Abstract
The red fox is the wild carnivore with the widest distribution in the world. Thus, this animal acts as intermediate and final host for many parasite species. Neospora caninum is one of the most important protozoan agents causing abortion in cattle, sheep and goats in the world. The final hosts of N. caninum are domestic dogs and wild canids such as wolves and coyotes, while its intermediate hosts are domestic ruminants and many warm-blooded animals, including red foxes. The aim of this study was to research N. caninum in brain samples of three red foxes obtained from wildlife in Türkiye by using PCR. At the end of the study N. caninum DNA was detected in one of three brain samples. To the best of our knowledge, with this study, N. caninum was detected for the first time in a red fox brain sample in Türkiye.
Keywords
Ethical Statement
Permission to examine parasitic diseases in fox samples was obtained from Veterinary Control Central Research Institute Local Ethics Committee with the decision numbered 2017/02.
Thanks
The authors would like to thank all veterinarians and technicians for their kind help during sample collection.
References
- Almería S, Ferrer D, Pabón M, et al (2002): Red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) are a natural intermediate host of Neospora caninum. Vet Parasitol, 107, 287-294.
- Bartley PM, Wright SE, Zimmer IA, et al (2013): Detection of Neospora caninum in wild carnivorans in Great Britain. Vet Parasitol, 192, 279-283.
- De Craeye S, Speybroeck N, Ajzenberg D, et al (2011): Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in wildlife: common parasites in Belgian foxes and Cervidae? Vet Parasitol, 178, 64-69.
- Demir PA, Eşki F, Ütük AE (2020): Estimating the total economic costs of Neospora caninum infections in dairy cows in Turkey. Trop Anim Health Prod, 52, 3251-3258.
- Deplazes P, Hegglin D, Gloor S, et al (2004): Wilderness in the city: the urbanization of Echinococcus multilocularis. Trends Parasitol, 20, 77-84.
- Dubey JP, Hemphill A, Calero-Bernal R, et al (2017): Neosporosis in animals. 1st edn. CRC Press, New York.
- Gondim LF (2006): Neospora caninum in wildlife. Trends Parasitol, 22, 247-252.
- Gondim LF, McAllister MM, Pitt WC, et al (2004): Coyotes (Canis latrans) are definitive hosts of Neospora caninum. Int J Parasitol, 34, 159-161.
- Hoffmann M, Sillero-Zubiri C (2016): Vulpes vulpes. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: e.T23062A46190249.
- Hurková L, Modrý D (2006): PCR detection of Neospora caninum, Toxoplasma gondii and Encephalitozoon cuniculi in brains of wild carnivores. Vet Parasitol, 137, 150-154.
- Lempp C, Jungwirth N, Grilo ML, et al (2017): Pathological findings in the red fox (Vulpes vulpes), stone marten (Martes foina) and raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides), with special emphasis on infectious and zoonotic agents in Northern Germany. PLoS One, 12, e0175469.
- Lukášová R, Marková J, Bártová E, et al (2018): Molecular evidence of Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum, and Encephalitozoon cuniculi in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes). J Wildl Dis, 54, 825-828.
- Munson L, Karesh WB, Mcentee MF, et al (2006): Necropsy of wild animals. Wildlife Conservation Society.
- Reichel MP, Ayanegui-Alcérreca MA, Gondim LF, et al (2013): What is the global economic impact of Neospora caninum in cattle–the billion dollar question. Int J Parasitol, 43, 133-142.
- Reiterová K, Špilovská S, Čobádiová A, et al (2016): Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in red foxes in Slovakia. Acta Parasitol, 61, 762-768.
- Stuart P, Zintl A, De Waal T, et al (2013): Investigating the role of wild carnivores in the epidemiology of bovine neosporosis. Parasitology, 140, 296-302.
- Şuteu O, Mihalca AD, Paştiu AI, et al (2014): Red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in Romania are carriers of Toxoplasma gondii but not Neospora caninum. J Wildl Dis, 50, 713-716.
- Yamage M, Flechtner O, Gottstein B (1996): Neospora caninum: specific oligonucleotide primers for the detection of brain" cyst" DNA of experimentally infected nude mice by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). J Parasitol, 82, 272-279.
Abstract
Kızıl tilki dünyada en geniş yayılım alanına sahip yabani karnivordur. Kızıl tilkiler besin zincirinin tepesinde yer almakta ve bu nedenle de birçok parazit türüne ara konaklık veya son konaklık yapmaktadır. Neospora caninum sığır, koyun ve keçilerde atıklara neden olan en önemli protozoal etkenlerden birisidir. N. caninum’un son konakları evcil köpekler ile kurt ve çakal gibi yabani karnivorlar iken ara konakları ise evcil ruminantlar ile kızıl tilki gibi çeşitli sıcakkanlı hayvanlardır. Bu çalışmanın amacı yaban hayatından elde edilen üç kızıl tilkinin beyin örneklerinde N. caninum’un PCR ile araştırılmasıdır. Çalışma ile üç kızıl tilkinin birinde N. caninum DNA’sı tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışma ile Türkiye’de ilk kez kızıl tilki beyin örneğinde N. caninum DNA’sı tespit edilmiştir.
References
- Almería S, Ferrer D, Pabón M, et al (2002): Red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) are a natural intermediate host of Neospora caninum. Vet Parasitol, 107, 287-294.
- Bartley PM, Wright SE, Zimmer IA, et al (2013): Detection of Neospora caninum in wild carnivorans in Great Britain. Vet Parasitol, 192, 279-283.
- De Craeye S, Speybroeck N, Ajzenberg D, et al (2011): Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in wildlife: common parasites in Belgian foxes and Cervidae? Vet Parasitol, 178, 64-69.
- Demir PA, Eşki F, Ütük AE (2020): Estimating the total economic costs of Neospora caninum infections in dairy cows in Turkey. Trop Anim Health Prod, 52, 3251-3258.
- Deplazes P, Hegglin D, Gloor S, et al (2004): Wilderness in the city: the urbanization of Echinococcus multilocularis. Trends Parasitol, 20, 77-84.
- Dubey JP, Hemphill A, Calero-Bernal R, et al (2017): Neosporosis in animals. 1st edn. CRC Press, New York.
- Gondim LF (2006): Neospora caninum in wildlife. Trends Parasitol, 22, 247-252.
- Gondim LF, McAllister MM, Pitt WC, et al (2004): Coyotes (Canis latrans) are definitive hosts of Neospora caninum. Int J Parasitol, 34, 159-161.
- Hoffmann M, Sillero-Zubiri C (2016): Vulpes vulpes. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: e.T23062A46190249.
- Hurková L, Modrý D (2006): PCR detection of Neospora caninum, Toxoplasma gondii and Encephalitozoon cuniculi in brains of wild carnivores. Vet Parasitol, 137, 150-154.
- Lempp C, Jungwirth N, Grilo ML, et al (2017): Pathological findings in the red fox (Vulpes vulpes), stone marten (Martes foina) and raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides), with special emphasis on infectious and zoonotic agents in Northern Germany. PLoS One, 12, e0175469.
- Lukášová R, Marková J, Bártová E, et al (2018): Molecular evidence of Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum, and Encephalitozoon cuniculi in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes). J Wildl Dis, 54, 825-828.
- Munson L, Karesh WB, Mcentee MF, et al (2006): Necropsy of wild animals. Wildlife Conservation Society.
- Reichel MP, Ayanegui-Alcérreca MA, Gondim LF, et al (2013): What is the global economic impact of Neospora caninum in cattle–the billion dollar question. Int J Parasitol, 43, 133-142.
- Reiterová K, Špilovská S, Čobádiová A, et al (2016): Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in red foxes in Slovakia. Acta Parasitol, 61, 762-768.
- Stuart P, Zintl A, De Waal T, et al (2013): Investigating the role of wild carnivores in the epidemiology of bovine neosporosis. Parasitology, 140, 296-302.
- Şuteu O, Mihalca AD, Paştiu AI, et al (2014): Red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in Romania are carriers of Toxoplasma gondii but not Neospora caninum. J Wildl Dis, 50, 713-716.
- Yamage M, Flechtner O, Gottstein B (1996): Neospora caninum: specific oligonucleotide primers for the detection of brain" cyst" DNA of experimentally infected nude mice by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). J Parasitol, 82, 272-279.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Veterinary Parasitology |
| Journal Section | Case Report |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | September 29, 2023 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2023Volume: 70 Issue: 4 |
