Research Article
Year 2022,
Volume: 69 Issue: 1, 17 - 23, 01.01.2022
Abstract
The purpose of the current study was to detect the effects of different levels of rosemary volatile oil (VO) supplemented to laying quail diets on performance, egg quality parameters, and egg yolk oxidative stability. In this study, a total of 105 laying quails (Coturnix coturnix Pharaoh) at the age of 6 weeks were used and 3 main groups were formed, each containing 35 quails. Also, each main group was separated into 5 replicates containing an equal number of quails. Quails were fed a control diet without rosemary VO or diets which were containing at different levels (200 or 400 mg/kg) of rosemary VO supplemented to the control diet. At the end of the study, which was continued for a total of 56 days, no significant difference was found in the feed intake, feed efficiency and egg weights among the control and experimental groups. The supplementation of rosemary VO at the levels of 200 and 400 mg/kg to the diets caused an increase in quails' egg production (P<0.01). However, there was no effect on the exterior and interior egg quality parameters. A significant decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in egg yolk were observed with both levels of rosemary VO at storage (+4 0C) for 7 (P<0.001) and 28 (P<0.01) days. Considering these data, it was concluded that rosemary VO can be supplemented to laying quail diets as a natural antioxidant without negatively affecting performance and egg quality parameters.
References
- Acamovic T, Brooker JD (2005): Biochemistry of plant metabolites and their effects in animals. Proc Nutr Soc, 64, 403-412.
- Alagawany M, Abd El-Hack ME (2015): The effect of rosemary herb as a dietary supplement on performance, egg quality, serum biochemical parameters, and oxidative status in laying hens. J Anim Feed Sci, 24, 41-347.
- Al-Sereiti MR, Abu-Amer KM, Sen P (1999): Pharmacology of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) and its therapeutic potentials. Indian J Exp Biol, 37, 124-30.
- AOAC (2000): Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Official Methods of Analysis, 17th ed. AOAC International Maryland USA.
- Balnevea, D, Muheereaza SK (1997): Improving eggshell quality at high temperatures with dietary sodium bicarbonate. Poult Sci, 76, 588-593.
- Barakat H, Ghazal IG (2016): Antifungal and antioxidant activities of Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) essential oil. J Food Dairy Sci Mansoura Univ, 7, 273-282.
- Basmacıoglu H, Tokusoglu O, Ergül M (2004): The effect of oregano and rosemary essential oils or alphatocopheryl acetate on performance and lipid oxidation of meat enriched with n-3 PUFA’s in broilers. S Afr J Anim Sci, 34, 197-210.
- Bishop CD (1995): Antiviral activity of the essential oil of Melaleuca alternifolia (Maiden and Betche) Cheel (tea tree) against tobacco mosaic virus. J Essential Oil Res, 7, 641-644.
- Botsoglou N, Florou-Paneri P, Botsoglou E, et al (2005): The effect of feeding rosemary, oregano, saffron and α"-tocopheryl acetate on hen performance and oxidative stability of eggs. S Afr J Anim Sci, 35,143-151.
- Botsoglou NA, Christaki E, Florou-Paneri P, et al (2004): The effect of a mixture of herbal essential oils or tocopheryl acetate on performance parameters and oxidation of body lipid in broilers. S Afr J Anim Sci, 34, 52-61.
- Botsoglou NA, Florou-Paneri P, Christaki E, et al (2002): Effect of dietary oregano essential oil on performance of chickens and on iron-induced lipid oxidation of breast, thigh and abdominal fat tissues. Br Poult Sci, 43, 223-230.
- Brenes A, Roura E (2010): Essential oils in poultry nutrition. Main effects and mode of action. Anim Feed Sci Technol, 158, 1-14.
- Card LE, Nesheim MC (1972): Poultry Production, 11th ed (Philadelphia, PA, Lea and Febiger).
- Carpenter KJ, Clegg KM (1956): The metabolizable energy of poultry feeding stuffs in relation to their chemical composition. J Sci Food Agr, 7, 45-51.
- Chao SC, Young DG, Oberg CJ (2000): Screening for inhibitory activity of essential oils on selected bacteria, fungi and viruses. J Essential Oil Res, 12, 639-649.
- Cosentino S, Tuberoso CIG, Pisano B, et al (1999). In vitro antimicrobial activity and chemical composition of Sardinian Thymus essential oils. Lett Appl Microbiol, 29, 130-135.
- Cufadar Y (2018): Effects of dietary different levels of rosemary essential oil on performance and eggshell quality parameters in laying hens. Selcuk J Agr Food Sci, 32, 454-457.
- Dorman HJD, Deans SG (2000): Antimicrobial agents from plants: antibacterial activity of plant volatile oils. J Appl Microbiol, 88, 308-316.
- Estévez M, Ramírez R, Ventanas S, et al (2007): Sage and rosemary essential oils versus BHT for the inhibition of lipid oxidative reactions in liver pâté. LWT, 40, 58-65.
- Farag RS, Daw ZY, Hewedi FM, et al (1989): Antimicrobial activity of some Egyptian spice essential oils. J Food Prot, 5, 665-667.
- Farese G, Schmidt JL, Mager M (1967): An automated method for the determination of serum calcium with glyoxal bis (2-hydroxyanil). Clinical Chem, 13, 515-520.
- Florou-Paneri P, Palatos G, Govaris A, et al (2005): Oregano herb versus oregano essential oil as feed supplements to increase the oxidative stability of turkey meat. Int J Poult Sci, 11, 866-871.
- Florou-Paneri P, Dotas D, Mitsopoulos I, et al (2006): Effect of feeding rosemary and α–tocopheryl acetate on hen performance and egg quality. J Poultry Sci, 43, 143-149.
- Gachkar L, Yadegari D, Rezaei MB, et al (2007): Chemical and biological characteristics of Cuminum cyminum and Rosmarinus officinalis essential oils. Food Chem, 102, 898-904.
- Galobart J, Barroeta AC, Baucells MD, et al (2001): Effect of dietary supplementation with rosemary extract and α-tocopheryl acetate on lipid oxidation in eggs enriched with ω3-fatty acids. Poultry Sci, 8, 460-467.
- Gericke S, Kurmies B (1952): Die kolorimetrische Phosphorsäurebestimmung mit der Ammonium-Vandat-Methode und ihre Anwendung in der Pflanzenanalyse. Z Pflanzenernähr Düng Bodenk, 59, 235-247.
- Hajiazizi F, Torki M, Habibian M (2016): Effects of rosemary essential oil and zinc on performance, egg quality traits, and some serum metabolites in laying hens. J Livestock Sci and Technol, 4, 01-06.
- Hashemi SR, Davoodi H (2011): Herbal plants and their derivatives as growth and health promoters in animal nutrition. Vet Res Commun, 35, 169-180.
- Hernández F, Madrid, J, Garcia V, et al (2004): Influence of two plant extracts on broiler performance, digestibility, and digestive organ size. Poult Sci, 83, 169-174.
- Jamroz D, Kamel C (2002): Plant extracts enhance broiler performance. in non-ruminant nutrition: antimicrobial agents and plant extracts on immunity, health and performance. J Anim Sci, 80, 41-46.
- Jang IS, Ko HY, Ha JS, et al (2004): Influence of essential oil components on growth performance and the functional activity of the pancreas and small intestine in broiler chickens. Asian-Australasian J Anim Sci, 17, 394-400.
- Jang IS, Ko YH, Kang SY, et al (2007): Effect of commercial essential oils on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and intestinal microflora population in broiler chickens. Anim Feed Sci Technol, 134, 304-315.
- Jayashree T, Subramanyam C (1999): Anti-aflatoxigenic activity of eugenol is due to inhibition of lipid peroxidation. Lett Appl Microbiol, 28,179-183.
- Ke PJ, Ackman PJ, Linke BH, et al (1977): Differential lipid oxidation in various parts of frozen mackerel. J Food Technol, 12, 37-47.
- Kempaiah RK, Srinivasan K (2002): Integrity of erythrocytes of hypercholesterelomic rats during spices treatment. Mol Cell Biochem, 236, 155-161.
- Krause EL, Ternes W (2000): Bioavailability of the antioxidative Rosmarinus officinalis compound carnosic acid in eggs. Eur Food Res Techno, 3, 161-164
- Lee KW, Everts H, Kappert HJ, et al (2003): Effects of dietary essential oil components on growth performance, digestive enzymes and lipid metabolism in female broiler chickens. Br Poult Sci, 44, 450-457.
- Lopez-Bote CJ, Gray JI, Gomaa EA, et al (1998): Effect of dietary administration of oil extracts from rosemary and sage on lipid oxidation in broiler meat. Br Poult Sci, 39, 235-240.
- Mari M, Bertolini P, Pratella GC (2003): Non-conventional methods for the control of post-harvest pear diseases. J Appl Microbiol, 94, 761-766.
- Marino M, Bersani C, Comi G (1999): Antimicrobial activity of the essential oils of Thymus vulgaris L. measured using a bioimpedometric method. J Food Protect, 62, 1017-1023.
- Mourey A, Canillac N (2002): Anti-Listeria monocytogenes activity of essential oils components of conifers. Food Control 13, 289-292.
- NRC (1994): National Research Council, Nutrient Requirements of Poultry, 9th Ed. National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
- Palá-Paúl J, García-Jiménez R, Pérez-Alonso MJ, et al (2004): Essential oil composition of the leaves and stems of Meum athamanticum Jacq. from Spain. J Chromatogr A, 1036, 245-247.
- Pandey R, Kalra A, Tandon S, et al (2000): Essential oil compounds as potent source of nematicidal compounds. J Phytopathol, 148, 501-502.
- Pessoa LM, Morais SM, Bevilaqua CML, et al (2002): Anthelmintic activity of essential oil of Ocimum gratissimum Linn. and eugenol against Haemonchus contortus. Vet Parasitol, 109, 59-63.
- Platel K, Srinivasan K (2004): Digestive stimulant action of spices: A myth or reality? Indian J Med Res, 119, 167-179.
- Radwan NL, Hassan RA, Qota EM, et al (2008): Effect of natural antioxidant on oxidative stability of eggs and productive and reproductive performance of laying hens. Int J Poult Sci, 7, 134-150.
- Richheimer SL, Bernart MW, King GA, et al (1996): Antioxidant activity of lipid-soluble phenolic diterpenes from rosemary. J AOCS, 73, 507-514.
- Rota C, Carraminana JJ, Burillo J, et al (2004): In vitro antimicrobial activity of essential oils from aromatic plants against selected foodborne pathogens. J Food Prot, 67, 1252-1256.
- Santana-Méridas O, Polissiou M, Izquierdo-Melero ME, et al (2014): Polyphenol composition, antioxidant and bioplaguicide activities of the solid residue from hydrodistillation of Rosmarinus officinalis L. Ind Crop Prod, 59, 125-134.
- Scheeder, MRL (2000): Internal research report. Institute of Animal Science. Nutritionbiologie. ETH-Zürich, Switzerland.
- Shanmugavelu S, Acamovic T, Cowieson AJ (2004): Effect of thyme oil and garlic powder on the nutritive value of soybean meal. Br Poult Sci, 45, 54-55.
- Simsek UG, Ciftci M, Özcelik M, et al (2015). Effects of cinnamon and rosemary oils on egg production, egg quality, hatchability traits and blood serum mineral contents in laying quails (Coturnix Coturnix Japonica). Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg, 62, 229 236.
- Srinivasan K (2004): Spices as influencers of body metabolism: an overview of three decades of research. Food Res Int, 38, 77-86.
- Sümbüloglu K, Sümbüloglu V (1995): Biyoistatistik. Özdemir Yayıncılık, 6. Baskı, Ankara.
- Tang SZ, Kerry JP, Sheeham D, et al (2000): Dietary tea catechins and iron-induced lipid oxidation in chicken meat, liver and heart. Meat Sci, 56, 285-290.
- Viuda-Martos M, Ruiz Navajas Y, Sánchez Zapata E, et al (2010): Antioxidant activity of essential oils of five spice plants widely used in a Mediterranean diet. Flavour Frag J, 25, 13-19.
- Yesilbag D, Eren M, Agel H, et al (2011): Effects of dietary rosemary, rosemary volatile oil and vitamin E on broiler performance, meat quality and serum SOD activity. Br Poult Sci, 52, 472-482.
- Yesilbag, D, Gezen S, Biricik H, et al (2013): Effects of dietary rosemary and oregano volatile oil mixture on quail performance, egg traits and egg oxidative stability. Br Poult Sci, 54, 231-237.
- Zaouali Y, Bouzaine T, Boussaid M (2010): Essential oils composition in two Rosmarinus officinalis L. varieties and incidence for antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Food Chem Toxicol 48, 3144-3152.
Year 2022,
Volume: 69 Issue: 1, 17 - 23, 01.01.2022
Abstract
Bu çalışmanın amacı, yumurtacı bıldırcın rasyonlarına farklı düzeylerde ilave edilen biberiye uçucu yağının performans, yumurta kalite parametreleri ve yumurta sarısının oksidatif stabilitesi üzerindeki etkilerini belirlemekti. Araştırmada, 6 haftalık toplam 105 yumurtacı bıldırcın (Coturnix coturnix Pharaoh) kullanılmış ve her biri 35 hayvan içeren 3 ana grup oluşturulmuştur. Ayrıca, her ana grup eşit sayıda bıldırcından oluşan 5 tekrar grubana ayrılmıştır. Bıldırcınlar, biberiye uçucu yağı içermeyen kontrol rasyonu veya kontrol rasyonuna ilaveten biberiye uçucu yağının farklı düzeylerini (200 veya 400 mg /kg) içeren deneme rasyonları ile beslenmiştir. Toplam 56 gün sürdürülen araştırmanın sonunda, kontrol ve deneme gruplarının yem tüketimi, yemden yararlanma ve yumurta ağırlıklarında önemli bir fark bulunmamıştır. Biberiye uçucu yağının rasyona 200 ve 400 mg /kg düzeylerinde ilave edildiği deneme gruplarının yumurta üretiminde artış (p<0.01) saptanmıştır. Yumurtaların buzdolabında depolanmasının 7. (p <0.001) ve 28. (p <0.01) günlerinde, biberiye uçucu yağının her iki dozu da yumurta sarısı malondialdehit seviyelerinde önemli bir düşüşe yol açmıştır. Bu veriler göz önüne alınarak; biberiye uçucu yağının bıldırcınların performans ve yumurta kalite parametrelerini olumsuz etkilemeksizin, rasyonlara doğal bir antioksidan olarak ilave edilebileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.
References
- Acamovic T, Brooker JD (2005): Biochemistry of plant metabolites and their effects in animals. Proc Nutr Soc, 64, 403-412.
- Alagawany M, Abd El-Hack ME (2015): The effect of rosemary herb as a dietary supplement on performance, egg quality, serum biochemical parameters, and oxidative status in laying hens. J Anim Feed Sci, 24, 41-347.
- Al-Sereiti MR, Abu-Amer KM, Sen P (1999): Pharmacology of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) and its therapeutic potentials. Indian J Exp Biol, 37, 124-30.
- AOAC (2000): Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Official Methods of Analysis, 17th ed. AOAC International Maryland USA.
- Balnevea, D, Muheereaza SK (1997): Improving eggshell quality at high temperatures with dietary sodium bicarbonate. Poult Sci, 76, 588-593.
- Barakat H, Ghazal IG (2016): Antifungal and antioxidant activities of Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) essential oil. J Food Dairy Sci Mansoura Univ, 7, 273-282.
- Basmacıoglu H, Tokusoglu O, Ergül M (2004): The effect of oregano and rosemary essential oils or alphatocopheryl acetate on performance and lipid oxidation of meat enriched with n-3 PUFA’s in broilers. S Afr J Anim Sci, 34, 197-210.
- Bishop CD (1995): Antiviral activity of the essential oil of Melaleuca alternifolia (Maiden and Betche) Cheel (tea tree) against tobacco mosaic virus. J Essential Oil Res, 7, 641-644.
- Botsoglou N, Florou-Paneri P, Botsoglou E, et al (2005): The effect of feeding rosemary, oregano, saffron and α"-tocopheryl acetate on hen performance and oxidative stability of eggs. S Afr J Anim Sci, 35,143-151.
- Botsoglou NA, Christaki E, Florou-Paneri P, et al (2004): The effect of a mixture of herbal essential oils or tocopheryl acetate on performance parameters and oxidation of body lipid in broilers. S Afr J Anim Sci, 34, 52-61.
- Botsoglou NA, Florou-Paneri P, Christaki E, et al (2002): Effect of dietary oregano essential oil on performance of chickens and on iron-induced lipid oxidation of breast, thigh and abdominal fat tissues. Br Poult Sci, 43, 223-230.
- Brenes A, Roura E (2010): Essential oils in poultry nutrition. Main effects and mode of action. Anim Feed Sci Technol, 158, 1-14.
- Card LE, Nesheim MC (1972): Poultry Production, 11th ed (Philadelphia, PA, Lea and Febiger).
- Carpenter KJ, Clegg KM (1956): The metabolizable energy of poultry feeding stuffs in relation to their chemical composition. J Sci Food Agr, 7, 45-51.
- Chao SC, Young DG, Oberg CJ (2000): Screening for inhibitory activity of essential oils on selected bacteria, fungi and viruses. J Essential Oil Res, 12, 639-649.
- Cosentino S, Tuberoso CIG, Pisano B, et al (1999). In vitro antimicrobial activity and chemical composition of Sardinian Thymus essential oils. Lett Appl Microbiol, 29, 130-135.
- Cufadar Y (2018): Effects of dietary different levels of rosemary essential oil on performance and eggshell quality parameters in laying hens. Selcuk J Agr Food Sci, 32, 454-457.
- Dorman HJD, Deans SG (2000): Antimicrobial agents from plants: antibacterial activity of plant volatile oils. J Appl Microbiol, 88, 308-316.
- Estévez M, Ramírez R, Ventanas S, et al (2007): Sage and rosemary essential oils versus BHT for the inhibition of lipid oxidative reactions in liver pâté. LWT, 40, 58-65.
- Farag RS, Daw ZY, Hewedi FM, et al (1989): Antimicrobial activity of some Egyptian spice essential oils. J Food Prot, 5, 665-667.
- Farese G, Schmidt JL, Mager M (1967): An automated method for the determination of serum calcium with glyoxal bis (2-hydroxyanil). Clinical Chem, 13, 515-520.
- Florou-Paneri P, Palatos G, Govaris A, et al (2005): Oregano herb versus oregano essential oil as feed supplements to increase the oxidative stability of turkey meat. Int J Poult Sci, 11, 866-871.
- Florou-Paneri P, Dotas D, Mitsopoulos I, et al (2006): Effect of feeding rosemary and α–tocopheryl acetate on hen performance and egg quality. J Poultry Sci, 43, 143-149.
- Gachkar L, Yadegari D, Rezaei MB, et al (2007): Chemical and biological characteristics of Cuminum cyminum and Rosmarinus officinalis essential oils. Food Chem, 102, 898-904.
- Galobart J, Barroeta AC, Baucells MD, et al (2001): Effect of dietary supplementation with rosemary extract and α-tocopheryl acetate on lipid oxidation in eggs enriched with ω3-fatty acids. Poultry Sci, 8, 460-467.
- Gericke S, Kurmies B (1952): Die kolorimetrische Phosphorsäurebestimmung mit der Ammonium-Vandat-Methode und ihre Anwendung in der Pflanzenanalyse. Z Pflanzenernähr Düng Bodenk, 59, 235-247.
- Hajiazizi F, Torki M, Habibian M (2016): Effects of rosemary essential oil and zinc on performance, egg quality traits, and some serum metabolites in laying hens. J Livestock Sci and Technol, 4, 01-06.
- Hashemi SR, Davoodi H (2011): Herbal plants and their derivatives as growth and health promoters in animal nutrition. Vet Res Commun, 35, 169-180.
- Hernández F, Madrid, J, Garcia V, et al (2004): Influence of two plant extracts on broiler performance, digestibility, and digestive organ size. Poult Sci, 83, 169-174.
- Jamroz D, Kamel C (2002): Plant extracts enhance broiler performance. in non-ruminant nutrition: antimicrobial agents and plant extracts on immunity, health and performance. J Anim Sci, 80, 41-46.
- Jang IS, Ko HY, Ha JS, et al (2004): Influence of essential oil components on growth performance and the functional activity of the pancreas and small intestine in broiler chickens. Asian-Australasian J Anim Sci, 17, 394-400.
- Jang IS, Ko YH, Kang SY, et al (2007): Effect of commercial essential oils on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and intestinal microflora population in broiler chickens. Anim Feed Sci Technol, 134, 304-315.
- Jayashree T, Subramanyam C (1999): Anti-aflatoxigenic activity of eugenol is due to inhibition of lipid peroxidation. Lett Appl Microbiol, 28,179-183.
- Ke PJ, Ackman PJ, Linke BH, et al (1977): Differential lipid oxidation in various parts of frozen mackerel. J Food Technol, 12, 37-47.
- Kempaiah RK, Srinivasan K (2002): Integrity of erythrocytes of hypercholesterelomic rats during spices treatment. Mol Cell Biochem, 236, 155-161.
- Krause EL, Ternes W (2000): Bioavailability of the antioxidative Rosmarinus officinalis compound carnosic acid in eggs. Eur Food Res Techno, 3, 161-164
- Lee KW, Everts H, Kappert HJ, et al (2003): Effects of dietary essential oil components on growth performance, digestive enzymes and lipid metabolism in female broiler chickens. Br Poult Sci, 44, 450-457.
- Lopez-Bote CJ, Gray JI, Gomaa EA, et al (1998): Effect of dietary administration of oil extracts from rosemary and sage on lipid oxidation in broiler meat. Br Poult Sci, 39, 235-240.
- Mari M, Bertolini P, Pratella GC (2003): Non-conventional methods for the control of post-harvest pear diseases. J Appl Microbiol, 94, 761-766.
- Marino M, Bersani C, Comi G (1999): Antimicrobial activity of the essential oils of Thymus vulgaris L. measured using a bioimpedometric method. J Food Protect, 62, 1017-1023.
- Mourey A, Canillac N (2002): Anti-Listeria monocytogenes activity of essential oils components of conifers. Food Control 13, 289-292.
- NRC (1994): National Research Council, Nutrient Requirements of Poultry, 9th Ed. National Academy Press, Washington, DC.
- Palá-Paúl J, García-Jiménez R, Pérez-Alonso MJ, et al (2004): Essential oil composition of the leaves and stems of Meum athamanticum Jacq. from Spain. J Chromatogr A, 1036, 245-247.
- Pandey R, Kalra A, Tandon S, et al (2000): Essential oil compounds as potent source of nematicidal compounds. J Phytopathol, 148, 501-502.
- Pessoa LM, Morais SM, Bevilaqua CML, et al (2002): Anthelmintic activity of essential oil of Ocimum gratissimum Linn. and eugenol against Haemonchus contortus. Vet Parasitol, 109, 59-63.
- Platel K, Srinivasan K (2004): Digestive stimulant action of spices: A myth or reality? Indian J Med Res, 119, 167-179.
- Radwan NL, Hassan RA, Qota EM, et al (2008): Effect of natural antioxidant on oxidative stability of eggs and productive and reproductive performance of laying hens. Int J Poult Sci, 7, 134-150.
- Richheimer SL, Bernart MW, King GA, et al (1996): Antioxidant activity of lipid-soluble phenolic diterpenes from rosemary. J AOCS, 73, 507-514.
- Rota C, Carraminana JJ, Burillo J, et al (2004): In vitro antimicrobial activity of essential oils from aromatic plants against selected foodborne pathogens. J Food Prot, 67, 1252-1256.
- Santana-Méridas O, Polissiou M, Izquierdo-Melero ME, et al (2014): Polyphenol composition, antioxidant and bioplaguicide activities of the solid residue from hydrodistillation of Rosmarinus officinalis L. Ind Crop Prod, 59, 125-134.
- Scheeder, MRL (2000): Internal research report. Institute of Animal Science. Nutritionbiologie. ETH-Zürich, Switzerland.
- Shanmugavelu S, Acamovic T, Cowieson AJ (2004): Effect of thyme oil and garlic powder on the nutritive value of soybean meal. Br Poult Sci, 45, 54-55.
- Simsek UG, Ciftci M, Özcelik M, et al (2015). Effects of cinnamon and rosemary oils on egg production, egg quality, hatchability traits and blood serum mineral contents in laying quails (Coturnix Coturnix Japonica). Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg, 62, 229 236.
- Srinivasan K (2004): Spices as influencers of body metabolism: an overview of three decades of research. Food Res Int, 38, 77-86.
- Sümbüloglu K, Sümbüloglu V (1995): Biyoistatistik. Özdemir Yayıncılık, 6. Baskı, Ankara.
- Tang SZ, Kerry JP, Sheeham D, et al (2000): Dietary tea catechins and iron-induced lipid oxidation in chicken meat, liver and heart. Meat Sci, 56, 285-290.
- Viuda-Martos M, Ruiz Navajas Y, Sánchez Zapata E, et al (2010): Antioxidant activity of essential oils of five spice plants widely used in a Mediterranean diet. Flavour Frag J, 25, 13-19.
- Yesilbag D, Eren M, Agel H, et al (2011): Effects of dietary rosemary, rosemary volatile oil and vitamin E on broiler performance, meat quality and serum SOD activity. Br Poult Sci, 52, 472-482.
- Yesilbag, D, Gezen S, Biricik H, et al (2013): Effects of dietary rosemary and oregano volatile oil mixture on quail performance, egg traits and egg oxidative stability. Br Poult Sci, 54, 231-237.
- Zaouali Y, Bouzaine T, Boussaid M (2010): Essential oils composition in two Rosmarinus officinalis L. varieties and incidence for antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Food Chem Toxicol 48, 3144-3152.
There are 60 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Veterinary Surgery |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | January 1, 2022 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2022Volume: 69 Issue: 1 |
