Progressive respiratory distress caused by a laryngeal histiocytic sarcoma in a European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
Abstract
Histiocytic sarcoma (HS) represents a rare type of malignant disease, characterized by neoplastic proliferation of interstitial dendritic cells (iDCs). In rabbits, there are only two previous reports of HS with pulmonary and cutaneous primary localizations. A 2-year-old, male, European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) with a clinical history of chronic respiratory distress and progressive weight loss was necropsied. Postmortem examination revealed a gray-white, well-demarcated ovoid mass that deformed the ventral region of the larynx. Similar nodules were identified in both lungs. Histologically, the laryngeal mass and pulmonary nodules were composed of dense sheets of neoplastic histiocytes with marked atypia and multinucleated neoplastic cells. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells were intensely positive for Iba1, CD1a, and vimentin, occasionally for E-cadherin, and negative for multi-cytokeratin. A diagnosis of laryngeal HS with multiple pulmonary metastases was made. To the authors' knowledge, laryngeal histiocytic tumor has not been previously reported in rabbits.
Thanks
The authors thank Dr. Ranieri Verin (University of Liverpool) for his technical assistance with immunohistochemical analysis.
References
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Abstract
References
- Affolter VK, Moore PF (2002): Localized and disseminated histiocytic sarcoma of dendritic cell origin in dogs. Vet Pathol, 39, 74-83.
- Bertram CA, Klopfleisch R, Muller K (2019): Tracheal and laryngeal tumors in two domestic rabbits (Orytolagus cuniculus). J Exp Pet Med, 29, 142-146.
- Deeb B, DiGiacomo RF (2000): Respiratory diseases of rabbits. Vet Clin North Am Exot Anim Pract, 3, 465-80.
- Fulmer AK, Mauldin GE (2007): Canine histiocytic neoplasia: an overview. Can Vet J, 48, 1041-1050.
- Hedan B, Thomas R, Motsinger-Reif A, et al (2011): Molecular cytogenetic characterization of canine histiocytic sarcoma: a spontaneous model for human histiocytic cancer identifies deletion of tumor suppressor genes and highlights influence of genetic background on tumor behavior. BMC Cancer, 11, 201, 1-14.
- Ishimori M, Michishita M, Yoshimura H, et al (2017): Disseminated histiocytic sarcoma with hemophagocytosis in a rabbit. J Vet Med Sci, 79, 1503-1506.
- Karim MR, Izawa T, Pervin M, et al (2017): Cutaneous histiocytic sarcoma with regional lymph node metastasis in a Netherland dwarf rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus). J Comp Pathol, 156, 169-172.
- Leissinger M, Brandao J, Wakamatsu N, et al (2013): Pulmonary histiocytic sarcoma in a rabbit. Vet Clin Pathol, 42, 364-367.
- Moore PF (2014): A review of histiocytic diseases of dogs and cats. Vet Pathol, 51, 167-184.
- Ramirez GA, Altimira J, Vilafranca M (2015): Cartilaginous tumors of the larynx and trachea in the dog: literature review and 10 additional cases (1995-2014). Vet Pathol, 52, 1019-1026.
- Sanspoux F (2016): A laryngeal rhabdomyosarcoma in a dog. Vet Rec Case Rep, 4, 1-4.
- Taylor SS, Harvey AM, Barr FJ, et al (2009): Laryngeal disease in cats: a retrospective study of 35 cases. J Feline Med Surg, 11, 954-962.
- Weisbroth SH (1994): Neoplastic Diseases. 259-292. In: PJ Manning, DL Ringler, CE Newcomer (Eds), The Biology of the Laboratory Rabbit. 2nd ed., Academic Press, San Diego.
- Wilson DW (2017): Tumors of the Respiratory Tract. 467-498. In: DJ Meuten (Ed), Tumors in Domestic Animals. 5th ed., John Wiley & Sons Inc., Ames
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Veterinary Surgery |
| Journal Section | Case Report |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | September 27, 2021 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2021Volume: 68 Issue: 4 |
