Research Article
Effect of feeding processed Soybean Meal on broiler’s performance, intestinal morphology, cecal microbial population and immune response
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the effects of different levels of processed soybean meal (PSBM) on the growth performance, intestinal morphology, cecal bacterial count, and immune responses of broilers. A total of 560 Ross 308 broiler chickens were randomly assigned to seven groups. The control group received a basal diet based on standard soybean meal (SBM). Groups S1 (starter 1), G1 (grower 1), and F1 (full period 1) received diets containing 2.5% PSBM, while Groups S2, G2, and F2 received diets containing 5% PSBM at each life phase, respectively. The results demonstrated that average daily weight gain and feed conversion ratio were significantly improved in the groups fed the 5% PSBM diet. Additionally, PSBM replacement did not affect villus length in any intestinal region. Nevertheless, increasing dietary PSBM content reduced intestinal goblet cell number (P<0.01) and cecal Clostridia population (P<0.01). Furthermore, PSBM enhanced bronchitis antibody titers and immune responses against PHA at 24 and 48 hours after injection, respectively (P<0.01). In conclusion, adding 5% PSBM to regular SBM is recommended, particularly in the grower phase, due to its positive effects on broilers.
Ethical Statement
This experiment was approved by the Animal Care Committee of Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch of Tehran, Iran. The Animal Ethics Committee approval number was IR-SRBIAU-AEC 2022N18.
Project Number
IR-SRBIAU-AEC 2022N18.
Thanks
The authors would like to specially thank Yasna Mehr Co. (Tehran, Iran), for providing the processed soybean meal and cooperation in conducting the study.
References
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- Fasina YO, Classen HL, Garlich JD, et al (2006): Response of turkey poults to soybean lectin levels typically encountered in commercial diets. 2. Effect on intestinal development and lymphoid organs. Poult Sci, 85, 870–877.
- Foltyn M, Rada V, Lichovnikova M, et al (2013): Effect of extruded full-fat soybeans on performance, amino acids digestibility, trypsin activity, and intestinal morphology in broilers. Czech J Anim Sci, 58, 470–478.
- Guo S, Zhang Y, Cheng Q, et al (2020): Partial substitution of fermented soybean meal for soybean meal influences the carcass traits and meat quality of broiler chickens. Anim, 10, 225-239.
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- Jahanian R, Rasouli E (2016): Effect of extrusion processing of soybean meal on ileal amino acid digestibility and growth performance of broiler chicks. Poult Sci, 95, 2871–2878.
- Jazi V, Mohebodini H, Ashayerizadeh A, et al (2019): Fermented soybean meal ameliorates Salmonella Typhimurium infection in young broiler chickens. Poult Sci, 98, 5648–5660.
- Kim SK, Kim TH, Lee SK, et al (2016): The use of fermented soybean meals during early phase affects subsequent growth and physiological response in broiler chicks. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci, 29, 1287-1293.
- Kotecka-Majchrzak K, Sumara A, Fornal E, et al (2020): Oilseed proteins–properties and application as a food ingredient. Trends Food Sci Technol, 106, 160–170.
- Li Y, Guo B, Wu Z, et al (2020): Effects of fermented soybean meal supplementation on the growth performance and cecal microbiota community of broiler chickens. Anim, 10, 1098-1117.
- Mirghelenj SA, Golian A, Kermanshahi H, et al (2013): Nutritional value of wet extruded full-fat soybean and its effects on broiler chicken performance. J Appl Poult Res, 22, 410–422.
- Mojarrad MT, Seidavi A, Dadashbeiki M, et al (2014): Effect of soybean meal heat procedures on growth performance of broiler chickens. Spanish J Agric Res, 2014, 180–185.
- Nahavandinejad M, Seidavi AR, Asadpour L (2012): Effects of soybean meal processing method on the broiler immune system. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg, 18, 965–972.
- O’Neill HVM, Hall H, Curry D, et al (2018): Processed soya to improve performance of broiler chickens. J Appl Poult Res, 27, 325–331.
- Palliyeguru MWCD, Rose SP, Mackenzie AM (2011): Effect of trypsin inhibitor activity in soya bean on growth performance, protein digestibility and incidence of sub-clinical necrotic enteritis in broiler chicken flocks. Br Poult Sci, 52, 359–367.
- Poorghasemi M, Chamani M, Mirhosseini SZ, et al (2017): Effect of probiotic and different sources of fat on performance, carcass characteristics, intestinal morphology and ghrelin gene expression on broiler chickens. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg, 24, 169-178.
- Rada V, Lichovnikova M, Safarik I (2017): The effect of soybean meal replacement with raw full-fat soybean in diets for broiler chickens. J Appl Anim Res, 45, 112–117.
- Rasouli E, Jahanian R (2015): Improved performance and immunological responses as the result of dietary genistein supplementation of broiler chicks. Anim, 9, 1473–1480.
- Rocha C, Durau JF, Barrilli LNE, et al (2014): The effect of raw and roasted soybeans on intestinal health, diet digestibility, and pancreas weight of broilers. J Appl Poult Res, 23, 71–79.
- Röhe I, Göbel TW, Boroojeni FG, et al (2017): Effect of feeding soybean meal and differently processed peas on the gut mucosal immune system of broilers. Poult Sci, 96, 2064–2073.
- Singh S, Gamlath S, Wakeling L (2007): Nutritional aspects of food extrusion: a review. Int J Food Sci Technol, 42, 916–929.
- Wawrzyniak A, Kapica M, Stępień-Pyśniak D, et al (2017): The effect of dietary supplementation of transcarpathian zeolite on intestinal morphology in female broiler chickens. J Appl Poult Res, 26, 421–430.
- Wiseman J (1994): Full fat soya, oils and fats in poultry nutrition. Am Soybean Assoc, Bruselas, Bélgica.
- Zakaria HAH, Ata MR (2020): Efficacy of soya protein concentrates on the performance and immunity of broiler chickens. Front Vet Sci, 7, 539-546.
Year 2025,
Volume: 72 Issue: 1, 67 - 75
Abstract
Project Number
IR-SRBIAU-AEC 2022N18.
References
- Allahyari-Bake S, Jahanian R (2017): Effects of dietary fat source and supplemental lysophosphatidylcholine on performance, immune responses, and ileal nutrient digestibility in broilers fed corn/soybean meal-or corn/wheat/soybean meal-based diets. Poult Sci, 96, 1149-1158.
- Alshelmani MI, Loh TC, Foo HL, et al (2016): Effect of feeding different levels of palm kernel cake fermented by Paenibacillus polymyxa ATCC 842 on nutrient digestibility, intestinal morphology, and gut microflora in broiler chickens. Anim Feed Sci Technol, 216, 216-224.
- Baurhoo B, Ferket PR, Zhao X (2009): Effects of diets containing different concentrations of mannanoligosaccharide or antibiotics on growth performance, intestinal development, cecal and litter microbial populations, and carcass parameters of broilers. Poult Sci, 88, 2262–2272.
- Beski SSM, Iji PA (2015): Effect of a processed soy protein product on growth and gut physiology of broiler chickens. J Appl Anim Nutr, 3, 1-10.
- Clarke E, Wiseman J (2007): Effects of extrusion conditions on trypsin inhibitor activity of full fat soybeans and subsequent effects on their nutritional value for young broilers. Br Poult Sci, 48, 703–712.
- Erdaw MM, Beyene WT (2018): Anti-nutrients reduce poultry productivity: influence of trypsin inhibitors on pancreas. Asian J Poult Sci, 12, 14–24.
- Eyng C, Murakami AE, Santos TC, et al (2015): Immune responses in broiler chicks fed propolis extraction residue-supplemented diets. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci, 28, 135-142.
- Fasina YO, Classen HL, Garlich JD, et al (2006): Response of turkey poults to soybean lectin levels typically encountered in commercial diets. 2. Effect on intestinal development and lymphoid organs. Poult Sci, 85, 870–877.
- Foltyn M, Rada V, Lichovnikova M, et al (2013): Effect of extruded full-fat soybeans on performance, amino acids digestibility, trypsin activity, and intestinal morphology in broilers. Czech J Anim Sci, 58, 470–478.
- Guo S, Zhang Y, Cheng Q, et al (2020): Partial substitution of fermented soybean meal for soybean meal influences the carcass traits and meat quality of broiler chickens. Anim, 10, 225-239.
- Iheukwumere FC, Ndubuisi EC, Mazi EA, et al (2008): Growth, carcass and gut morphology of broiler finisher chickens fed raw and processed soybean seed meal. Int J Trop Agric Food Syst, 2, 146–150.
- Jahanian R, Rasouli E (2016): Effect of extrusion processing of soybean meal on ileal amino acid digestibility and growth performance of broiler chicks. Poult Sci, 95, 2871–2878.
- Jazi V, Mohebodini H, Ashayerizadeh A, et al (2019): Fermented soybean meal ameliorates Salmonella Typhimurium infection in young broiler chickens. Poult Sci, 98, 5648–5660.
- Kim SK, Kim TH, Lee SK, et al (2016): The use of fermented soybean meals during early phase affects subsequent growth and physiological response in broiler chicks. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci, 29, 1287-1293.
- Kotecka-Majchrzak K, Sumara A, Fornal E, et al (2020): Oilseed proteins–properties and application as a food ingredient. Trends Food Sci Technol, 106, 160–170.
- Li Y, Guo B, Wu Z, et al (2020): Effects of fermented soybean meal supplementation on the growth performance and cecal microbiota community of broiler chickens. Anim, 10, 1098-1117.
- Mirghelenj SA, Golian A, Kermanshahi H, et al (2013): Nutritional value of wet extruded full-fat soybean and its effects on broiler chicken performance. J Appl Poult Res, 22, 410–422.
- Mojarrad MT, Seidavi A, Dadashbeiki M, et al (2014): Effect of soybean meal heat procedures on growth performance of broiler chickens. Spanish J Agric Res, 2014, 180–185.
- Nahavandinejad M, Seidavi AR, Asadpour L (2012): Effects of soybean meal processing method on the broiler immune system. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg, 18, 965–972.
- O’Neill HVM, Hall H, Curry D, et al (2018): Processed soya to improve performance of broiler chickens. J Appl Poult Res, 27, 325–331.
- Palliyeguru MWCD, Rose SP, Mackenzie AM (2011): Effect of trypsin inhibitor activity in soya bean on growth performance, protein digestibility and incidence of sub-clinical necrotic enteritis in broiler chicken flocks. Br Poult Sci, 52, 359–367.
- Poorghasemi M, Chamani M, Mirhosseini SZ, et al (2017): Effect of probiotic and different sources of fat on performance, carcass characteristics, intestinal morphology and ghrelin gene expression on broiler chickens. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg, 24, 169-178.
- Rada V, Lichovnikova M, Safarik I (2017): The effect of soybean meal replacement with raw full-fat soybean in diets for broiler chickens. J Appl Anim Res, 45, 112–117.
- Rasouli E, Jahanian R (2015): Improved performance and immunological responses as the result of dietary genistein supplementation of broiler chicks. Anim, 9, 1473–1480.
- Rocha C, Durau JF, Barrilli LNE, et al (2014): The effect of raw and roasted soybeans on intestinal health, diet digestibility, and pancreas weight of broilers. J Appl Poult Res, 23, 71–79.
- Röhe I, Göbel TW, Boroojeni FG, et al (2017): Effect of feeding soybean meal and differently processed peas on the gut mucosal immune system of broilers. Poult Sci, 96, 2064–2073.
- Singh S, Gamlath S, Wakeling L (2007): Nutritional aspects of food extrusion: a review. Int J Food Sci Technol, 42, 916–929.
- Wawrzyniak A, Kapica M, Stępień-Pyśniak D, et al (2017): The effect of dietary supplementation of transcarpathian zeolite on intestinal morphology in female broiler chickens. J Appl Poult Res, 26, 421–430.
- Wiseman J (1994): Full fat soya, oils and fats in poultry nutrition. Am Soybean Assoc, Bruselas, Bélgica.
- Zakaria HAH, Ata MR (2020): Efficacy of soya protein concentrates on the performance and immunity of broiler chickens. Front Vet Sci, 7, 539-546.
There are 30 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Animal Health Economics and Management |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Project Number | IR-SRBIAU-AEC 2022N18. |
| Publication Date | |
| Submission Date | November 23, 2023 |
| Acceptance Date | August 5, 2024 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2025Volume: 72 Issue: 1 |
