Letter to Editor
The first detection and molecular characterization of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in Turkey
Abstract
Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) is an important disease that causes severe economic losses in pig industry. PRRSV has two genotypes named as a European (EU) and North American (US). PRRSV appears globally a variety of countries including Canada, USA, South Korea, Germany, Spain, UK, Denmark and Greece. Furthermore, US genotype has been detected serologically in France, Germany and USA in wild boars. So far, no comprehensive information has been generated in Turkey in terms of presence and/or epidemiology of the disease. The aim of this study was to determine presence of PRRSV at initial step and subsequently provide information on possible genotypes that might have occurred in domestic pig and wild boars. The study was carried out on 86 nasal swaps from two different farms and 12 lungs tissue samples from wild boars. A total of 71.4% of samples were found PRRSV- positive by one-step RT-PCR. Prevalence of the virus in Farms 1 and 2 and wild boars was determined as 76.9%, 61.9% and 58%, respectively. Nucleotide sequence analyses performed on ORF 7 of the genome showed that 96.5% and 98.2%, nucleotide homologies in Izmir and Mersin, respectively. In addition, phylogenetic analysis showed that all Turkish PPRSVs was located in the lineage of US like PRRS viruses. This is the first report of PRRSV infection between domestic pigs and wild boars in Turkey
Keywords
References
- Albina E, Madec F, Cariolet R, and Torrison J. (1994): Immune response and persistence of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in infected pigs and farm units. Vet Rec, 134, 567-573.
- Albina E, Mesplede A, Chenut G, LePotier MF, Bourbao G, LeGal S, and Leforban Y. (2000): A serological survey on classical swine fever (Csf), aujeszky’s disease (Ad) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus infections in French wild boar from 1991 to 1998. Vet Microbiol, 77, 43–57.
- Alexopoulos C, Kritas SK, Kyriakis CS, Tzika E, and Kyriakis SC. (2003): The effect of vaccination of sows with an attenuated PRRSV vaccine an their health status and performance in a farm with endemic PRRSV infection. 4th International Symposium Emerging and Re-emerging Pig Diseaes – Rome. June 29th–July 2nd.
- Allende R, Laegreid WW, Kutish GF, Galeota JA, Wills RW, and Osorio FA. (2000): Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus: description of persistence in individual pigs upon experimental infection. J Virol, 74, 10834-10837.
- Benfield DA, Nelson E, Collins JE, Haris L, Goyal SM, Robison D, Christianson WT, Morrison RB, Gorcyca D, and Chladek D. (1992): Characterization of swine infertility and respiratory syndrome (SIRS) virus (isolate ATCC VR-2332). J Vet Diag Invest, 4, 127-133.
- Botner A, Strandbygaard B, Sorensen KJ, Have P, Madsen KG, Madsen ES, and Alexandersen S. (1997): Appearance of acute PRRS-like symptoms in sow herds after vaccination with a modified live PRRS vaccine. Vet Rec, 141, 497–499.
- Cavanagh D. (1997): Nidovirales:a new order comprising Coronavirdea and Arteriviridea. Arch.Virol, 142, 629-633.
- Cha S-H, Choi E-J, Park J-H, Yoon S-R, Song J-Y, Kwon J-H, Song H-J, and Yoon K-J. (2006): Molecular characterization of recent Korean porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) viruses and comparison to other Asian PRRS viruses. Vet Microbiol, 117, 248–257.
- Damrongwatanapokin S, Arsayuth K, Kongkrong C, Parchariyanon S, Pinyochon W, and Tantaswasdi U. (1996): Serological studies and isolation of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus in Thailand. J Thai Vet Med Assoc, 47, 19–30.
- Done SH, and Paton DJ. (1995): Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrom: clinical disease, pathology and immunosupression. Vet Rec, 136, 32-35.
- Elbers ARW, Dekkers LJM, and Van Der Giessen JWB.. (2000): Sero-surveillance of wild boar in the Netherlands,1996 –1999. Rev Sci Tech Off Epizoo, 19, 848 – 854.
- Kumar S, Tamura K, and Nei M. (2004): MEGA3: Integrated software for molecular volutionary genetics analysis and sequence alignment. Brief Bioinform, 5, 150- 163.
- Labddomada A. (2000): Incidence and control of CSF in wild boar in Europe. Vet Microbiol, 73, 121–130.
- Meng XJ. (2000): Heterogeneity of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus: implications for current vaccine efficacy and future vaccine development. Vet Microbiol, 74, 309–329.
- Meulenberg JJM, Hulst MM, DeMeijer EJ, Moonen PLJM, Den Besten A, DeKluyver EP, Wensvoort G, and Moormann RJM. (1993): Lelystad virus, the causative agent of porcine epidemic abortion and respiratory syndrome (Pears), Is related to LDV and EAV. Virology, 192, 62-72.
- Meulenberg JJM. (1998): Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) molecular characterization of the agent. In: proceedings of fifteenth IPVS congress, Birmingham, 149–157.
- Murtaugh MP, Elam MR, and Kakach LT. (1995): Comparison of the structural protein coding sequences of the VR-2332 and Lelystad virus strains of the PRRS virus. Arch Virol, 140, 1451–1460.
- Nielsen J, Botner A, Bille–Hansen V, Oleksiewichz MB, and Storgaard T. (2002): Experimantal inoculation of late term pregnant sows with a field isolate of porcine reproductive respiratory syndrome vaccine – derived virus. Vet Microbiol, 84, 1-13.
- Oslage U, Dahle J, Muller T, Kramer M, Biereir D, and Liess B. (1994): Antibody prevalence of hog cholera, Aujeszky’s disease and the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in wild boar in the Federal States Saschen Anhalt and Brandeburg (Germany). DTW, 101, 33–38.
- Otake S, Dee SA, Rossow KD, Deen J, Joo HS, Molitor TW, and Piojan J. (2002): Transmission of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus by fomites (boots and coveralls). J Swine Health Prod, 10, 59-65.
- Otake S, Dee SA, Rossow KD, Joo HS, Deen J, Molitor TW, and Piojan J. (2002): Transmission of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus by needles. Vet Rec, 150, 114-115.
- Otake S, Dee SA, Rossow KD, Moon RD, and Pijoan J. (2002): Mechanical transmission of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus by mosquitoes, Aedes vexans (Meigen). Can J Vet Res, 66, 191-195.
- Otake S, Dee SA, Rossow KD, Moon RD, Tricado C, and Pijoan C. (2003): Transmission of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus by houseflies (Musca domestica). Vet Rec, 152, 73-76.
- Plagemann PGW. (2003): Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus: Origin Hypotthesis. Emerg Infec Diseseases, 9, 8.
- Saliki JT, Rodgers SJ, and Eskew G. (1998): Serosurvey of selected viral and bacterial diseases in wild swine from Oklahoma. Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 34, 834–838.
- Shi M, Lam TTY, Hon CC, Hui RKH, Faaberg KS, Wennblom T, Murtaugh MP, Stadejek T, Leung FCC. (2010): Molecular epidemiology of PRRSV : A phylogenetic perspective. Virus Res, 154, 7-17.
- Storgaard T, Oleksiewicz M, and Botner A. (1999): Examination of the selective pressures on a live PRRSV vaccine virus. Arch Virol, 144, 2389–2401.
- Terpstra C, Wensvoort G, and Pol JMA. (1991): Experimental reproduction of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (mystery swine disease) by infection with Lelystad virus: koch’s postulated fulfilled. Vet Q, 13, 131-136.
- Thanawongnuwech R, Amonsin A, Tatsanakit A, and Damrongwatanapokin S. (2004): Genetics and geographical variation of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in Thailand. Vet Microbiol, 101, 9-21.
- Torremorell M, Pijoan C, Janni K, Walker R, and Joo HS. (1997): Airborne transmission of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in nursery pigs. Am J Vet Res, 58, 828-832.
- Wensvoort G, Terpstra C, Pol JM, terLaak EA, Bloemraad M, de Kluyver EP, Kragten C, van Buiten L, den Besten A, Wagenaar F, Broekhuhsen JM, Moonen PLJM, Zetstra T, de Boer EA, Tibben HJ, de Jong MF, van't Veld P, Greenland GJR, van Gennep JA, Th. Voets M, Verheijden JHM, and Braamskamp J. (1991): Mystery swine disease in the Netherlands:the isolation of Lelystad virus. Veterinary Quarterly, 13, 121- 130.
- Yoon SH, Song JY, Lee CH, Choi EJ, Cho IS, and Kim B. (2008): Genetic characterization of the Korean porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses based on the nucleocapsid protein gene (ORF7) sequences. Arch Virol, 153, 627–635.
- Zhou L, and Yang H. (2010): Porcine reproductive respiratory sydrome in China. Virus Research, 154, 31-37. Geliş tarihi: 20.02.2012 / Kabul tarihi: 19.03.3012 Address for correspondence: Taner Karaoglu, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Virology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey. Tel.: +90 312 3170315 ext.366; Fax: +90 312 3173348; E-mail: karaoglu@ankara.edu.tr
Türkiye’de domuzlarda porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)’un ilk tesbitive moleküler karakterizasyonu
Abstract
Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) Virus, domuz endüstrisinde önemli ekonomik kayıplara sebep olan bir hastalıktır. Virus, Avrupa ve Kuzey Amerika olmak üzere iki genotipe sahiptir. PRRS virus enfeksiyonu Kanada, Amerika, Kuzey Kore, Almanya, İspanya, İngiltere, Danimarka ve Yunanistan gibi çeşitli ülkelerde görülmektedir. Virusun Kuzey Amerika genotipi Fransa, Almanya ve Amerika’da yaban domuzlarında serolojik olarak tespit edilmiştir. Türkiye’de şimdiye kadar hastalığın varlığına yönelik olarak bir bilgiye ulaşılmamıştır. Bu çalışmada söz konusu enfeksiyonun hem küçük domuz yetiştiriciliklerinde hem de yaban domuzlarında varlığının araştırılması ve sonrasında enfeksiyonu oluşturan virusun genotipine yönelik bilgilerin elde edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla farklı iki yetiştiricilikten toplam 86 adet nasal swap örneği ile 12 adet yaban domuzundan akciğer doku parçaları alındı. Toplam 98 adet örneğe yapılan one-step RT-PCR testinde % 71.4’lük pozitiflik saptandı. Virusun prevalansı I. yetiştirilicilikte (İzmir) %76.9, II. yetiştirilicikte (Mersin) %61.9 olarak tespit edildi. Yaban domuzlarında ise bu oran %58.3 olarak saptandı. Nükleotid sekans analizi sonucunda genomun ORF 7 bölgesine I.yetiştiricilikte homoloji %96.5, II. yetiştiricilikte ise %98.2 olarak belirlendi. Filogenetik analiz sonucunda çalışmada elde edilen tüm PRRS virusların Amerikan benzeri PRRS virusları içinde yer aldığı tespit edildi. Bu çalışma Türkiye’de evcil ve yaban domuzları arasında PRRSV yönünden yapılan ilk çalışmadır
Keywords
References
- Albina E, Madec F, Cariolet R, and Torrison J. (1994): Immune response and persistence of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in infected pigs and farm units. Vet Rec, 134, 567-573.
- Albina E, Mesplede A, Chenut G, LePotier MF, Bourbao G, LeGal S, and Leforban Y. (2000): A serological survey on classical swine fever (Csf), aujeszky’s disease (Ad) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus infections in French wild boar from 1991 to 1998. Vet Microbiol, 77, 43–57.
- Alexopoulos C, Kritas SK, Kyriakis CS, Tzika E, and Kyriakis SC. (2003): The effect of vaccination of sows with an attenuated PRRSV vaccine an their health status and performance in a farm with endemic PRRSV infection. 4th International Symposium Emerging and Re-emerging Pig Diseaes – Rome. June 29th–July 2nd.
- Allende R, Laegreid WW, Kutish GF, Galeota JA, Wills RW, and Osorio FA. (2000): Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus: description of persistence in individual pigs upon experimental infection. J Virol, 74, 10834-10837.
- Benfield DA, Nelson E, Collins JE, Haris L, Goyal SM, Robison D, Christianson WT, Morrison RB, Gorcyca D, and Chladek D. (1992): Characterization of swine infertility and respiratory syndrome (SIRS) virus (isolate ATCC VR-2332). J Vet Diag Invest, 4, 127-133.
- Botner A, Strandbygaard B, Sorensen KJ, Have P, Madsen KG, Madsen ES, and Alexandersen S. (1997): Appearance of acute PRRS-like symptoms in sow herds after vaccination with a modified live PRRS vaccine. Vet Rec, 141, 497–499.
- Cavanagh D. (1997): Nidovirales:a new order comprising Coronavirdea and Arteriviridea. Arch.Virol, 142, 629-633.
- Cha S-H, Choi E-J, Park J-H, Yoon S-R, Song J-Y, Kwon J-H, Song H-J, and Yoon K-J. (2006): Molecular characterization of recent Korean porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) viruses and comparison to other Asian PRRS viruses. Vet Microbiol, 117, 248–257.
- Damrongwatanapokin S, Arsayuth K, Kongkrong C, Parchariyanon S, Pinyochon W, and Tantaswasdi U. (1996): Serological studies and isolation of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus in Thailand. J Thai Vet Med Assoc, 47, 19–30.
- Done SH, and Paton DJ. (1995): Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrom: clinical disease, pathology and immunosupression. Vet Rec, 136, 32-35.
- Elbers ARW, Dekkers LJM, and Van Der Giessen JWB.. (2000): Sero-surveillance of wild boar in the Netherlands,1996 –1999. Rev Sci Tech Off Epizoo, 19, 848 – 854.
- Kumar S, Tamura K, and Nei M. (2004): MEGA3: Integrated software for molecular volutionary genetics analysis and sequence alignment. Brief Bioinform, 5, 150- 163.
- Labddomada A. (2000): Incidence and control of CSF in wild boar in Europe. Vet Microbiol, 73, 121–130.
- Meng XJ. (2000): Heterogeneity of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus: implications for current vaccine efficacy and future vaccine development. Vet Microbiol, 74, 309–329.
- Meulenberg JJM, Hulst MM, DeMeijer EJ, Moonen PLJM, Den Besten A, DeKluyver EP, Wensvoort G, and Moormann RJM. (1993): Lelystad virus, the causative agent of porcine epidemic abortion and respiratory syndrome (Pears), Is related to LDV and EAV. Virology, 192, 62-72.
- Meulenberg JJM. (1998): Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) molecular characterization of the agent. In: proceedings of fifteenth IPVS congress, Birmingham, 149–157.
- Murtaugh MP, Elam MR, and Kakach LT. (1995): Comparison of the structural protein coding sequences of the VR-2332 and Lelystad virus strains of the PRRS virus. Arch Virol, 140, 1451–1460.
- Nielsen J, Botner A, Bille–Hansen V, Oleksiewichz MB, and Storgaard T. (2002): Experimantal inoculation of late term pregnant sows with a field isolate of porcine reproductive respiratory syndrome vaccine – derived virus. Vet Microbiol, 84, 1-13.
- Oslage U, Dahle J, Muller T, Kramer M, Biereir D, and Liess B. (1994): Antibody prevalence of hog cholera, Aujeszky’s disease and the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in wild boar in the Federal States Saschen Anhalt and Brandeburg (Germany). DTW, 101, 33–38.
- Otake S, Dee SA, Rossow KD, Deen J, Joo HS, Molitor TW, and Piojan J. (2002): Transmission of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus by fomites (boots and coveralls). J Swine Health Prod, 10, 59-65.
- Otake S, Dee SA, Rossow KD, Joo HS, Deen J, Molitor TW, and Piojan J. (2002): Transmission of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus by needles. Vet Rec, 150, 114-115.
- Otake S, Dee SA, Rossow KD, Moon RD, and Pijoan J. (2002): Mechanical transmission of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus by mosquitoes, Aedes vexans (Meigen). Can J Vet Res, 66, 191-195.
- Otake S, Dee SA, Rossow KD, Moon RD, Tricado C, and Pijoan C. (2003): Transmission of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus by houseflies (Musca domestica). Vet Rec, 152, 73-76.
- Plagemann PGW. (2003): Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus: Origin Hypotthesis. Emerg Infec Diseseases, 9, 8.
- Saliki JT, Rodgers SJ, and Eskew G. (1998): Serosurvey of selected viral and bacterial diseases in wild swine from Oklahoma. Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 34, 834–838.
- Shi M, Lam TTY, Hon CC, Hui RKH, Faaberg KS, Wennblom T, Murtaugh MP, Stadejek T, Leung FCC. (2010): Molecular epidemiology of PRRSV : A phylogenetic perspective. Virus Res, 154, 7-17.
- Storgaard T, Oleksiewicz M, and Botner A. (1999): Examination of the selective pressures on a live PRRSV vaccine virus. Arch Virol, 144, 2389–2401.
- Terpstra C, Wensvoort G, and Pol JMA. (1991): Experimental reproduction of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (mystery swine disease) by infection with Lelystad virus: koch’s postulated fulfilled. Vet Q, 13, 131-136.
- Thanawongnuwech R, Amonsin A, Tatsanakit A, and Damrongwatanapokin S. (2004): Genetics and geographical variation of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in Thailand. Vet Microbiol, 101, 9-21.
- Torremorell M, Pijoan C, Janni K, Walker R, and Joo HS. (1997): Airborne transmission of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in nursery pigs. Am J Vet Res, 58, 828-832.
- Wensvoort G, Terpstra C, Pol JM, terLaak EA, Bloemraad M, de Kluyver EP, Kragten C, van Buiten L, den Besten A, Wagenaar F, Broekhuhsen JM, Moonen PLJM, Zetstra T, de Boer EA, Tibben HJ, de Jong MF, van't Veld P, Greenland GJR, van Gennep JA, Th. Voets M, Verheijden JHM, and Braamskamp J. (1991): Mystery swine disease in the Netherlands:the isolation of Lelystad virus. Veterinary Quarterly, 13, 121- 130.
- Yoon SH, Song JY, Lee CH, Choi EJ, Cho IS, and Kim B. (2008): Genetic characterization of the Korean porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses based on the nucleocapsid protein gene (ORF7) sequences. Arch Virol, 153, 627–635.
- Zhou L, and Yang H. (2010): Porcine reproductive respiratory sydrome in China. Virus Research, 154, 31-37. Geliş tarihi: 20.02.2012 / Kabul tarihi: 19.03.3012 Address for correspondence: Taner Karaoglu, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Virology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey. Tel.: +90 312 3170315 ext.366; Fax: +90 312 3173348; E-mail: karaoglu@ankara.edu.tr
There are 33 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Veterinary Surgery |
| Other ID | JA98MD54YV |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | September 1, 2012 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2012Volume: 59 Issue: 3 |