Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the factors affecting racing performance and to estimate the heritability of racing performance in Arabian horses. In this study the records were obtained from 6203 races of 616 male foals of 37 stallions racing at open races in different race tracks in Turkey during the years of 1991-2000. The least squares mean of racing time was found to be 176.29±0.95 seconds and there were significant differences (p<0.001) in racing years, racing distances, racing groups and race tracks. The estimated mean value for the amount of earning was 15660.6±556.7 $ (USA). The effect of mare age, year, distance, racing group, race tracks and foal age on the earning were significant (p<0.05; p<0.001). There were statistically significant differences among mean value of speed (m/second) for all of the investigated factors and the variance among stallions was found to be significant. The heritability of mean speed was estimated as 0.170±0.001 according to paternal half sib correlation method, the heritability according to the mean amount of earnings was 0.46±0.15. In this study heritability for racing performance was found to be moderate and therefore it is concluded that this character was improved by selection
References
- Akçapınar H, Özbeyaz C (1999): Hayvan Yetiştiriciliği Temel Bilgileri. ISBN: 975-96978-0-7, Kariyer Matbaacılık, Ankara.
- Aksüyek B (1990): Devlet Haraları Orijinli Safkan Arap Atlarının Yarış Performanslarının Gelişimi ve Bunu Etkileyen Faktörler. Doktora Tezi, Ankara Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
- Anonim (1990): Türkiye Safkan Arap Atı Soy Kütüğü, Cilt 2. At Yarışları Sonuçları (1991-2000). T.J.K. Yayınları, İstanbul.
- Anonim (1997): JMP Copyright by SAS Institute Inc., Cary, Nc, USA.
- Anonim (2001): SPSS Statistical Package in Social Science for Windows, Statistical Innovations Inc., Serial Number 902 4147.
- Anonim (2003): Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Merkez Bankası resmi web sitesi. Erişim Adresi: http://www.tcmb.gov.tr/yeni/kurlar/kurlar.html.
- Arıtürk E, Yalçın BC (1966): Hayvan Yetiştirmede Seleksiyon. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Yayınları, Yayın No: 194, Ankara.
- Arıtürk E, Akandır M (1984): Atlarda kantitatif karakterlerin seçiminde dikkat edilmesi gereken temel kurallar. Lalahan Hay Araşt Enst Derg, 24, 74-83.
- Arpacık R (1996): At Yetiştiriciliği. ISBN: 975-95817-0- 1, Şahin Matbaası, Ankara.
- Barron JK (1995): The effect of maternal age and parity on the racing performance of throughbred horses. Equine Vet J, 27, 73-75.
- Chico M (1994): Genetic analysis of thoroughbred racing performance in Spain. Ann Zootech, 43, 393-397.
- Chrzanowski S, Koeboke K (1993): Estimation of breeding value of thoroughbred horses on the basis of racing performance of their progeny at the age 2 and 3 years. Animal Breed Abstr, Vol. 62, No 7.
- Chrzanowski S, Lojek J, Kurek A (1998): The comparison of two methods of evaluating the racing performance of Arabian horses. Animal Breed Abstr, Vol. 66, No 4.
- Evans JW, Borton A, Hintz HF, Van Vleck LD (1977): The Horse. W. H. Freeman and Company, San Fransisco.
- Harkins JD, Kamerling SG (1993): Effect of race distance and competition on performance of thoroughbred racehorses. Animal Breed Abstr, Vol. 62, No 1.
- Hintz RL (1977): Factors Influencing Racing Performance of the Standardbred Pacer. Dissertation Abstract International B, 38, 295.
- Hintz RL (1980): Genetics of performance in the horse. J Anim Sci, 51, 582-594.
- Langolish B (1980): Heritability of racing ability in thoroughbreds - a review. Livest Prod Sci, 7, 591-605.
- Martin GS, Strand E, Kearney MT (1996): Use of statistical models to evaluate racing performance in thoroughbreds. J Am Vet Med Assoc, 11, 209.
- Moritsu Y, Funakoshi H, Ichikawa S (1994): Genetic evaluation of sires and environmental factors influencing best racing times of thoroughbred horses in Japan. Animal Breed Abstr, Vol. 63, No 6.
- Moritsu Y, Terai A, Tashiro T (1998): Relationship between sire breeding values for the rating score on turf and dirt racing tracks in thoroughbred racehorses. Animal Breed Abstr, Vol. 67, No 8.
- Oki H, Sasaki Y, Willham RL (1995): Genetic parameter estimates for racing time by restricted maximum likelihood in the throughbred horse of Japan. Animal Breed Abstr, Vol. 63, No 9.
- Özbeyaz C (2006): At Yetiştiriciliği. Ankara Üniv Vet Fak Zootekni Anabilim Dalı Ders Notları, Ankara.
- Pern E (1991): The thoroughbred horse in the last 10 years. Animal Breed Abstr, Vol. 59, No 10.
- Physick - Shard PW, Russell M (1986): Career profile of the Canadian Standardbred. 3. Influence of temporaly absence from racing and season. Can J Vet Res, 50, 471- 478.
- Saastamoinen MT, Nylander A (1995): Genetic and phenotypic parameters for age at starting to race and racing performance during early career in trotters. Livest Prod Sci, 45, 63-68.
- Tolley EA, Notter DR, Marlowe TJ (1983): Heritability and repeatability of speed for 2- and 3-year-old standardbred racehorses. J Anim Sci, Vol. 56, No 6.
- Veno T, Motoyosi S, Tanaka R (1991): Heritability of racing performance of thoroughbreds. Animal Breed Abstr, Vol. 61, No 5.
- Willham RL, Doyle EW (1991): Genetic predictions of racing performance in quarter horses. J Anim Sci, 69, 3891-3894.
- Williamson SA, Beilharz RG (1996): Heritabilities of racing performance in thoroughbreds. A study of Australian data, J Anim Breed Genet, 113, 505-524.
- Yalçın BC (1975): Bazı çevre faktörlerinin verim özellikleri üzerindeki etkilerinin eliminasyonu. İstanbul Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 1, 82-104.
Abstract
Bu çalışmada, Arap atlarında önemli bir özellik olan yarış performansına etki eden faktörlerin incelenmesi ve yarış performansının kalıtım derecesinin hesaplanması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın materyalini; Türkiye’deki değişik hipodromlarda 1991-2000 yılları arasında düzenlenen açık koşularda koşmuş 37 aygırın 616 erkek tayının toplam 6203 koşusuna ait veriler oluşturmuştur. Araştırmada koşu süresine ait beklenen en küçük kareler ortalaması 176.29±0.95 sn olarak bulunmuş olup; koşu yılları, koşu mesafesi, koşu grubu ve koşu pistleri arasındaki farklılıklar önemli (p<0.001) olmuştur. Kazanılan ikramiye miktarlarına ait beklenen ortalama değer 15660.6±556.7 Dolar (ABD) olarak hesaplanmıştır. Kazanılan ikramiyeye etki eden faktörlerden ana yaşının etkisi önemli (p<0.05); yıl, mesafe, koşu grubu, pist ve tay yaşının etkisi ise yüksek düzeyde önemli (p<0.001) bulunmuştur. Ortalama hızlara (m/sn) göre yapılan variyans analizinde tüm incelenen faktörler arasındaki farklılık ve aygırlar arası variyans önemli bulunmuş; Arap atlarında baba bir kardeşler korelasyonuna göre ortalama hızın kalıtım derecesi 0.170±0.001 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Ortalama ikramiye miktarına göre kalıtım derecesi ise yüksek sayılabilecek düzeyde ve 0.46±0.15 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Bu araştırmada; koşu performansına ait kalıtım derecelerinin orta düzeylerde bulunması nedeniyle bu karakterin seleksiyon ile geliştirilebileceği sonucuna varılmıştır
References
- Akçapınar H, Özbeyaz C (1999): Hayvan Yetiştiriciliği Temel Bilgileri. ISBN: 975-96978-0-7, Kariyer Matbaacılık, Ankara.
- Aksüyek B (1990): Devlet Haraları Orijinli Safkan Arap Atlarının Yarış Performanslarının Gelişimi ve Bunu Etkileyen Faktörler. Doktora Tezi, Ankara Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
- Anonim (1990): Türkiye Safkan Arap Atı Soy Kütüğü, Cilt 2. At Yarışları Sonuçları (1991-2000). T.J.K. Yayınları, İstanbul.
- Anonim (1997): JMP Copyright by SAS Institute Inc., Cary, Nc, USA.
- Anonim (2001): SPSS Statistical Package in Social Science for Windows, Statistical Innovations Inc., Serial Number 902 4147.
- Anonim (2003): Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Merkez Bankası resmi web sitesi. Erişim Adresi: http://www.tcmb.gov.tr/yeni/kurlar/kurlar.html.
- Arıtürk E, Yalçın BC (1966): Hayvan Yetiştirmede Seleksiyon. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Yayınları, Yayın No: 194, Ankara.
- Arıtürk E, Akandır M (1984): Atlarda kantitatif karakterlerin seçiminde dikkat edilmesi gereken temel kurallar. Lalahan Hay Araşt Enst Derg, 24, 74-83.
- Arpacık R (1996): At Yetiştiriciliği. ISBN: 975-95817-0- 1, Şahin Matbaası, Ankara.
- Barron JK (1995): The effect of maternal age and parity on the racing performance of throughbred horses. Equine Vet J, 27, 73-75.
- Chico M (1994): Genetic analysis of thoroughbred racing performance in Spain. Ann Zootech, 43, 393-397.
- Chrzanowski S, Koeboke K (1993): Estimation of breeding value of thoroughbred horses on the basis of racing performance of their progeny at the age 2 and 3 years. Animal Breed Abstr, Vol. 62, No 7.
- Chrzanowski S, Lojek J, Kurek A (1998): The comparison of two methods of evaluating the racing performance of Arabian horses. Animal Breed Abstr, Vol. 66, No 4.
- Evans JW, Borton A, Hintz HF, Van Vleck LD (1977): The Horse. W. H. Freeman and Company, San Fransisco.
- Harkins JD, Kamerling SG (1993): Effect of race distance and competition on performance of thoroughbred racehorses. Animal Breed Abstr, Vol. 62, No 1.
- Hintz RL (1977): Factors Influencing Racing Performance of the Standardbred Pacer. Dissertation Abstract International B, 38, 295.
- Hintz RL (1980): Genetics of performance in the horse. J Anim Sci, 51, 582-594.
- Langolish B (1980): Heritability of racing ability in thoroughbreds - a review. Livest Prod Sci, 7, 591-605.
- Martin GS, Strand E, Kearney MT (1996): Use of statistical models to evaluate racing performance in thoroughbreds. J Am Vet Med Assoc, 11, 209.
- Moritsu Y, Funakoshi H, Ichikawa S (1994): Genetic evaluation of sires and environmental factors influencing best racing times of thoroughbred horses in Japan. Animal Breed Abstr, Vol. 63, No 6.
- Moritsu Y, Terai A, Tashiro T (1998): Relationship between sire breeding values for the rating score on turf and dirt racing tracks in thoroughbred racehorses. Animal Breed Abstr, Vol. 67, No 8.
- Oki H, Sasaki Y, Willham RL (1995): Genetic parameter estimates for racing time by restricted maximum likelihood in the throughbred horse of Japan. Animal Breed Abstr, Vol. 63, No 9.
- Özbeyaz C (2006): At Yetiştiriciliği. Ankara Üniv Vet Fak Zootekni Anabilim Dalı Ders Notları, Ankara.
- Pern E (1991): The thoroughbred horse in the last 10 years. Animal Breed Abstr, Vol. 59, No 10.
- Physick - Shard PW, Russell M (1986): Career profile of the Canadian Standardbred. 3. Influence of temporaly absence from racing and season. Can J Vet Res, 50, 471- 478.
- Saastamoinen MT, Nylander A (1995): Genetic and phenotypic parameters for age at starting to race and racing performance during early career in trotters. Livest Prod Sci, 45, 63-68.
- Tolley EA, Notter DR, Marlowe TJ (1983): Heritability and repeatability of speed for 2- and 3-year-old standardbred racehorses. J Anim Sci, Vol. 56, No 6.
- Veno T, Motoyosi S, Tanaka R (1991): Heritability of racing performance of thoroughbreds. Animal Breed Abstr, Vol. 61, No 5.
- Willham RL, Doyle EW (1991): Genetic predictions of racing performance in quarter horses. J Anim Sci, 69, 3891-3894.
- Williamson SA, Beilharz RG (1996): Heritabilities of racing performance in thoroughbreds. A study of Australian data, J Anim Breed Genet, 113, 505-524.
- Yalçın BC (1975): Bazı çevre faktörlerinin verim özellikleri üzerindeki etkilerinin eliminasyonu. İstanbul Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 1, 82-104.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Veterinary Surgery |
| Other ID | JA72RH28NJ |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | September 1, 2009 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2009Volume: 56 Issue: 3 |