Rapeseed and canola meal as protein sources in starter diets for calves: current knowledge and directions of future studies

Paweł Górka; Gregory Brent Penner

doi:10.33988/auvfd.712730

Review

Rapeseed and canola meal as protein sources in starter diets for calves: current knowledge and directions of future studies

Year 2020, Volume: 67 Issue: 3, 313 - 321, 03.06.2020

Paweł Górka Gregory Brent Penner

https://doi.org/10.33988/auvfd.712730

Abstract

Rapeseed and canola meal are not commonly used in starter diets for calves due to concerns over palatability and digestibility of the feed. The aim of this paper was to briefly summarize our knowledge on the effects of rapeseed and canola meal use in starter diets for calves, with particular emphasis on the period before and shortly after weaning, and the impact on feed intake, nutrient digestibility, body weight gain, and feed efficiency of calves. Possible strategies allowing for increased inclusion of rapeseed and canola meal use in calves’ nutrition were also suggested and briefly discussed.

Keywords

Alternative protein, calf, canola meal, rapeseed meal, starter feed

References

1. Adewole D, Rogiewicz A, Dyck B, et al (2017): Standardized ileal digestible amino acid contents of canola meal from Canadian crushing plants for growing pigs. J Anim Sci, 95, 2670-2679.
2. Bach Knudsen KE (2018): Alternative Feed Ingredients and Technologies for Improved Nutritive Value of Feed. EuroTier 2018, Hanover, Germany.
3. Bell JM (1984): Nutrients and toxicants in rapeseed meal: a review. J Anim Sci, 58, 996-1010.
4. Burakowska K, Górka P, Kowalski ZM, et al (2016): Effect of Canola Meal Heat Treatment and Glycerol Inclusion in Calf Starter on GIT Development. 81-82. In: Proceedings of 5th EAAP, International Symposium on Energy and Protein Metabolism and Nutrition. Wageningen Academic Pulishers, Krakow, Poland.
5. Burakowska K, Górka P, Penner G (2018): Determination of the optimal canola meal inclusion rate in pelleted starters for Holstein calves. J Anim Sci, 96, 241-241.
6. Burakowska K, Przybyło M, Penner GB, et al (2017): Evaluating the effect of protein source and micro-encapsulated sodium butyrate in starter mixtures on gastrointestinal tract development of dairy calves. J Dairy Sci, 100, 347. 7. Claypool DW, Hoffman CH, Oldfield JE, et al (1985): Canola-meal, cottonseed, and soybean meals as protein supplements for calves. J Dairy Sci, 68, 67-70.
8. Fenwick GR (1982): The assessment of a new protein source–Rapeseed. Proc Nutr Soc, 41, 277-288.
9. Fiems LO, Boucque V, Cottyn BG, et al (1985): Evaluation of rapeseed meal with low and high glucosinolates as a protein source in calf starters. Livest Prod Sci, 12, 131-143.
10. Fisher LJ (1980): A comparison of rapeseed meal and soybean meal as a source of protein and protected lipid as a source of supplemental energy for calf starter diets. Can J Anim Sci, 60, 359-366.
11. Ginane C, Baumont R, Favreau-Peigné A (2011): Perception and hedonic value of basic tastes in domestic ruminants. Physiol Behav, 104, 666-674.
12. Górka P, Kowalski ZM, Zabielski R, et al (2018): Use of butyrate to promote gastrointestinal tract development in calves. J Dairy Sci, 101, 4785-4800.
13. Guilloteau P, Zabielski R, Blum JW (2009): Gastrointestinal tract and digestion in the young ruminant: ontogenesis, adaptations, consequences and manipulations. J Physiol Pharmacol, 60, 37-46.
14. Hadam D, Kański J, Burakowska K, et al (2016): Effect of canola meal use as a protein source in a starter mixture on feeding behavior and performance of calves during the weaning transition. J Dairy Sci, 99, 1247-1252.
15. Heuzé V, Tran G, Kaushik S (2020): Soybean meal. Feedipedia, a programme by INRA, CIRAD, AFZ and FAO (last updated on March 4, 2020, 18:25). Avaliable at https://www.feedipedia.org/node/674. (Accessed March 10, 2020).
16. Heuzé V, Tran G, Sauvant D, et al (2020): Rapeseed meal. Feedipedia, a programme by INRA, CIRAD, AFZ and FAO (last updated on January 31, 2020, 17:04). Avaliable at https://www.feedipedia.org/node/52. (Accessed March 10, 2020).
17. Hill TM, Bateman HG, II, Aldrich JM, et al (2010): Effect of milk replacer program on digestion of nutrients in dairy calves. J Dairy Sci, 93, 1105-1115. 18. Hill TM, Quigley JD, Bateman HG, II, et al (2016): Source of carbohydrate and metabolizable lysine and methionine in the diet of recently weaned dairy calves on digestion and growth. J Dairy Sci, 99, 2788-2796.
19. Hill TM, Quigley JD, Bateman HG, II, et al (2016): Effect of milk replacer program on calf performance and digestion of nutrients in dairy calves to 4 months of age. J Dairy Sci, 99, 8103-8110. 20. Huhtanen P, Hetta M, Swensson C (2011): Evaluatio of canola meal as a protein supplement for dairy cows: A review and a meta-analysis. Can J Anim Sci, 91, 529-543.
21. Ingalls JR, Seale ME (1971): Effect of continuous feeding of rapeseed meal on growth of dairy calves and subsequent first lactation yield. Can J Anim Sci, 51, 681-686.
22. Ingalls JR, Sharma HR (1975): Feeding of Bronowski, Span and commercial rapeseed meals with or without addition of molasses or flavor in rations of lactating cows. Can J Anim Sci, 55, 721-729.
23. Khan MA, Bach A, Weary DM, et al (2016): Transitioning from milk to solid feed in dairy heifers. J Dairy Sci, 99, 885-902.
24. Khorasani GR, Sauer WC, Ozimek L, et al (1990): Digestion of soybean meal and canola meal protein and amino acids in the digestive tract of young ruminants. J Anim Sci, 68, 3421-3428.
25. Krupa K (2018): The effect of lysine supplementation in the starter mixture on the effects of rearing of calves. MSC Thesis. Department of Animal Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland.
26. Maison T (2013): Evaluation of the nutritional value of canola meal, 00-rapeseed meal, and 00-rapeseed expellers fed to pigs. PhD Thesis. Graduate College of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Illinois, Urbana, Il, US.
27. Martineau R, Ouellet DR, Lapierre H (2013): Feeding canola meal to dairy cows: A meta-analysis on lactational responses. J Dairy Sci, 96, 1701-1714.
28. Mawson R, Heaney RK, Zdunczyk Z, et al (1993): Rapeseed meal-glucosinolates and their antinutritional effects. Part 2. Flavour and palatability. Food/Nahrung, 37, 336-344.
29. Meale SJ, Leal LN, Martín-Tereso J, et al (2015): Delayed weaning of Holstein bull calves fed an elevated plane of nutrition impacts feed intake, growth and potential markers of gastrointestinal development. Anim Feed Sci Tech, 209, 268-273.
30. Mejicanos G, Sanjayan N, Kim IH, et al (2016): Recent advances in canola meal utilization in swine nutrition. J Anim Sci Tech, 58, 7.
31. Micek P, Słota K, Górka P (2020): Effect of heat treatment and heat treatment in combination with lignosulfonate on in situ rumen degradability of canola cake crude protein, lysine and methionine. Can J Anim Sci, 100, 165-174.
32. Miller-Cushon EK, Montoro C, Ipharraguerre IR, et al (2014): Dietary preference in dairy calves for feed ingredients high in energy and protein. J Dairy Sci, 97, 1634-1644.
33. Miller-Cushon EK, Terré M, DeVries TJ, et al (2014): The effect of palatability of protein source on dietary selection in dairy calves. J Dairy Sci, 97, 4444-4454.
34. Montagne L, Toullec R, Savidge T, et al (1999): Morphology and enzyme activities of the small intestine are modulated by dietary protein source in the preruminant calf. Reprod Nutr Dev, 39, 455-466.
35. Nair J, Penner GB, Yu P, et al (2016): Evaluation of canola meal derived from Brassica juncea and Brassica napus on rumen fermentation and nutrient digestibility by feedlot heifers fed finishing diets. Can J Anim Sci, 96, 342-353.
36. Newkirk R (2009): Canola Meal: Feed Industry Guide. 4th Ed. Canadian Int. Grains Inst., Canola Council, Winnipeg, Mannitoba, Canada.
37. Schingoeth DJ, Beardsley GL, Muller LD (1974): Evaluation of commercial rapeseed meal and bronowski variety rapeseed meal in calf rations. J Nutr, 104, 558-562.
38. Stake PE, Owens MJ, Schingoethe DJ (1973): Rapeseed, sunflower, and soybean meal supplementation of calf rations. J Dairy Sci, 56, 783-788.
39. Stone JB, Wood AS (1973): Rapeseed meal as a protein source in the starter concentrate for replacement calves. Can J Anim Sci, 53, 327-332.
40. Terre M, Devant M, Bach A (2016): The importance of calf sensory and physical preferences for starter concentrates during pre- and postweaning periods. J Dairy Sci, 99, 7133-7142.
41. Tripathi MK, Mishra AS (2007): Glucosinolates in animal nutrition: A review. Anim Feed Sci Tech, 132, 1-27.
42. Van Soest P (1994): Nutritional Ecology of the Ruminant. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY, USA.
43. Wheeler EE, Veira DM, Stone JB (1980): Comparison of tower rapeseed meal and soybean meal as sources of protein in pelleted calf starter rations. Can J Anim Sci, 60, 93-97.
44. Wood A, Stone J (1970): Digestibility, nitrogen retention and caloric value of rapeseed and soybean meals when fed at two dietary levels to calves. Can J Anim Sci, 50, 507-512.

Year 2020, Volume: 67 Issue: 3, 313 - 321, 03.06.2020

Paweł Górka Gregory Brent Penner

https://doi.org/10.33988/auvfd.712730

Abstract

References

1. Adewole D, Rogiewicz A, Dyck B, et al (2017): Standardized ileal digestible amino acid contents of canola meal from Canadian crushing plants for growing pigs. J Anim Sci, 95, 2670-2679.
2. Bach Knudsen KE (2018): Alternative Feed Ingredients and Technologies for Improved Nutritive Value of Feed. EuroTier 2018, Hanover, Germany.
3. Bell JM (1984): Nutrients and toxicants in rapeseed meal: a review. J Anim Sci, 58, 996-1010.
4. Burakowska K, Górka P, Kowalski ZM, et al (2016): Effect of Canola Meal Heat Treatment and Glycerol Inclusion in Calf Starter on GIT Development. 81-82. In: Proceedings of 5th EAAP, International Symposium on Energy and Protein Metabolism and Nutrition. Wageningen Academic Pulishers, Krakow, Poland.
5. Burakowska K, Górka P, Penner G (2018): Determination of the optimal canola meal inclusion rate in pelleted starters for Holstein calves. J Anim Sci, 96, 241-241.
6. Burakowska K, Przybyło M, Penner GB, et al (2017): Evaluating the effect of protein source and micro-encapsulated sodium butyrate in starter mixtures on gastrointestinal tract development of dairy calves. J Dairy Sci, 100, 347. 7. Claypool DW, Hoffman CH, Oldfield JE, et al (1985): Canola-meal, cottonseed, and soybean meals as protein supplements for calves. J Dairy Sci, 68, 67-70.
8. Fenwick GR (1982): The assessment of a new protein source–Rapeseed. Proc Nutr Soc, 41, 277-288.
9. Fiems LO, Boucque V, Cottyn BG, et al (1985): Evaluation of rapeseed meal with low and high glucosinolates as a protein source in calf starters. Livest Prod Sci, 12, 131-143.
10. Fisher LJ (1980): A comparison of rapeseed meal and soybean meal as a source of protein and protected lipid as a source of supplemental energy for calf starter diets. Can J Anim Sci, 60, 359-366.
11. Ginane C, Baumont R, Favreau-Peigné A (2011): Perception and hedonic value of basic tastes in domestic ruminants. Physiol Behav, 104, 666-674.
12. Górka P, Kowalski ZM, Zabielski R, et al (2018): Use of butyrate to promote gastrointestinal tract development in calves. J Dairy Sci, 101, 4785-4800.
13. Guilloteau P, Zabielski R, Blum JW (2009): Gastrointestinal tract and digestion in the young ruminant: ontogenesis, adaptations, consequences and manipulations. J Physiol Pharmacol, 60, 37-46.
14. Hadam D, Kański J, Burakowska K, et al (2016): Effect of canola meal use as a protein source in a starter mixture on feeding behavior and performance of calves during the weaning transition. J Dairy Sci, 99, 1247-1252.
15. Heuzé V, Tran G, Kaushik S (2020): Soybean meal. Feedipedia, a programme by INRA, CIRAD, AFZ and FAO (last updated on March 4, 2020, 18:25). Avaliable at https://www.feedipedia.org/node/674. (Accessed March 10, 2020).
16. Heuzé V, Tran G, Sauvant D, et al (2020): Rapeseed meal. Feedipedia, a programme by INRA, CIRAD, AFZ and FAO (last updated on January 31, 2020, 17:04). Avaliable at https://www.feedipedia.org/node/52. (Accessed March 10, 2020).
17. Hill TM, Bateman HG, II, Aldrich JM, et al (2010): Effect of milk replacer program on digestion of nutrients in dairy calves. J Dairy Sci, 93, 1105-1115. 18. Hill TM, Quigley JD, Bateman HG, II, et al (2016): Source of carbohydrate and metabolizable lysine and methionine in the diet of recently weaned dairy calves on digestion and growth. J Dairy Sci, 99, 2788-2796.
19. Hill TM, Quigley JD, Bateman HG, II, et al (2016): Effect of milk replacer program on calf performance and digestion of nutrients in dairy calves to 4 months of age. J Dairy Sci, 99, 8103-8110. 20. Huhtanen P, Hetta M, Swensson C (2011): Evaluatio of canola meal as a protein supplement for dairy cows: A review and a meta-analysis. Can J Anim Sci, 91, 529-543.
21. Ingalls JR, Seale ME (1971): Effect of continuous feeding of rapeseed meal on growth of dairy calves and subsequent first lactation yield. Can J Anim Sci, 51, 681-686.
22. Ingalls JR, Sharma HR (1975): Feeding of Bronowski, Span and commercial rapeseed meals with or without addition of molasses or flavor in rations of lactating cows. Can J Anim Sci, 55, 721-729.
23. Khan MA, Bach A, Weary DM, et al (2016): Transitioning from milk to solid feed in dairy heifers. J Dairy Sci, 99, 885-902.
24. Khorasani GR, Sauer WC, Ozimek L, et al (1990): Digestion of soybean meal and canola meal protein and amino acids in the digestive tract of young ruminants. J Anim Sci, 68, 3421-3428.
25. Krupa K (2018): The effect of lysine supplementation in the starter mixture on the effects of rearing of calves. MSC Thesis. Department of Animal Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland.
26. Maison T (2013): Evaluation of the nutritional value of canola meal, 00-rapeseed meal, and 00-rapeseed expellers fed to pigs. PhD Thesis. Graduate College of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, University of Illinois, Urbana, Il, US.
27. Martineau R, Ouellet DR, Lapierre H (2013): Feeding canola meal to dairy cows: A meta-analysis on lactational responses. J Dairy Sci, 96, 1701-1714.
28. Mawson R, Heaney RK, Zdunczyk Z, et al (1993): Rapeseed meal-glucosinolates and their antinutritional effects. Part 2. Flavour and palatability. Food/Nahrung, 37, 336-344.
29. Meale SJ, Leal LN, Martín-Tereso J, et al (2015): Delayed weaning of Holstein bull calves fed an elevated plane of nutrition impacts feed intake, growth and potential markers of gastrointestinal development. Anim Feed Sci Tech, 209, 268-273.
30. Mejicanos G, Sanjayan N, Kim IH, et al (2016): Recent advances in canola meal utilization in swine nutrition. J Anim Sci Tech, 58, 7.
31. Micek P, Słota K, Górka P (2020): Effect of heat treatment and heat treatment in combination with lignosulfonate on in situ rumen degradability of canola cake crude protein, lysine and methionine. Can J Anim Sci, 100, 165-174.
32. Miller-Cushon EK, Montoro C, Ipharraguerre IR, et al (2014): Dietary preference in dairy calves for feed ingredients high in energy and protein. J Dairy Sci, 97, 1634-1644.
33. Miller-Cushon EK, Terré M, DeVries TJ, et al (2014): The effect of palatability of protein source on dietary selection in dairy calves. J Dairy Sci, 97, 4444-4454.
34. Montagne L, Toullec R, Savidge T, et al (1999): Morphology and enzyme activities of the small intestine are modulated by dietary protein source in the preruminant calf. Reprod Nutr Dev, 39, 455-466.
35. Nair J, Penner GB, Yu P, et al (2016): Evaluation of canola meal derived from Brassica juncea and Brassica napus on rumen fermentation and nutrient digestibility by feedlot heifers fed finishing diets. Can J Anim Sci, 96, 342-353.
36. Newkirk R (2009): Canola Meal: Feed Industry Guide. 4th Ed. Canadian Int. Grains Inst., Canola Council, Winnipeg, Mannitoba, Canada.
37. Schingoeth DJ, Beardsley GL, Muller LD (1974): Evaluation of commercial rapeseed meal and bronowski variety rapeseed meal in calf rations. J Nutr, 104, 558-562.
38. Stake PE, Owens MJ, Schingoethe DJ (1973): Rapeseed, sunflower, and soybean meal supplementation of calf rations. J Dairy Sci, 56, 783-788.
39. Stone JB, Wood AS (1973): Rapeseed meal as a protein source in the starter concentrate for replacement calves. Can J Anim Sci, 53, 327-332.
40. Terre M, Devant M, Bach A (2016): The importance of calf sensory and physical preferences for starter concentrates during pre- and postweaning periods. J Dairy Sci, 99, 7133-7142.
41. Tripathi MK, Mishra AS (2007): Glucosinolates in animal nutrition: A review. Anim Feed Sci Tech, 132, 1-27.
42. Van Soest P (1994): Nutritional Ecology of the Ruminant. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY, USA.
43. Wheeler EE, Veira DM, Stone JB (1980): Comparison of tower rapeseed meal and soybean meal as sources of protein in pelleted calf starter rations. Can J Anim Sci, 60, 93-97.
44. Wood A, Stone J (1970): Digestibility, nitrogen retention and caloric value of rapeseed and soybean meals when fed at two dietary levels to calves. Can J Anim Sci, 50, 507-512.

There are 41 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language	English
Subjects	Veterinary Surgery
Journal Section	Review
Authors	Paweł Górka 0000-0002-4278-0493 Gregory Brent Penner 0000-0002-6396-2130
Publication Date	June 3, 2020
Published in Issue	Year 2020Volume: 67 Issue: 3

Cite

APA	Górka, P., & Penner, G. B. (2020). Rapeseed and canola meal as protein sources in starter diets for calves: current knowledge and directions of future studies. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 67(3), 313-321. https://doi.org/10.33988/auvfd.712730
AMA	Górka P, Penner GB. Rapeseed and canola meal as protein sources in starter diets for calves: current knowledge and directions of future studies. Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg. June 2020;67(3):313-321. doi:10.33988/auvfd.712730
Chicago	Górka, Paweł, and Gregory Brent Penner. “Rapeseed and Canola Meal As Protein Sources in Starter Diets for Calves: Current Knowledge and Directions of Future Studies”. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 67, no. 3 (June 2020): 313-21. https://doi.org/10.33988/auvfd.712730.
EndNote	Górka P, Penner GB (June 1, 2020) Rapeseed and canola meal as protein sources in starter diets for calves: current knowledge and directions of future studies. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 67 3 313–321.
IEEE	P. Górka and G. B. Penner, “Rapeseed and canola meal as protein sources in starter diets for calves: current knowledge and directions of future studies”, Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg, vol. 67, no. 3, pp. 313–321, 2020, doi: 10.33988/auvfd.712730.
ISNAD	Górka, Paweł - Penner, Gregory Brent. “Rapeseed and Canola Meal As Protein Sources in Starter Diets for Calves: Current Knowledge and Directions of Future Studies”. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 67/3 (June 2020), 313-321. https://doi.org/10.33988/auvfd.712730.
JAMA	Górka P, Penner GB. Rapeseed and canola meal as protein sources in starter diets for calves: current knowledge and directions of future studies. Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2020;67:313–321.
MLA	Górka, Paweł and Gregory Brent Penner. “Rapeseed and Canola Meal As Protein Sources in Starter Diets for Calves: Current Knowledge and Directions of Future Studies”. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 67, no. 3, 2020, pp. 313-21, doi:10.33988/auvfd.712730.
Vancouver	Górka P, Penner GB. Rapeseed and canola meal as protein sources in starter diets for calves: current knowledge and directions of future studies. Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2020;67(3):313-21.

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