmak üzere toplam 3 adet ergin hayvanın cranium ve mandibula’ları morfometrik ve makroanatomik olarak değerlendirilmiş ve referans gösterilen noktalardan kafatası ölçümleri alınmıştır. Kafatasının mandibula ile birlikte ortalama ağırlığı 1168 gr, kafatasının ortalama uzunluğu (akrokranion’dan – prosthion’a) 26,86 cm, mandibula uzunluğu da [processus condylaris’ten – arcus alveolaris’in ön ucuna (infradentale)] ortalama 20,03 cm olarak ölçülmüştür. Kafatasında 35, mandibula’da 11 parametrenin alındığı bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye kıyılarında yaşayan Akdeniz Foklarının kafatasına ait morfometrik ve bazı makro anatomik bilgileri ortaya koymak, ayrıca nesli tükenmekte olan hayvanlarda yürütülen çalışmalara ışık tutmaktır
Keywords
References
- Adam P J (2004): Monachus tropicalis. Mammalian Species, 747, 1-9.
- Aguilar A, Lowry L (2008): Monachus monachus. In: IUCN 2010. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2010.2.www.iucnredlist.org.
- Antonio A, Mignucci – Giannoni, Daniel KO (2001): Tropical and Subtropical Records of Hooded Seals (Cystophora cristata) Dispel the Myth of Extant Caribbean Monk Seals (Monachus tropicalis). B Mar Sci, 68, 47-58.
- Atkinson S, Becker BL, Johanos TC, Pietraszek JR, Kuhn BC (1994): Reproductive morphology and status of female Hawaian monk seals (Monachus schauinslandi) fatally injured by adult male seals. J Reprod Fertil, 100, 225-30.
- Baker K (2008): Endangered Species Act 5-Year Review, Caribbean Monk Seal (Monachus tropicalis). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Marine Fisheries Service, 1-19.
- Baker JD, Thompson PM (2007): Temporal and spatial variation in age-specific survival rates of a long-lived mammal, the Hawaiian monk seal. Proc Biol Sci, 274, 407-15.
- Berkes F, Anat H, Esenel M, Kışlalıoğlu M (1979): Distribution and ecology of monachus monachus on turkish coasts. In: Ronald K and Duguy R, eds. First International Conference on the Mediterranean Monk Seal, Rhodes, Greece, 2-5 May 1978. Pergamon Press, Oxford, UK. UNEP Technical Series 1: 113-128.
- Brombin C, Mo G, Zotti A, Gıurisato M, Salmaso L, Cozzi B (2009): A landmark analysis-based approach to age and sex classification of the skull of the Mediterranean monk seal (Monachus monachus) (Hermann, 1779). Anat Histol Embryol, 38, 382-386.
- Cruwys E, Friday AE (1995): A comparative review of condylobasal lengths and other craniometric characters in 30 species of pinniped. Polar Record, 31, 45-62.
- Dennison SE, Schwarz T (2008): Computed tomographic imaging of the normal immature California sea lion head (Zalophus californianus). Vet Radiol Ultrasound 49, 557- 563.
- Driesch AVD (1976): Guide to the measurement of animal bones from archaeological sites: As developed by the Institut für Palaeoanatomie, Domestikationsforschung und Geschichte der Tiermedizin of the University of Munich, peabody museum bulletein 1. Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard University, pp. 42- 45 / 60-61.
- Dyce KM, Sack WO, Wensing CJG (2002): The Locomotor Apparatus. 58-66. In: Textbook of Veterinary Anatomy. Saunders-Elsevier Science, Philadelphia.
- Endo H, Sasaki H, Hayashi Y, Petrov EA, Amano M, Suzuki N, Miyazaki N (1999): CT examination of the head of the Baikal seal (Phoca sibirica). J Anat, 194, 119- 126.
- Endo H, Sasaki H, Hayashi Y, Petrov EA, Amano M, Miyazaki N (1998): Functional relationship between muscles of mastication and the skull with enlarged orbit in the Baikal seal (Phoca sibirica). J Vet Med Sci, 60, 699- 704.
- Gomercic T, Farkas V, Gomercic MD, Huber D, Gomercic H (2009): Cranial morphometry of adult Mediterranean monk seal (Monachus monachus) from the Adriatic sea. Proceedings of the international scientific meeting of anatomy and physiology, 120-128, June 12- 13.2009, Zagreb, Croatia.
- Gomercic H, Huber D (1989): Craniometric characteristics of the Mediterranean monk seal (Monachus monachus Hermann 1779) from the Adriatic Sea. Period biol, 91, 132.
- Güçlüsoy H, Kıraç CO, Veryeri NO, Savaş Y (2004): Status of the Mediterranean Monk Seal, Monachus monachus (Hermann, 1779) in the Coastal Waters of Turkey. E.Ü. Journal of Fish & Aquat Sci, 21, 201-210.
- Güçlüsoy H, Örek H, Veryeri NO (2003): Is the Rehabilitation of the Mediterranean Monk Seal Monachus monachus (Hermann 1779) In Turkey Necessary. The Monachus Guardian. 6, 1-5.
- Johnson WM, Karamanlidis AA, Dendrinos P, Larrinoa PF, Gazo M, Gonzales LM, Güçlüsoy H, Pires R, Schnellmann M (2006): Monk Seal Fact Files. Mediterranean monk seal, Monachus monachus. Erişim: http://www.monachus-guardian.org/factfiles/medit01.htm
- Johnson WM, Lavigne DM (1998): The Mediterranean Monk Seal. Conservation Guidelines. Multilingual Edition. International Marine Mammal Association Inc., Guelph, Ontario, Canada: 1-152.
- Kıraç CO, Güçlüsoy H (2008): Foça ve Akdeniz Foku, Foça Özel Çevre Koruma Bölgesinde Akdeniz Fokunun (Monachus monachus) korunması ve izlenmesi. 1. baskı, Özel Çevre Koruma Kurumu Başkanlığı.
- Kıraç CO, Savaş Y, Güçlüsoy H, Veryeri NO (2004): 40 years of Mediterranean Monk Seal Conservation in Turkey. The Monachus Guardian, 7, 2.
- Kıraç CO, Savaş Y, Güçlüsoy H, Veryeri NO (1998): Status and distribution of monk seal Monachus monachus (Hermann 1779) along Turkish coasts. The World Marine Mammal Science Conference, Workshop on the Biology and Conservation of the World’s Endangered Monk Seals, 19-24 January 1998, Monaco.
- Kompanje EJO, Güçlüsoy H, van Bree PJH (2000): Osteoporosis in an adult female monk seal Monachus monachus from Çeşme, Turkey. The Monachus Guardian, 3, 43-45.
- Mursaloğlu B (1992): Biology and distribution of the Mediterranean Monk Seal Monachus monachus on Turkish coasts. In: Conservation of the Mediterranean Monk Seal – Technical Aspects, Antalya, Turkey, 1-4 May 1991. Council of Europe, 54-57.
- Mursaloğlu B (1964): Occurrence of the Monk Seal on the Turkish Coasts. J Mammal, 45, 316-317.
- Mo G, Zotti A, Agnesi S, Finoia MG, Bernardini D, Cozzi B (2009): Age classes and sex differences in the skull of the Mediterranean monk seal, Monachus monachus (Hermann, 1779). A study based on bone shape and density. Anat Rec (Hoboken), 292, 544-556.
- Savaş Y (2000): Monk seal behaviour under surveillance. The Monachus Guardian, 3, 28.
- Toplu N, Aydoğan A, Oğuzoğlu TC (2007): Visceral leishmaniosis and parapoxvirus infection in a Mediterranean monk seal (Monachus monachus). J Comp Pathol, 136, 283-287. Geliş tarihi: 31.05.2011 / Kabul tarihi: 22.03.2012 Address for correspondence: Prof.Dr. Ahmet Çakır Ankara University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Anatomy, 06110 - Ankara e-mail : acakir@ankara.edu.tr
There are 29 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Veterinary Surgery |
| Other ID | JA97YG86NB |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | September 1, 2012 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2012Volume: 59 Issue: 3 |