Letter to Editor
The effect of estrous detection using visual observation and progesterone test kits on conception rate in cows
Abstract
This study was conducted to compare the efficiency of estrous detection using visual observation and determination of progesterone levels by progesterone test kits in field condition, and to investigate whether the progesterone tests has positive effect on conception rate of cows. A total of 136 cows were used in this study. Cows were visually observed, and the behavioural signs of estrous were recorded. They were divided into three subgroups considering the intensity of estrous behaviour. Progesterone levels in serum samples were determined by progesterone test kits. Cows were also divided into three subgroups according to the progesteron levels, and then, all cows were inseminated artificially. The conception rates were determined by rectal palpation on 55-60th days following artificial insemination. The mean overall conception rate obtained from inseminations was recorded as 65.4 % in this study. It was found that the conception rate of cows which showed strong signs of estrous (76.5 %) was significantly higher (p
References
- Akın Aİ (1999): Sığırlarda dölverimi özellikleri. Türk Vet Hek Derg, 11, 22–26.
- Akın Aİ (1998): Sığırlarda östrusun belirlenmesi. Türk Vet Hek Derg, 10, 44–47.
- Aksoy M, Alan M, Tekeli T, Semacan A, Çoyan K (1993): İnek ve düvelerde östrus belirleme hataları ve suni tohumlama uygulamasındaki önemi. Hay Arş Derg, 3, 28– 30.
- Alpan O, Yoksunkaya H, Alıç K (1973): Türkiye’ye ithal edilen Esmer, Holştayn ve Simental sığırlar üzerinde karşılaştırmalı bir adaptasyon çalışması. Lalahan Zoot Araşt Ens Derg, 16, 3–17.
- Anonim (2001): Hayvancılık Özel İhtisas Raporu. 8. Beş Yıllık Kalkınma Planı. Yayın No: DPT: 2574, ÖİK: 587, Ankara.
- Bearden HJ, Fuquay JW, Willard ST (2004): Applied Animal Reproduction. Prentice Hall, New Jersey, USA.
- Claycomb RW, Delwicle MJ, Munro CJ, BonDurant RH (1998): Rapid enzyme immunoassay for measurement of bovine progesterone. Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 13, 1165–1171.
- Çoyan K, Aksoy M (1992): Östrus tespitinde kullanılan pratik yöntemler. Hay Arş Derg, 2, 53–54.
- Çoyan K, Özsar S, Güven B, Tekeli T (1991): Östrusun tanısı amacıyla pratik süt progesteron testinin kullanımı. Hay Arş Derg, 1, 33–35.
- Çoyan K, Tekeli T (1996): İneklerde Suni Tohumlama. 1. Baskı Bahçıvanlar Basım San. A.Ş. Konya.
- De Silva AW, Anderson GW, Gwazdauskas FC, McGilliard ML, Lineweaver JA (1981): Interrelationships with estrus behavior and conception in dairy cattle. J Dairy Sci, 64, 2409–2418.
- Demirci E (2002): Evcil Hayvanlarda Reprodüksiyon. Suni Tohumlama ve Androloji Ders Notları Fırat Üniv Veteriner Fak Yayınları No:53 Elazığ.
- Diskin MG, Sreenan JM (2000): Expression and detection of estrus in cattle. Reprod Nutr Develop, 40, 481–491.
- Erb RE, Morrison RA (1958): Estrus after conception in a herd of Holstein-Friesian cattle. J Dairy Sci, 41, 267– 274.
- Ferguson JD (1991): Nutrition and reproduction in dairy cows. Vet Clin North Am, 7, 483–507.
- Foote RH (1975): Estrus detection and estrus detection aids. J Dairy Sci, 58, 248–256.
- Gwazdauskas FC, Lineweaver JA, McGilliard ML (1983): Environmental and management factors affecting estrous activity in dairy cattle. J Dairy Sci, 66, 1510–1514.
- Hafez ESE, Jainudeen MR(2000): Reproductive cycles: cattle and buffalo. 159–171. Hafez ESE, Hafez B (Ed), Reproduction in Farm Animals. 7th ed. Williams & Wilkins, Lippincott, USA.
- Lopez H, Satter LD, Wiltbank MC (2004): Relationship between level of milk production and estrus behavior of lactating dairy cows. Anim Reprod Sci, 81, 209–223.
- McCaughey WJ, Cooper RJ (1980): An assessment by progesterone assay of the accuracy of estrus detection in dairy cows. Vet Rec, 107, 508–510.
- Nebel RL, Whittier WD, Cassell BG, Britt JH (1987): Comparison of on-farm laboratory milk progesterone assays for identifying errors in detection of estrus and diagnosis of pregnancy. J. Dairy Sci, 70, 1471–1476.
- Nebel RL (1988): On-farm milk progesterone tests. J Dairy Sci, 71, 1682–1690.
- Orihuela A (2000): Some factors affecting the behavioural manifestation of estrus in cattle. App Anim Behav Sci, 70, 1–16.
- Özbeyaz C (1996): Hayvansal üretimde sığırcılığın yeri ve önemi. Türk Vet Hek Derg, 8, 5–7.
- Rae DO, Chenoweth PJ, Giangreco MA, Dixon PW, Bennett FL (1999): Assessment of estrus detection by visual observation and electronic detection methods and characterization of factors associated with estrus and pregnancy in beef heifers. Theriogenology, 51, 1121–1132.
- Sönmez M, Demirci E, Türk G, Gür S (2005): Effect of season on some fertility parameters of dairy and beef cows in Elazığ province. Turk J Vet Anim Sci, 29, 821–828.
- Sturman H, Oltenacu EAB, Foote RH (2000): Importance of inseminating only cows in estrus. Theriogenology, 53, 1657–1667.
- Toleng L, Sonjya H, Yusuf M (1999): The use of progesterone RIA to increase efficiency and quality of artificial insemination services of beef cattle in sount sulawesi, Indonesia. 37–43. Proceedings of a Final Research Co-ordination Meeting, Uppsala, Sweeden.
- Xu ZZ, McKnight DJ, Vishwanath R, Pitt CJ, Burton LJ (1998): Estrus detection using radiotelemetry or visual observation and tail painting for dairy cows on pasture. J Dairy Sci, 81, 2890–2896. Geliş tarihi: 23.06.2006 / Kabul tarihi: 13.10.2006
- maturation and fertilization in vitro. Theriogenology, 4, 1115-1128.
- Chang MC (1949): Effect of heterologous sera on fertilized rabbit ova. J Gen Physio, 32, 291-295.
- Daen FP, Sato E, Nakayama T, Toyoda Y (1995): Serum factor(s) stimulating cumulus expansion in porcine oocyte- cumulus complexes matured and fertilized in vitro. Cell Struct Funct, 20, 223-231.
- Kane MT (1987): Minimal nutrient requirements for culture of one cell rabbit embryos. Biol Reprod, 37, 775- 778.
- Keefer CL, Fayrer-Hosken RA, Brown LM, Brackett BG (1988): Culture of in vitro fertilized rabbit ova. Gamete Res, 20, 431-436.
- Loutradis D, Drakakis P, Kallianidis K, Sofikitis N, Kallipolitis G, Milingos S, Makris N, Michalas S (2000): Biological factors in culture media affecting in vitro fertilization, preimplantation embryo development and implantation. Ann of New York Ac of Sci, 900, 325-335.
- Maurer HR (1992): Towards serum- free, chemical defined media for mammalian cell culture. 15-46. In: RI Freshney (Ed), Animal Cell Culture: A Practical Approach, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
- Menezo Y, Testart J, Perrone D (1984): Serum is not necessary in human in vitro fertilization, early embryo culture and transfer. Fertil Steril, 42, 750- 755.
- Mills JA, Jeitles GG, Brackett BG (1973): Embryo transfer following in vitro fertilization of rabbit ova. Fertil Steril, 24, 602-608.
- Onuma H, Maurer RR, Foote RH (1968): In vitro culture of rabbit ova from early cleavage stages to the blastocyst stage. J Reprod Fertil, 16, 491- 493.
- Saito H, Berger T, Mishell DR, Marrs RP (1984): Effect of variable concentration of serum on mouse embryo development. Fertil Steril, 41, 460-464.
- Sellens MH, Stein S, Sherman M (1981): Protein and free aminoacid content in preimplantation mouse embryos and in blastocycts under various culture conditions. J Reprod Fertil, 61, 307- 315.
- Tajik P, Niwa K, Murase T (1993): Effect of different protein supplements in fertilization medium on in vitro penetration of cumulus- intact and cumulus free bovine oocytes matured in culture. Theriogenology, 40, 949-958.
- Tekeli T (1984): Investigations on in vitro fertilization of rabbit ova. Ankara Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 31, 186-196.
- Wang S, Liu Y, Holyoak GR, Bunch TD (1997): The effects of bovine serum albumin and fetal bovine serum on the development of pre- and postcleavage- stage bovine embryos cultured in modifiyed CR2 and M199 media. Anim Reprod Sci, 48, 37-40.
- Zeng SM, Zhu SE, Wang YS, Chen XJ, Zhang ZC, Chen YF (1999): An efficient method for in vitro fertilization in rabbits. Anim Biotechnol, 10, 15-23.
İneklerde gebelik oranı üzerine gözlem yöntemi ve progesteron test kitleriyle yapılan östrus tespitinin etkisi
Abstract
Bu çalışma, saha koşullarında progesteron test kitleri ile progesteron seviyesinin belirlenmesi ve gözlem yöntemi kullanılarak yapılan östrus tespitinin etkinliğini karşılaştırmak ve progesteron testlerinin ineklerin gebelik oranları üzerine olumlu bir etkisinin olup olmadığını araştırmak amacıyla yapıldı. Bu araştırmada materyal olarak 136 inek kullanıldı. İnekler gözlem yöntemiyle takip edilerek östrus belirtileri kaydedildi. Gözlenen östrus belirtilerinin şiddetine göre hayvanlar üç alt gruba ayrıldı. Serum örneklerinde progesteron test kitleri ile progesteron seviyeleri belirlendi. Progesteron düzeylerine göre de hayvanlar üç alt gruba ayrıldı. Daha sonra ineklerin hepsi suni tohumlama yöntemiyle tohumlandı. Tohumlamayı takip eden 55–60. günlerde rektal palpasyonla gebelikler teşhis edildi. Bu çalışmada tohumlamalardan elde edilen ortalama gebelik oranı % 65.4 olarak kaydedildi. Kuvvetli östrus belirtisi gösteren ineklerin gebelik oranı (% 76.5), hiç belirti göstermeyen ineklerinkinden (% 53.7) önemli ölçüde yüksek (p
References
- Akın Aİ (1999): Sığırlarda dölverimi özellikleri. Türk Vet Hek Derg, 11, 22–26.
- Akın Aİ (1998): Sığırlarda östrusun belirlenmesi. Türk Vet Hek Derg, 10, 44–47.
- Aksoy M, Alan M, Tekeli T, Semacan A, Çoyan K (1993): İnek ve düvelerde östrus belirleme hataları ve suni tohumlama uygulamasındaki önemi. Hay Arş Derg, 3, 28– 30.
- Alpan O, Yoksunkaya H, Alıç K (1973): Türkiye’ye ithal edilen Esmer, Holştayn ve Simental sığırlar üzerinde karşılaştırmalı bir adaptasyon çalışması. Lalahan Zoot Araşt Ens Derg, 16, 3–17.
- Anonim (2001): Hayvancılık Özel İhtisas Raporu. 8. Beş Yıllık Kalkınma Planı. Yayın No: DPT: 2574, ÖİK: 587, Ankara.
- Bearden HJ, Fuquay JW, Willard ST (2004): Applied Animal Reproduction. Prentice Hall, New Jersey, USA.
- Claycomb RW, Delwicle MJ, Munro CJ, BonDurant RH (1998): Rapid enzyme immunoassay for measurement of bovine progesterone. Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 13, 1165–1171.
- Çoyan K, Aksoy M (1992): Östrus tespitinde kullanılan pratik yöntemler. Hay Arş Derg, 2, 53–54.
- Çoyan K, Özsar S, Güven B, Tekeli T (1991): Östrusun tanısı amacıyla pratik süt progesteron testinin kullanımı. Hay Arş Derg, 1, 33–35.
- Çoyan K, Tekeli T (1996): İneklerde Suni Tohumlama. 1. Baskı Bahçıvanlar Basım San. A.Ş. Konya.
- De Silva AW, Anderson GW, Gwazdauskas FC, McGilliard ML, Lineweaver JA (1981): Interrelationships with estrus behavior and conception in dairy cattle. J Dairy Sci, 64, 2409–2418.
- Demirci E (2002): Evcil Hayvanlarda Reprodüksiyon. Suni Tohumlama ve Androloji Ders Notları Fırat Üniv Veteriner Fak Yayınları No:53 Elazığ.
- Diskin MG, Sreenan JM (2000): Expression and detection of estrus in cattle. Reprod Nutr Develop, 40, 481–491.
- Erb RE, Morrison RA (1958): Estrus after conception in a herd of Holstein-Friesian cattle. J Dairy Sci, 41, 267– 274.
- Ferguson JD (1991): Nutrition and reproduction in dairy cows. Vet Clin North Am, 7, 483–507.
- Foote RH (1975): Estrus detection and estrus detection aids. J Dairy Sci, 58, 248–256.
- Gwazdauskas FC, Lineweaver JA, McGilliard ML (1983): Environmental and management factors affecting estrous activity in dairy cattle. J Dairy Sci, 66, 1510–1514.
- Hafez ESE, Jainudeen MR(2000): Reproductive cycles: cattle and buffalo. 159–171. Hafez ESE, Hafez B (Ed), Reproduction in Farm Animals. 7th ed. Williams & Wilkins, Lippincott, USA.
- Lopez H, Satter LD, Wiltbank MC (2004): Relationship between level of milk production and estrus behavior of lactating dairy cows. Anim Reprod Sci, 81, 209–223.
- McCaughey WJ, Cooper RJ (1980): An assessment by progesterone assay of the accuracy of estrus detection in dairy cows. Vet Rec, 107, 508–510.
- Nebel RL, Whittier WD, Cassell BG, Britt JH (1987): Comparison of on-farm laboratory milk progesterone assays for identifying errors in detection of estrus and diagnosis of pregnancy. J. Dairy Sci, 70, 1471–1476.
- Nebel RL (1988): On-farm milk progesterone tests. J Dairy Sci, 71, 1682–1690.
- Orihuela A (2000): Some factors affecting the behavioural manifestation of estrus in cattle. App Anim Behav Sci, 70, 1–16.
- Özbeyaz C (1996): Hayvansal üretimde sığırcılığın yeri ve önemi. Türk Vet Hek Derg, 8, 5–7.
- Rae DO, Chenoweth PJ, Giangreco MA, Dixon PW, Bennett FL (1999): Assessment of estrus detection by visual observation and electronic detection methods and characterization of factors associated with estrus and pregnancy in beef heifers. Theriogenology, 51, 1121–1132.
- Sönmez M, Demirci E, Türk G, Gür S (2005): Effect of season on some fertility parameters of dairy and beef cows in Elazığ province. Turk J Vet Anim Sci, 29, 821–828.
- Sturman H, Oltenacu EAB, Foote RH (2000): Importance of inseminating only cows in estrus. Theriogenology, 53, 1657–1667.
- Toleng L, Sonjya H, Yusuf M (1999): The use of progesterone RIA to increase efficiency and quality of artificial insemination services of beef cattle in sount sulawesi, Indonesia. 37–43. Proceedings of a Final Research Co-ordination Meeting, Uppsala, Sweeden.
- Xu ZZ, McKnight DJ, Vishwanath R, Pitt CJ, Burton LJ (1998): Estrus detection using radiotelemetry or visual observation and tail painting for dairy cows on pasture. J Dairy Sci, 81, 2890–2896. Geliş tarihi: 23.06.2006 / Kabul tarihi: 13.10.2006
- maturation and fertilization in vitro. Theriogenology, 4, 1115-1128.
- Chang MC (1949): Effect of heterologous sera on fertilized rabbit ova. J Gen Physio, 32, 291-295.
- Daen FP, Sato E, Nakayama T, Toyoda Y (1995): Serum factor(s) stimulating cumulus expansion in porcine oocyte- cumulus complexes matured and fertilized in vitro. Cell Struct Funct, 20, 223-231.
- Kane MT (1987): Minimal nutrient requirements for culture of one cell rabbit embryos. Biol Reprod, 37, 775- 778.
- Keefer CL, Fayrer-Hosken RA, Brown LM, Brackett BG (1988): Culture of in vitro fertilized rabbit ova. Gamete Res, 20, 431-436.
- Loutradis D, Drakakis P, Kallianidis K, Sofikitis N, Kallipolitis G, Milingos S, Makris N, Michalas S (2000): Biological factors in culture media affecting in vitro fertilization, preimplantation embryo development and implantation. Ann of New York Ac of Sci, 900, 325-335.
- Maurer HR (1992): Towards serum- free, chemical defined media for mammalian cell culture. 15-46. In: RI Freshney (Ed), Animal Cell Culture: A Practical Approach, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
- Menezo Y, Testart J, Perrone D (1984): Serum is not necessary in human in vitro fertilization, early embryo culture and transfer. Fertil Steril, 42, 750- 755.
- Mills JA, Jeitles GG, Brackett BG (1973): Embryo transfer following in vitro fertilization of rabbit ova. Fertil Steril, 24, 602-608.
- Onuma H, Maurer RR, Foote RH (1968): In vitro culture of rabbit ova from early cleavage stages to the blastocyst stage. J Reprod Fertil, 16, 491- 493.
- Saito H, Berger T, Mishell DR, Marrs RP (1984): Effect of variable concentration of serum on mouse embryo development. Fertil Steril, 41, 460-464.
- Sellens MH, Stein S, Sherman M (1981): Protein and free aminoacid content in preimplantation mouse embryos and in blastocycts under various culture conditions. J Reprod Fertil, 61, 307- 315.
- Tajik P, Niwa K, Murase T (1993): Effect of different protein supplements in fertilization medium on in vitro penetration of cumulus- intact and cumulus free bovine oocytes matured in culture. Theriogenology, 40, 949-958.
- Tekeli T (1984): Investigations on in vitro fertilization of rabbit ova. Ankara Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 31, 186-196.
- Wang S, Liu Y, Holyoak GR, Bunch TD (1997): The effects of bovine serum albumin and fetal bovine serum on the development of pre- and postcleavage- stage bovine embryos cultured in modifiyed CR2 and M199 media. Anim Reprod Sci, 48, 37-40.
- Zeng SM, Zhu SE, Wang YS, Chen XJ, Zhang ZC, Chen YF (1999): An efficient method for in vitro fertilization in rabbits. Anim Biotechnol, 10, 15-23.
There are 45 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Veterinary Surgery |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | June 1, 2007 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2007Volume: 54 Issue: 2 |