Research Article
Year 2023,
Volume: 70 Issue: 1, 43 - 47, 30.12.2022
Abstract
References
- Abdelgalil AI, Hassan EA, Torad FA (2019): Objective radiographic evaluation of cardiac size in clinically normal Zaraibi goats. Indian J Anim Res, B-1097.
- Bavegems V, Van Caelenberg A, Duchateau L, et al (2005): Vertebral heart size ranges specific for whippets. Vet Radiol Ultrasound, 46, 400-403.
- Bhargavi S, Kannan TA, Ramesh G, et al (2019): Radiographic Evaluation of Heart Using VHS method in Rajapalayam Dog- Indigenous Breed of Tamil Nadu. Int J Curr Microbiol App Sci, 8, 1216-1220.
- Birks R, Fine DM, Leach SB, et al (2017): Breed-specific vertebral heart scale for the dachshund. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc, 53, 73-79.
- Bîrsan O, Baısan A, Mocanu D, et al (2016): Cardio-Thoracic Ratio Evaluation of Cardiac Sihlouette Compared with the Vertebral Heart Scale in Cats. Bulletin UASVM Veterinary Medicine, 73, 36-39.
- Bodh D, Hoque M, Saxena AC, et al (2016): Vertebral scale system to measure heart size in thoracic radiographs of Indian Spitz, Labrador retriever and Mongrel dogs. VetWorld, 9, 371-376.
- Buchanan JW, Bücheler JB (1995): Vertebral scale system to measure canine heart size in radiographs. J Am Vet Med Assoc, 206, 194–199.
- De Moura CR, Das Neves Diniz A, Da Silva Moura L, et al (2015): Cardiothoracic ratio and vertebral heart scale in clinically normal black-rumped agoutis (Dasyprocta prymnolopha, Wagler 1831). J Zoo Wildl Med, 46, 314-319.
- Dias S, Anselmi C, Espada Y, et al (2021): Vertebral heart score to evaluate cardiac size in thoracic radiographs of 124 healthy rats (Rattus norvegicus). Vet Radiol Ultrasound, 62, 394-401.
- Garcia EB, Eshar D, Thomason JD, et al (2016): Cardiac assessment of zoo-kept, black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) anesthetized with isoflurane. J Zoo Wildl Med, 47, 955-962.
- Gardner A, Thompson MS, Heard DJ, et al (2007): Radiographic evaluation of cardiac size in flying fox species (Pteropus rodricensus, P. hypomelanus, and P. vampyrus). J Zoo Wildl Med, 38, 192-200.
- Giannico AT, Garcia DAA, Lima L, et al (2015): Determination of normal echocardiographic, electrocardiographic, and radiographic cardiac parameters in the conscious New Zealand white rabbit. J Exot Pet Med, 24, 223-234.
- Gugjoo MB, Hoque M, Saxena AC, et al (2013): Vertebral scale system to measure heart size in dogs in thoracic radiographs. Adv Anim Vet Sci, 1, 1-4.
- Jacobson JH, Boon JA, Bright JM (2013): An echocardiographic study of healthy Border Collies with normal reference ranges for the breed. J Vet Cardiol, 15, 123-130.
- Jepsen-Grant K, Pollard RE, Johnson LR (2013): Vertebral heart scores in eight dog breeds. Vet Radiol Ultrasound, 54, 3-8.
- Kraetschmer S, Ludwig K, Meneses F, et al (2008): Vertebral heart scale in the beagle dog. J Small Anim Pract, 49, 240-243.
- Lamb CR, Boswood A (2002): Role of survey radiography in diagnosing canine cardiac disease. Comp Cont Ed Prac Vet, 24, 316-326.
- Ljubica SK, Krstic N, Trailovic RD (2007): Comparison of three methods of measuring vertebral heart size in German shepherd dogs. Acta Veterinaria (Beogard), 57, 133-141.
- Luciani MG, Withoeft JA, Pissetti HMC, et al (2019): Vertebral heart size in healthy Australian cattle dog. Anat Histol Embryol, 48, 264-267.
- Marin LM, Brown J, McBrien C, et al (2007): Vertebral heart size in retired racing greyhounds. Vet Radiol Ultrasound, 48, 332-334.
- Moarabi A, Mosallanejad B, Ghadiri A, et al (2015): Radiographic Measurement of Vertebral Heart Scale (VHS) in New Zealand White Rabbits. IJVS, 10, Serial No: 22.
- Nabi SU, Wani AR, Dey S (2014): Radiographıc measurements (vertebral heart scale) of popular breeds of dogs in India. Appl Biol Res, 16, 242-246.
- Nakayama H, Nakayama T, Hamlin RL (2001): Correlation of cardiac enlargement as assessed by vertebral heart size and echocardiographic and electrocardiographic findings in dogs with evolving cardiomegaly due to rapid ventricular pacing. J Vet Intern Med, 15, 217-221.
- Onuma M, Ono S, Ishida T, et al (2010): Radiographic measurement of cardiac size in 27 rabbits. J Vet Med Sci, 72, 529-531.
- Reichle JK, Wisner ER (2000): Non-cardiac thoracic ultrasound in 75 fe¬line and canine patients. Vet Radiol Ultrasound, 41, 154-162.
- Rocha-Neto HJ, Moura LS, Pessoa GT, et al (2015): Cardiothoracic ratio and vertebral heart size (VHS) to standardize the heart size of the tufted capuchin (Cebus apella Linnaeus, 1758) in computerized radiographic images. Pesq Vet Bras, 35, 853-858.
- Root CR, Bahr RJ (2002): The heart and great vessels. 402-419. In: DE Thrall (Ed), Textbook of Diagnostic Veterinary Radiology. 4th ed. WB Saunders Company, Philadelphia.
- Saunders RA, Kubiak M, Dobbs P (2018): Determination of vertebral heart score in three species of Spider monkey (Ateles fusciceps, A. hybridus and A. Paniscus). J Med Primatol, 47, 51-54.
- Schillaci MA, Parish S, Jones-Engel L (2009): Radiographic measurement of the cardiothoracic ratio in pet macaques from Sulawesi Indonesia. Radiography, 15, 29-33.
- Schillaci MA, Lischka AR, Karamitsos AA, et al (2010): Radiographic measurement of the cardiothoracic ratio in a feral population of long tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis). Radiography, 16, 163-166.
- Singh A, Pandey RP, Purohit S, et al (2020): Measurement and comparison of vertebral heart size (VHS) in Muzaffarnagari sheep using two different methods. J Entomol Zool, 8, 834-837.
- Sleeper MM, Buchanan JW (2001): Vertebral scale system to measure heart size in growing puppies. J Am Vet Med, 219, 57-59.
- Taylor CJ, Simon BT, Stanley BJ, et al (2020): Norwich terriers possess a greater vertebral heart scale than the canine reference value. Vet Radiol Ultrasound, 61, 10-15.
- Torad FA, Hassan EA (2014): Two-dimensional cardiothoracic ratio for evaluation of cardiac size in German shepherd dogs. JV Cardiology, 16, 237-244.
- Ukaha Rock O, Iloh JI (2018): Measurement of Heart Size in the Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) by Vertebral Scale System. J Sci Res, 18, 1-7.
- Williams AR, Ueda Y, Stern JA, et al (2020): Vertebral Heart Score in Rhesus Macaques (Macaca mulatta): Generating Normal Reference Intervals and Assessing its Validity for Identifying Cardiac Disease. JAALAS, 59, 347-355.
Year 2023,
Volume: 70 Issue: 1, 43 - 47, 30.12.2022
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine and compare the Vertebral Heart Size (VHS) and Cardio-Thoracic Rate (CTR) in normal Wistar Rats. The size of the organs in the chest cavity and the size of the heart can be measured by taking thorax radiographs. Thorax radiographs of 85 male Wistar rats were taken under anesthesia, and VHS and CTR were calculated in the digital environment. The mean VHS was 7.22 mm in the right lateral position and 7.34 mm in the left lateral position. In the radiography taken in the ventrodorsal position (P = 0.3530), the mean CTR was calculated as 0.89 mm. Also, no significant correlation was measured between VHS and CTR. In conclusion, our study results can be reference values, as no previous study has been found for Wistar rats.
References
- Abdelgalil AI, Hassan EA, Torad FA (2019): Objective radiographic evaluation of cardiac size in clinically normal Zaraibi goats. Indian J Anim Res, B-1097.
- Bavegems V, Van Caelenberg A, Duchateau L, et al (2005): Vertebral heart size ranges specific for whippets. Vet Radiol Ultrasound, 46, 400-403.
- Bhargavi S, Kannan TA, Ramesh G, et al (2019): Radiographic Evaluation of Heart Using VHS method in Rajapalayam Dog- Indigenous Breed of Tamil Nadu. Int J Curr Microbiol App Sci, 8, 1216-1220.
- Birks R, Fine DM, Leach SB, et al (2017): Breed-specific vertebral heart scale for the dachshund. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc, 53, 73-79.
- Bîrsan O, Baısan A, Mocanu D, et al (2016): Cardio-Thoracic Ratio Evaluation of Cardiac Sihlouette Compared with the Vertebral Heart Scale in Cats. Bulletin UASVM Veterinary Medicine, 73, 36-39.
- Bodh D, Hoque M, Saxena AC, et al (2016): Vertebral scale system to measure heart size in thoracic radiographs of Indian Spitz, Labrador retriever and Mongrel dogs. VetWorld, 9, 371-376.
- Buchanan JW, Bücheler JB (1995): Vertebral scale system to measure canine heart size in radiographs. J Am Vet Med Assoc, 206, 194–199.
- De Moura CR, Das Neves Diniz A, Da Silva Moura L, et al (2015): Cardiothoracic ratio and vertebral heart scale in clinically normal black-rumped agoutis (Dasyprocta prymnolopha, Wagler 1831). J Zoo Wildl Med, 46, 314-319.
- Dias S, Anselmi C, Espada Y, et al (2021): Vertebral heart score to evaluate cardiac size in thoracic radiographs of 124 healthy rats (Rattus norvegicus). Vet Radiol Ultrasound, 62, 394-401.
- Garcia EB, Eshar D, Thomason JD, et al (2016): Cardiac assessment of zoo-kept, black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) anesthetized with isoflurane. J Zoo Wildl Med, 47, 955-962.
- Gardner A, Thompson MS, Heard DJ, et al (2007): Radiographic evaluation of cardiac size in flying fox species (Pteropus rodricensus, P. hypomelanus, and P. vampyrus). J Zoo Wildl Med, 38, 192-200.
- Giannico AT, Garcia DAA, Lima L, et al (2015): Determination of normal echocardiographic, electrocardiographic, and radiographic cardiac parameters in the conscious New Zealand white rabbit. J Exot Pet Med, 24, 223-234.
- Gugjoo MB, Hoque M, Saxena AC, et al (2013): Vertebral scale system to measure heart size in dogs in thoracic radiographs. Adv Anim Vet Sci, 1, 1-4.
- Jacobson JH, Boon JA, Bright JM (2013): An echocardiographic study of healthy Border Collies with normal reference ranges for the breed. J Vet Cardiol, 15, 123-130.
- Jepsen-Grant K, Pollard RE, Johnson LR (2013): Vertebral heart scores in eight dog breeds. Vet Radiol Ultrasound, 54, 3-8.
- Kraetschmer S, Ludwig K, Meneses F, et al (2008): Vertebral heart scale in the beagle dog. J Small Anim Pract, 49, 240-243.
- Lamb CR, Boswood A (2002): Role of survey radiography in diagnosing canine cardiac disease. Comp Cont Ed Prac Vet, 24, 316-326.
- Ljubica SK, Krstic N, Trailovic RD (2007): Comparison of three methods of measuring vertebral heart size in German shepherd dogs. Acta Veterinaria (Beogard), 57, 133-141.
- Luciani MG, Withoeft JA, Pissetti HMC, et al (2019): Vertebral heart size in healthy Australian cattle dog. Anat Histol Embryol, 48, 264-267.
- Marin LM, Brown J, McBrien C, et al (2007): Vertebral heart size in retired racing greyhounds. Vet Radiol Ultrasound, 48, 332-334.
- Moarabi A, Mosallanejad B, Ghadiri A, et al (2015): Radiographic Measurement of Vertebral Heart Scale (VHS) in New Zealand White Rabbits. IJVS, 10, Serial No: 22.
- Nabi SU, Wani AR, Dey S (2014): Radiographıc measurements (vertebral heart scale) of popular breeds of dogs in India. Appl Biol Res, 16, 242-246.
- Nakayama H, Nakayama T, Hamlin RL (2001): Correlation of cardiac enlargement as assessed by vertebral heart size and echocardiographic and electrocardiographic findings in dogs with evolving cardiomegaly due to rapid ventricular pacing. J Vet Intern Med, 15, 217-221.
- Onuma M, Ono S, Ishida T, et al (2010): Radiographic measurement of cardiac size in 27 rabbits. J Vet Med Sci, 72, 529-531.
- Reichle JK, Wisner ER (2000): Non-cardiac thoracic ultrasound in 75 fe¬line and canine patients. Vet Radiol Ultrasound, 41, 154-162.
- Rocha-Neto HJ, Moura LS, Pessoa GT, et al (2015): Cardiothoracic ratio and vertebral heart size (VHS) to standardize the heart size of the tufted capuchin (Cebus apella Linnaeus, 1758) in computerized radiographic images. Pesq Vet Bras, 35, 853-858.
- Root CR, Bahr RJ (2002): The heart and great vessels. 402-419. In: DE Thrall (Ed), Textbook of Diagnostic Veterinary Radiology. 4th ed. WB Saunders Company, Philadelphia.
- Saunders RA, Kubiak M, Dobbs P (2018): Determination of vertebral heart score in three species of Spider monkey (Ateles fusciceps, A. hybridus and A. Paniscus). J Med Primatol, 47, 51-54.
- Schillaci MA, Parish S, Jones-Engel L (2009): Radiographic measurement of the cardiothoracic ratio in pet macaques from Sulawesi Indonesia. Radiography, 15, 29-33.
- Schillaci MA, Lischka AR, Karamitsos AA, et al (2010): Radiographic measurement of the cardiothoracic ratio in a feral population of long tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis). Radiography, 16, 163-166.
- Singh A, Pandey RP, Purohit S, et al (2020): Measurement and comparison of vertebral heart size (VHS) in Muzaffarnagari sheep using two different methods. J Entomol Zool, 8, 834-837.
- Sleeper MM, Buchanan JW (2001): Vertebral scale system to measure heart size in growing puppies. J Am Vet Med, 219, 57-59.
- Taylor CJ, Simon BT, Stanley BJ, et al (2020): Norwich terriers possess a greater vertebral heart scale than the canine reference value. Vet Radiol Ultrasound, 61, 10-15.
- Torad FA, Hassan EA (2014): Two-dimensional cardiothoracic ratio for evaluation of cardiac size in German shepherd dogs. JV Cardiology, 16, 237-244.
- Ukaha Rock O, Iloh JI (2018): Measurement of Heart Size in the Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) by Vertebral Scale System. J Sci Res, 18, 1-7.
- Williams AR, Ueda Y, Stern JA, et al (2020): Vertebral Heart Score in Rhesus Macaques (Macaca mulatta): Generating Normal Reference Intervals and Assessing its Validity for Identifying Cardiac Disease. JAALAS, 59, 347-355.
There are 36 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Veterinary Surgery |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | December 30, 2022 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2023Volume: 70 Issue: 1 |
