Abstract
In the study, it was purposed that detection of apoptotic changes with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP-digoxigenin nick end-labelling (TUNEL) method in the cerebellum of 10 dogs (n:3 females, n:7 males), varied 3 months to 2.5 years-old, different breed (1 Husky, 9 Mongrel) and sex (3 females, 7 males) in distemper disease. Histopathologically, acute (n:4) and chronic (n:6) nonpurulent encephalitis, moderate and/or mild demyelination, and intranuclear inclusion bodies were seen. Immunohistochemically distemper virus antigen was also detected in demyelinated white matter, astrocytes, and inclusion bodies in all dogs by using monoclonal canine distemper virus nucleoprotein sera. Morphologically multiple consendations of nuclear chromatin in astrocytes were found with Cresyl violet stain. TUNEL reaction in markedly astrocytes localized surrounding the demyelination areas, rarely inclusion bodies, gemistocytic astrocytes, Gitter cells in white matter and granular layer of cerebellum was demonstrated. The reactions in chronic inflammatory lesions were also detected in perivascular mononuclear cells
Keywords
References
- Bollo E, Zurbriggen A, Vandevelde M, Fankhauser R (1986): Canine distemper virus clearance in chronic inflammatory demyelination. Acta Neuropathol, 72, 69-73.
- Bonetti B, Raine CS (1997): Multiple sclerosis: Oligodendrocytes display cell death-related molecules in situ but do not undergo apoptosis. Ann Neurol, 42, 74-84.
- Glaus T, Griot C, Richard A, Althaus U, Herschkowitz N, Vandevelde M (1990): Ultrastructural and biochemical findings in brain cell cultures infected with canine distemper virus. Acta Neuropathol, 80, 59-67.
- Graber HU, Muller CF, Vandevelde M, Zurbriggen A (1995): Restricted infection with canine distemper virus leads to down regulation of myelin gene transcription in cultured oligodendrocytes. Acta Neuropathol, 90, 312-318.
- Granville DJ, Carthy CM, Hunt DW, McManus BM (1998): Apoptosis: Molecular aspects of cell death and disease. Lab Invest, 78, 893-913.
- Griot C, Bürge T, Vandevelde M, Peterhans E (1989): Antibody-induced generation of reactive oxygen radicals by brain macrophages in canine distemper encephalitis: A mechanism for by-stander demyelination. Acta Neuropathol, 78, 396-403.
- Guo A, Lu CP (2000): Canine distemper virus causes apoptosis of Vero cells. J Vet Med B, 47, 183-190.
- Headley SA, Soares IC, Graca DL (2001): Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) - immunoreactive astrocytes in dogs infected with canine distemper virus. J Comp Path, 125, 90-97.
- Higgins RJ, Krakowka SG, Metzler AE, Koestner A (1982): Primary demyelination in experimental canine distemper virus induced encephalomyelitis in gnotobiotic dogs. Acta Neuropathol, 58, 1-8.
- Jackson AC, Rossiter JP (1997): Apoptosis plays an important role in experimental rabies virus infection. J Virol, 71, 5603-7.
- Lewis J, Wesselingh SL, Griffin DE, Hardwick JM (1996): Alphavirus-induced apoptosis in mouse brains correlates with neurovirulence. J Virol, 70:1828-1835.
- Majno G, Joris I (1995): Apoptosis, oncosis, and necrosis. An overview of cell death. Am J Pathol, 146, 3-15.
- Moro L, Martins AS, Alves CM, Santos FGA, Del Puerto HL, Vasconcelos AC (2003a): Apoptosis in the Cerebellum of Dogs with Distemper. J Vet Med B, 50, 221-225.
- Moro L, Martins AS, Alves CM, Santos FG, Del Puerto HL, Santos Nunes JE, Carneiro RA, Carvalho R, Vasconcelos AC (2003b): Apoptosis in Canine Distemper. Arch Virol, 148,153-164.
- Nishi T, Tsukiyama-Kohara K, Togashi K, Kohriyama N, Kai C (2004): Involvement of apoptosis in syncytial cell death induced by canine distemper virus. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis, 27, 445-455.
- Oberhaus SM, Smith RL, Clayton GH, Dermody TS, Tylor KL (1997). Reovirus infection and tissue injury in the mouse central nervous system are associated with apoptosis. J Virol, 71, 2100-2106.
- Richter-Landsberg C, Vollgraf U (1998): Mode of cell injury and death after hydrogen peroxide exposure in cultured oligodendroglia cells. Exp Cell Res, 244, 218- 229.
- Schobesberger M, Zurbriggen A, Summerfield A (1999): Oligodendroglial degeneration in distemper: Apoptosis or necrosis? Acta Neuropathol, 97, 279-287.
- Schobesberger M, Zurbriggen A, Doherr MG, Weissenböck H, Vandevelde M, Lassmann H, Griot C (2002): Demyelination precedes oligodendrocyte loss in canine distemper virus-induced encephalitis. Acta Neuropathol, 103, 11-19.
- Summers BA, Apel MJG (1994): Aspects of canine distemper virus and measles virus encephalomyelitis. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol, 20, 525-534.
- Vandevelde M, Zurbriggen A, Higgins RJ, Palmer D (1985): Spread and distrubution of viral antigen in nervous canine distemper. Acta Neuropathol, 67, 211-218.
- Verhagen AM, Voux DL (1999): Molecular mechanism of apoptosis. Res Problems Cell Differ, 23, 10-24.
- Zurbriggen A, Schmid I, Graber HU, Vandevelde M (1998): Oligodendroglial pathology in canine distemper. Acta Neuropathol, 95, 71-77.
Abstract
Bu çalışmada, canine distemper virusu belirlenen 3 ay-2.5 yaşlı, değişik ırk (1 Husky, 9 melez) ve cinsiyetteki (3 dişi, 7 erkek) 10 adet köpeğin serebellumunda TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP-digoxigenin nick endlabeling) metodu ile gözlenen apoptotik değişiklikler araştırıldı. Histopatolojik incelemede 4 hayvanda akut, 6 hayvanda da kronik nonpurulent ensefalitise ve demyelinasyona (hafif ve/veya orta şiddette) ilgili bulgular gözlendi. Monoclonal canine distemper virus nucleoprotein serumu kullanılarak yapılan immunohistokimyasal boyamada demyelinize beyaz maddede, astrositlerde ve inkluzyon cisimciklerinde distemper virusu antijeni saptandı. Morfolojik olarak Cresyl violet boyamasında, astrositlerde kromatinin kaba partiküller halinde çekirdek membranına yakın olarak toplandığı görüldü. TUNEL metodu ile yapılan boyamalarda ise akut olgularda daha yoğun olmak üzere özellikle demyelinize alanların etrafında bulunan astrositlerde, daha nadir olarak da inkluzyon cisimciklerinde, gemistositik astrositlerde, Gitter hücrelerinde, granuler tabaka hücrelerinde ve perivasküler mononüklear hücrelerde apoptotik değişiklikler saptandı
Keywords
References
- Bollo E, Zurbriggen A, Vandevelde M, Fankhauser R (1986): Canine distemper virus clearance in chronic inflammatory demyelination. Acta Neuropathol, 72, 69-73.
- Bonetti B, Raine CS (1997): Multiple sclerosis: Oligodendrocytes display cell death-related molecules in situ but do not undergo apoptosis. Ann Neurol, 42, 74-84.
- Glaus T, Griot C, Richard A, Althaus U, Herschkowitz N, Vandevelde M (1990): Ultrastructural and biochemical findings in brain cell cultures infected with canine distemper virus. Acta Neuropathol, 80, 59-67.
- Graber HU, Muller CF, Vandevelde M, Zurbriggen A (1995): Restricted infection with canine distemper virus leads to down regulation of myelin gene transcription in cultured oligodendrocytes. Acta Neuropathol, 90, 312-318.
- Granville DJ, Carthy CM, Hunt DW, McManus BM (1998): Apoptosis: Molecular aspects of cell death and disease. Lab Invest, 78, 893-913.
- Griot C, Bürge T, Vandevelde M, Peterhans E (1989): Antibody-induced generation of reactive oxygen radicals by brain macrophages in canine distemper encephalitis: A mechanism for by-stander demyelination. Acta Neuropathol, 78, 396-403.
- Guo A, Lu CP (2000): Canine distemper virus causes apoptosis of Vero cells. J Vet Med B, 47, 183-190.
- Headley SA, Soares IC, Graca DL (2001): Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) - immunoreactive astrocytes in dogs infected with canine distemper virus. J Comp Path, 125, 90-97.
- Higgins RJ, Krakowka SG, Metzler AE, Koestner A (1982): Primary demyelination in experimental canine distemper virus induced encephalomyelitis in gnotobiotic dogs. Acta Neuropathol, 58, 1-8.
- Jackson AC, Rossiter JP (1997): Apoptosis plays an important role in experimental rabies virus infection. J Virol, 71, 5603-7.
- Lewis J, Wesselingh SL, Griffin DE, Hardwick JM (1996): Alphavirus-induced apoptosis in mouse brains correlates with neurovirulence. J Virol, 70:1828-1835.
- Majno G, Joris I (1995): Apoptosis, oncosis, and necrosis. An overview of cell death. Am J Pathol, 146, 3-15.
- Moro L, Martins AS, Alves CM, Santos FGA, Del Puerto HL, Vasconcelos AC (2003a): Apoptosis in the Cerebellum of Dogs with Distemper. J Vet Med B, 50, 221-225.
- Moro L, Martins AS, Alves CM, Santos FG, Del Puerto HL, Santos Nunes JE, Carneiro RA, Carvalho R, Vasconcelos AC (2003b): Apoptosis in Canine Distemper. Arch Virol, 148,153-164.
- Nishi T, Tsukiyama-Kohara K, Togashi K, Kohriyama N, Kai C (2004): Involvement of apoptosis in syncytial cell death induced by canine distemper virus. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis, 27, 445-455.
- Oberhaus SM, Smith RL, Clayton GH, Dermody TS, Tylor KL (1997). Reovirus infection and tissue injury in the mouse central nervous system are associated with apoptosis. J Virol, 71, 2100-2106.
- Richter-Landsberg C, Vollgraf U (1998): Mode of cell injury and death after hydrogen peroxide exposure in cultured oligodendroglia cells. Exp Cell Res, 244, 218- 229.
- Schobesberger M, Zurbriggen A, Summerfield A (1999): Oligodendroglial degeneration in distemper: Apoptosis or necrosis? Acta Neuropathol, 97, 279-287.
- Schobesberger M, Zurbriggen A, Doherr MG, Weissenböck H, Vandevelde M, Lassmann H, Griot C (2002): Demyelination precedes oligodendrocyte loss in canine distemper virus-induced encephalitis. Acta Neuropathol, 103, 11-19.
- Summers BA, Apel MJG (1994): Aspects of canine distemper virus and measles virus encephalomyelitis. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol, 20, 525-534.
- Vandevelde M, Zurbriggen A, Higgins RJ, Palmer D (1985): Spread and distrubution of viral antigen in nervous canine distemper. Acta Neuropathol, 67, 211-218.
- Verhagen AM, Voux DL (1999): Molecular mechanism of apoptosis. Res Problems Cell Differ, 23, 10-24.
- Zurbriggen A, Schmid I, Graber HU, Vandevelde M (1998): Oligodendroglial pathology in canine distemper. Acta Neuropathol, 95, 71-77.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Veterinary Surgery |
| Other ID | JA67CB83CB |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | June 1, 2010 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2010Volume: 57 Issue: 2 |