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Inactivation of indicator bacteria in treated municipal wastewater and biosolids by gamma irradiation

Year 2011, Volume: 58 Issue: 1, 55 - 59, 01.03.2011

Zişan Emre Gülay Altay Çapın Seyit Canpolat Hülya Mert

https://doi.org/10.1501/Vetfak_0000002449
Cited By: 1

Abstract

Increasing growth of the world’s population, waste minimization policies and agricultural needs make the recycling of domestic wastewater quite a desirable practice. Factors like environmental and public health risks must be taken into account when considering treated wastewater for field irrigation and biosolids for land application. Wastewater disinfection is achieved via chlorination or UV-irradiation. In this study, an alternative disinfectant, gamma radiation is investigated. It is found that 60Co-gamma irradiation could be effectively used for the disinfection of effluents from the municipal wastewater treatment plants, and gamma radiation dose of at least 5000 Gy was required for the inactivation Enterococcus sp., the most resistant bacteria among the indicator bacteria tested

Keywords

Disinfection gamma irradiation indicator bacteria municipal wastewater

References

  • American Public Health Association (1998): Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 20th ed., Am. Publ. Health Assc., Inc., New York.
  • Aslan G (2005): Sularla Bulaşan İnfeksiyonlar. IV. Ulusal Sindirim Yoluyla Bulaşan İnfeksiyonlar Simpozyumu, 16- 20 Mayıs 2005, Mersin, pp.152-163.
  • Ayres RM, Mara DD (1996): Analysis of Wastewater for use in Agriculture. WHO, Geneva.
  • Bilgin N, Eyüpoğlu H, Üstün H (2002): Biyokatıların (Arıtma Çamurlarının) Arazide Kullanımı. Ankara Büyükşehir Belediyesi, Su ve Kanalizasyon İdaresi Genel Müdürlüğü Arıtma Tesisi Dairesi Başkanlığı ve Köy Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü Ankara Araştırma Enstitüsü Ortak Yayını, Ankara.
  • Bitton G (2005): Wastewater Microbiology. 3rd Edition, Wiley-Liss, Hoboken, New Jersey, USA.
  • Black JL, Jaczynski, J (2008): Effect of water activity on the inactivation kinetics of Escherichia coli O157:H7 by electron beam in ground beef, chicken breast meat, and trout fillets. Int J Food Sci Tech, 43, 579–586.
  • Brandon JR, Burge WD, Enkiri NK (1977): Inactivation by ionizing radiation of Salmonella enteritidis serotype montevideo grown in composed sewage sludge. Appl Environ Microbiol, 33, 1011-1012.
  • Cecile Willert (2005): Biosolids Pellet Review Study, Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment. Prepared for Toronto Public Health, Project No. ONT36194, Jacques Whitford Ltd., Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Reaching: http://www.toronto.ca/health/hphe/pdf/abtp_presentation2. pdf Access date: 04 July 2006
  • Chauret C, Springthorpe S, Sattar S (1999): Fate of Cryptosporidium oocysts, Giardia cysts, and microbial indicators during wastewater treatment and anaerobic sludge digestion. Can J Microbiol, 45, 257-262.
  • Cheng CM, Boyle WC, Goepfert JM (1971): Rapid quantitative method for Salmonella detection in polluted waters. Appl Microbiol, 21, 662-667.
  • Çeber K, Aslan G, Otağ F, Delialioğlu N ve ark. (2005): Mersin ilinde içme suyu, kullanma suyu, atık su ve deniz sularında Cryptosporidium spp. oocystlerinin araştırılması. Türkiye Parazitol Derg, 29, 224-228.
  • Etzel JE, Born GS, Stein J, Helbing TJ, Baney G (1969): Sewage sludge conditioning and disinfection by gamma irradiation. Am Public Health Assoc, 59, 2067- 2076.
  • Farooq S, Kurucz CN, Waite TD, Cooper WJ (1993): Disinfection of wastewaters: high energy electron vs gamma irradiation. Water Res, 27, 1177-1184.
  • Gehr R, Wagner M, Veerasubramanian P, Payment P (2003): Disinfection efficiency of peracetic acid, UV and ozone after enhanced primary treatment of municipal wastewater. Water Res, 37, 4573-4586.
  • Howard I, Espigare E, Lardelli P, Martin JL, Espigares M (2004): Evaluation of microbiological and physicochemical indicators for wastewater treatment. Environ Toxicol, 19, 241-249.
  • International Atomic Energy Agency (1990): Technical Document, Prooceedings of the Joint ASCE-IAEA Meeting on Radiation Treatment, Washington DC.
  • International Atomic Energy Agency (2001): Use of Irradiation for Chemical and Microbial Decontamination of Water, Wastewater and Sludge. Technical Document- 1225, Vienna, Austria.
  • Keller R, Passamani F, Vaz L, Cassini ST, Goncalves RF (2003): Inactivation of Salmonella spp. from secondary and tertiary effluents by UV irradiation. Water Sci Technol, 47, 147-150.
  • Köksal F (2002): Kaynak sularının Giardia ve Cryptosporidium yönünden incelenmesi. Türk Mikrobiyol Cem Derg, 32, 275-277.
  • Lemarchand K, Lebaron P (2003): Occurrence of Salmonella spp. and Cryptosporidium spp. in a french coastal watershed: relationship with fecal indicators. FEMS Microbiol Lett, 218, 203-209.
  • Lessel T, Suess A (1984): Ten-year experience in operation of a sludge treatment plant using gamma irradiation. Radn Phys Chem J, 24, 3-16.
  • Lisle JT, Smith JJ, Edwards DD, McFeter GA (2004): Occurrence of microbial indicators and Clostridium perfringens in wastewater, water column samples, sediments, drinking water, and weddell seal feces collected at McMurdo Station, Antarctica. Appl Environ Microbiol, 70, 7269-7276.
  • Mavridou A, Kouloubis P, Vassalou E, Rigas F, Vakalis N (2001): Microbiological quality of sewages sludge in Greece disposed for agricultural use. Int J Environ Health Res, 11, 275-279.
  • Oppenheimer JA, Jacangelo JG, Laine JM, Hoagland JE (1997): Testing the equivalency of ultraviolet light and chlorine for disinfection of wastewater to reclamation standards. Water Environ Res, 69, 14-24.
  • Rawat KP, Sharma A, Rao SM (1998): Microbiological and physical analysis of radiation disinfected municipal sewage. Water Res, 32, 737-740.
  • Richter SG, Barnard J (2002): The radiation resistance of ascospores and sclerotia of Pyronema domesticum. J Industrial Microbiol Biotech, 29, 51 –54.
  • Rimhanen-Finne R, Vuorinen A, Marmo S, Malmberg S, Hanninen ML (2004): Comparative analysis of Cryptosporidium, Giardia and indicator bacteria during sewage sludge hygienization in various composting processes. Lett Applied Microbiol, 38, 301-305.
  • Saleem M, Al-Malack H, Bukhari AA (2001): Seasonal variations in the microbial population density present in biological sludge. Environ Technol, 22, 255-259.
  • Snyder OP, Poland DM (1995): Food irradiation today. Reaching: http://www.hi-tm.com/Documents/Irrad.html#killingdoses Access date: 17 May 2006
  • Taghipour F (2004): Ultraviolet and ionizing radiation for microorganism inactivation. Water Res, 38, 3940- 3948.
  • Teltsch B, Kemdi S, Bonnet L, Borenzstajn-Rotem Y, Katzenelson E (1980): Isolation and identification of pathogenic microorganisms at wastewater-irrigated fields: ratios in air and wastewater. Appl Environ Microbiol, 39, 1183-1190.
  • Thayer DW, Rajkowski KT, Boyd G, Cooke PH, Soroka DS (2003): Inactivation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella by gamma irradiation of alfalfa seed intended for production of food sprouts. J Food Protect, 66,175-181.
  • Thompson JE, Blatchley ER (2000): Gamma irradiation for inactivation of C.parvum, E.coli and Coliphage MS-2. J Envir Engrg, 126,761-768.
  • US-EPA (2003): Environmental Regulations and Technology, EPA/625/R-92/0., Appendix F- Sample preparation for fecal coliform tests and Salmonella sp. analysis. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. Reaching: http://www.epa.gov/nrmrl/pubs/625r92013/625R92013.pdf Access date : 28 January 2005
  • US-EPA (2004): Use of Reclaimed Water and Sludge in Food Crop Production, Chapter 5- Public health concerns about infectious disease agents, pp 89-99. Reaching :
  • http://www.epa.gov/owmitnet/mtb/biosolids/useofmid/mstr -ch5.pdf Access date : 03 June 2005
  • Wizigmann, I., and E. Wursching. (1975): Experience with a pilot plant for the irradiation of sewage sludge: bacterial and parasitological studies after irradiation. p. 477-484. In proceedings of the IAEA symposium on radiation for a clean environment. International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria.
  • World Health Organization (1989): Health guidelines for the safe use of wastewater in agriculture and aquaculture. Tech Rep Series 778. WHO, Geneva.
  • Zagory, D. (2000): Produce irradiation – The not-so- silver-bullet. Reaching: http://www.davisfreshtech.com/articles_pro_irradiation.pdf Access date : 08 May 2006

Belediye arıtılmış atıksu ve biyokatılarında bulunan indikatör bakterilerin gama ışınlama ileinaktivasyonu

Year 2011, Volume: 58 Issue: 1, 55 - 59, 01.03.2011

Zişan Emre Gülay Altay Çapın Seyit Canpolat Hülya Mert

https://doi.org/10.1501/Vetfak_0000002449
Cited By: 1

Abstract

Dünya nüfusundaki artış, atıkların azaltılması politikası ve tarımsal gereksinimler evsel nitelikli atıksuların arıtılarak tekrar kullanımını istenen bir uygulama haline getirmiştir. Arıtılmış atıksuların tarım arazilerinin sulanmasında ve biyokatıların gübre olarak kullanımında ortaya çıkabilecek çevre ve halk sağlığına ilişkin risk faktörleri dikkate alınmalıdır. Atıksuların dezenfeksiyonu klorlama veya ultraviyole ışınlama ile sağlanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada gama ışınlama alternatif bir dezenfektan olarak araştırılmıştır. Sonuç olarak 60Co-gama ışınlamanın belediye arıtılmış atıksularının dezenfeksiyonunda etkili olduğu ve incelenen indikatör bakteriler içinde en dirençli olan Enterokok türleri dikkate alındığında en az 5000 Gy radyasyon dozunun uygulanması gerektiği belirlenmiştir

Keywords

Belediye atıksuyu dezenfeksiyon gama ışınlama indikatör bakteri

References

  • American Public Health Association (1998): Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 20th ed., Am. Publ. Health Assc., Inc., New York.
  • Aslan G (2005): Sularla Bulaşan İnfeksiyonlar. IV. Ulusal Sindirim Yoluyla Bulaşan İnfeksiyonlar Simpozyumu, 16- 20 Mayıs 2005, Mersin, pp.152-163.
  • Ayres RM, Mara DD (1996): Analysis of Wastewater for use in Agriculture. WHO, Geneva.
  • Bilgin N, Eyüpoğlu H, Üstün H (2002): Biyokatıların (Arıtma Çamurlarının) Arazide Kullanımı. Ankara Büyükşehir Belediyesi, Su ve Kanalizasyon İdaresi Genel Müdürlüğü Arıtma Tesisi Dairesi Başkanlığı ve Köy Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü Ankara Araştırma Enstitüsü Ortak Yayını, Ankara.
  • Bitton G (2005): Wastewater Microbiology. 3rd Edition, Wiley-Liss, Hoboken, New Jersey, USA.
  • Black JL, Jaczynski, J (2008): Effect of water activity on the inactivation kinetics of Escherichia coli O157:H7 by electron beam in ground beef, chicken breast meat, and trout fillets. Int J Food Sci Tech, 43, 579–586.
  • Brandon JR, Burge WD, Enkiri NK (1977): Inactivation by ionizing radiation of Salmonella enteritidis serotype montevideo grown in composed sewage sludge. Appl Environ Microbiol, 33, 1011-1012.
  • Cecile Willert (2005): Biosolids Pellet Review Study, Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessment. Prepared for Toronto Public Health, Project No. ONT36194, Jacques Whitford Ltd., Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Reaching: http://www.toronto.ca/health/hphe/pdf/abtp_presentation2. pdf Access date: 04 July 2006
  • Chauret C, Springthorpe S, Sattar S (1999): Fate of Cryptosporidium oocysts, Giardia cysts, and microbial indicators during wastewater treatment and anaerobic sludge digestion. Can J Microbiol, 45, 257-262.
  • Cheng CM, Boyle WC, Goepfert JM (1971): Rapid quantitative method for Salmonella detection in polluted waters. Appl Microbiol, 21, 662-667.
  • Çeber K, Aslan G, Otağ F, Delialioğlu N ve ark. (2005): Mersin ilinde içme suyu, kullanma suyu, atık su ve deniz sularında Cryptosporidium spp. oocystlerinin araştırılması. Türkiye Parazitol Derg, 29, 224-228.
  • Etzel JE, Born GS, Stein J, Helbing TJ, Baney G (1969): Sewage sludge conditioning and disinfection by gamma irradiation. Am Public Health Assoc, 59, 2067- 2076.
  • Farooq S, Kurucz CN, Waite TD, Cooper WJ (1993): Disinfection of wastewaters: high energy electron vs gamma irradiation. Water Res, 27, 1177-1184.
  • Gehr R, Wagner M, Veerasubramanian P, Payment P (2003): Disinfection efficiency of peracetic acid, UV and ozone after enhanced primary treatment of municipal wastewater. Water Res, 37, 4573-4586.
  • Howard I, Espigare E, Lardelli P, Martin JL, Espigares M (2004): Evaluation of microbiological and physicochemical indicators for wastewater treatment. Environ Toxicol, 19, 241-249.
  • International Atomic Energy Agency (1990): Technical Document, Prooceedings of the Joint ASCE-IAEA Meeting on Radiation Treatment, Washington DC.
  • International Atomic Energy Agency (2001): Use of Irradiation for Chemical and Microbial Decontamination of Water, Wastewater and Sludge. Technical Document- 1225, Vienna, Austria.
  • Keller R, Passamani F, Vaz L, Cassini ST, Goncalves RF (2003): Inactivation of Salmonella spp. from secondary and tertiary effluents by UV irradiation. Water Sci Technol, 47, 147-150.
  • Köksal F (2002): Kaynak sularının Giardia ve Cryptosporidium yönünden incelenmesi. Türk Mikrobiyol Cem Derg, 32, 275-277.
  • Lemarchand K, Lebaron P (2003): Occurrence of Salmonella spp. and Cryptosporidium spp. in a french coastal watershed: relationship with fecal indicators. FEMS Microbiol Lett, 218, 203-209.
  • Lessel T, Suess A (1984): Ten-year experience in operation of a sludge treatment plant using gamma irradiation. Radn Phys Chem J, 24, 3-16.
  • Lisle JT, Smith JJ, Edwards DD, McFeter GA (2004): Occurrence of microbial indicators and Clostridium perfringens in wastewater, water column samples, sediments, drinking water, and weddell seal feces collected at McMurdo Station, Antarctica. Appl Environ Microbiol, 70, 7269-7276.
  • Mavridou A, Kouloubis P, Vassalou E, Rigas F, Vakalis N (2001): Microbiological quality of sewages sludge in Greece disposed for agricultural use. Int J Environ Health Res, 11, 275-279.
  • Oppenheimer JA, Jacangelo JG, Laine JM, Hoagland JE (1997): Testing the equivalency of ultraviolet light and chlorine for disinfection of wastewater to reclamation standards. Water Environ Res, 69, 14-24.
  • Rawat KP, Sharma A, Rao SM (1998): Microbiological and physical analysis of radiation disinfected municipal sewage. Water Res, 32, 737-740.
  • Richter SG, Barnard J (2002): The radiation resistance of ascospores and sclerotia of Pyronema domesticum. J Industrial Microbiol Biotech, 29, 51 –54.
  • Rimhanen-Finne R, Vuorinen A, Marmo S, Malmberg S, Hanninen ML (2004): Comparative analysis of Cryptosporidium, Giardia and indicator bacteria during sewage sludge hygienization in various composting processes. Lett Applied Microbiol, 38, 301-305.
  • Saleem M, Al-Malack H, Bukhari AA (2001): Seasonal variations in the microbial population density present in biological sludge. Environ Technol, 22, 255-259.
  • Snyder OP, Poland DM (1995): Food irradiation today. Reaching: http://www.hi-tm.com/Documents/Irrad.html#killingdoses Access date: 17 May 2006
  • Taghipour F (2004): Ultraviolet and ionizing radiation for microorganism inactivation. Water Res, 38, 3940- 3948.
  • Teltsch B, Kemdi S, Bonnet L, Borenzstajn-Rotem Y, Katzenelson E (1980): Isolation and identification of pathogenic microorganisms at wastewater-irrigated fields: ratios in air and wastewater. Appl Environ Microbiol, 39, 1183-1190.
  • Thayer DW, Rajkowski KT, Boyd G, Cooke PH, Soroka DS (2003): Inactivation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella by gamma irradiation of alfalfa seed intended for production of food sprouts. J Food Protect, 66,175-181.
  • Thompson JE, Blatchley ER (2000): Gamma irradiation for inactivation of C.parvum, E.coli and Coliphage MS-2. J Envir Engrg, 126,761-768.
  • US-EPA (2003): Environmental Regulations and Technology, EPA/625/R-92/0., Appendix F- Sample preparation for fecal coliform tests and Salmonella sp. analysis. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. Reaching: http://www.epa.gov/nrmrl/pubs/625r92013/625R92013.pdf Access date : 28 January 2005
  • US-EPA (2004): Use of Reclaimed Water and Sludge in Food Crop Production, Chapter 5- Public health concerns about infectious disease agents, pp 89-99. Reaching :
  • http://www.epa.gov/owmitnet/mtb/biosolids/useofmid/mstr -ch5.pdf Access date : 03 June 2005
  • Wizigmann, I., and E. Wursching. (1975): Experience with a pilot plant for the irradiation of sewage sludge: bacterial and parasitological studies after irradiation. p. 477-484. In proceedings of the IAEA symposium on radiation for a clean environment. International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria.
  • World Health Organization (1989): Health guidelines for the safe use of wastewater in agriculture and aquaculture. Tech Rep Series 778. WHO, Geneva.
  • Zagory, D. (2000): Produce irradiation – The not-so- silver-bullet. Reaching: http://www.davisfreshtech.com/articles_pro_irradiation.pdf Access date : 08 May 2006
There are 39 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Veterinary Surgery
Other ID JA89MM38JR
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Zişan Emre

Gülay Altay Çapın

Seyit Canpolat

Hülya Mert

Publication Date March 1, 2011
Published in Issue Year 2011Volume: 58 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Emre, Z., Çapın, G. A., Canpolat, S., Mert, H. (2011). Inactivation of indicator bacteria in treated municipal wastewater and biosolids by gamma irradiation. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 58(1), 55-59. https://doi.org/10.1501/Vetfak_0000002449
AMA Emre Z, Çapın GA, Canpolat S, Mert H. Inactivation of indicator bacteria in treated municipal wastewater and biosolids by gamma irradiation. Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg. March 2011;58(1):55-59. doi:10.1501/Vetfak_0000002449
Chicago Emre, Zişan, Gülay Altay Çapın, Seyit Canpolat, and Hülya Mert. “Inactivation of Indicator Bacteria in Treated Municipal Wastewater and Biosolids by Gamma Irradiation”. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 58, no. 1 (March 2011): 55-59. https://doi.org/10.1501/Vetfak_0000002449.
EndNote Emre Z, Çapın GA, Canpolat S, Mert H (March 1, 2011) Inactivation of indicator bacteria in treated municipal wastewater and biosolids by gamma irradiation. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 58 1 55–59.
IEEE Z. Emre, G. A. Çapın, S. Canpolat, and H. Mert, “Inactivation of indicator bacteria in treated municipal wastewater and biosolids by gamma irradiation”, Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg, vol. 58, no. 1, pp. 55–59, 2011, doi: 10.1501/Vetfak_0000002449.
ISNAD Emre, Zişan et al. “Inactivation of Indicator Bacteria in Treated Municipal Wastewater and Biosolids by Gamma Irradiation”. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 58/1 (March 2011), 55-59. https://doi.org/10.1501/Vetfak_0000002449.
JAMA Emre Z, Çapın GA, Canpolat S, Mert H. Inactivation of indicator bacteria in treated municipal wastewater and biosolids by gamma irradiation. Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2011;58:55–59.
MLA Emre, Zişan et al. “Inactivation of Indicator Bacteria in Treated Municipal Wastewater and Biosolids by Gamma Irradiation”. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 58, no. 1, 2011, pp. 55-59, doi:10.1501/Vetfak_0000002449.
Vancouver Emre Z, Çapın GA, Canpolat S, Mert H. Inactivation of indicator bacteria in treated municipal wastewater and biosolids by gamma irradiation. Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2011;58(1):55-9.

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