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PERİODONTAL HASTALIK VE ANTİOKSİDAN BİTKİLER

Year 2021, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 211 - 219, 30.04.2021
https://doi.org/10.15311/selcukdentj.408688

Abstract

Periodontal
hastalık, mevcut oral floranın disbiyozu nedeniyle periodonsiyumun yıkımına yol
açan ilerleyici, enfeksiyöz bir enflamatuvar hastalıktır. Patojenik
mikroorganizmalar, periodontal hastalığın etiyolojik faktörüdür, immüno-enflamatuvar
yanıt hastalığın ilerlemesini etkilemektedir. Periodontal hastalık sırasında,
reaktif oksijen türlerinin aşırı üretimi ve organizmanın dengeleme kapasitesi aşıldığında
oksidatif stres oluşmaktadır. Oksidatif stres, periodonsiyumun doğrudan (biyomolekül
hasarı) veya dolaylı yoldan (enflamatuvar sitokin ve yıkıcı enzimlerin
üretimini arttırarak) yıkımına neden olmaktadır. Bu nedenle, reaktif oksijen
türlerinin antagonisti olarak, antioksidanlar periodontal hastalıkların
tedavisinde yardımcı olabilmektedir. Bitkiler, periodontal sağlığın
korunmasında eşsiz rol oynayan bazı dikkat çekici faydalara ve önemli
özelliklere sahiptir. Bunlar geleneksel periodontal tedavinin sonuçlarını iyileştirebilecek
mükemmel yardımcılar olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu derlemenin amacı, antioksidan
kapasitesi ve periodontal hastalıkta potansiyeli bulunan çeşitli bitki ve bitki
ürünlerinin birkaçını vurgulamaktır.


References

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  • Chapple IL, Matthews JB. The role of reactive oxygen and antioxidant species in periodontal tissue destruction. Periodontol 2000 2007;43(1):160-232.
  • Cochran DL. Inflammation and bone loss in periodontal disease. J Periodontol 2008;79(8S):1569-76.
  • Chapple IL. Reactive oxygen species and antioxidants in inflammatory diseases. J Clin Periodontol 1997;24(5):287-96.
  • Trivedi S, Lal N. Antioxidant enzymes in periodontitis. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2017;7(1):54-7.
  • Dong Y, Huihui Z, Li C. Piperine inhibit inflammation, alveolar bone loss and collagen fibers breakdown in a rat periodontitis model. J Periodontal Res 2015;50(6):758-65.
  • Hatipoğlu M, Sağlam M, Köseoğlu S, Köksal E, Keleş A, Esen HH. The effectiveness of Crataegus orientalis M Bieber.(Hawthorn) extract administration in preventing alveolar bone loss in rats with experimental periodontitis. PLoS One 2015;10(6):e0128134.
  • Bhattarai G, Poudel SB, Kook S-H, Lee J-C. Resveratrol prevents alveolar bone loss in an experimental rat model of periodontitis. Acta Biomater 2016;29:398-408.
  • Ramesh A, Varghese SS, Doraiswamy JN, Malaiappan S. Herbs as an antioxidant arsenal for periodontal diseases. J Intercult Ethnopharmacol 2016;5(1):92-6.
  • Bhattarai G, Poudel SB, Kook SH, Lee JC. Anti‐inflammatory, anti‐osteoclastic, and antioxidant activities of genistein protect against alveolar bone loss and periodontal tissue degradation in a mouse model of periodontitis. J Biomed Mater Res A 2017;105(9):2510-21.
  • Elburki M, Moore D, Terezakis N, Zhang Y, Lee HM, Johnson F, Golub L. A novel chemically modified curcumin reduces inflammation‐mediated connective tissue breakdown in a rat model of diabetes: periodontal and systemic effects. J Periodontal Res 2017;52(2):186-200.
  • Sakanaka S, Aizawa M, Kim M, Yamamoto T. Inhibitory effects of green tea polyphenols on growth and cellular adherence of an oral bacterium, Porphyromonas gingivalis. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 1996;60(5):745-9.
  • Maruyama T, Tomofuji T, Endo Y, Irie K, Azuma T, Ekuni D, Tamaki N, Yamamoto T, Morita M. Supplementation of green tea catechins in dentifrices suppresses gingival oxidative stress and periodontal inflammation. Arch Oral Biol 2011;56(1):48-53.
  • Yoshinaga Y, Ukai T, Nakatsu S, Kuramoto A, Nagano F, Yoshinaga M, Montenegro J, Shiraishi C, Hara Y. Green tea extract inhibits the onset of periodontal destruction in rat experimental periodontitis. J Periodontal Res 2014;49(5):652-9.
  • Cai Y, Chen Z, Liu H, Xuan Y, Wang X, Luan Q. Green tea epigallocatechin-3-gallate alleviates Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced periodontitis in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2015;29(2):839-45.
  • Morin M-P, Grenier D. Regulation of matrix metalloproteinase secretion by green tea catechins in a three-dimensional co-culture model of macrophages and gingival fibroblasts. Arch Oral Biol 2017;75:89-99.
  • Hrishi T, Kundapur P, Naha A, Thomas B, Kamath S, Bhat G. Effect of adjunctive use of green tea dentifrice in periodontitis patients–A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study. Int J Dent Hyg 2016;14(3):178-83.
  • Hirasawa M, Takada K, Makimura M, Otake S. Improvement of periodontal status by green tea catechin using a local delivery system: a clinical pilot study. J Periodontal Res 2002;37(6):433-8.
  • Nadeem M, Datoo F, Bugti AA, Ayaz A, Mahfooz M. Effects of black tea and green tea on periodontal health status among dental students at pakistan. Int J Dent Clin 2014;6(4):1-3.
  • Chava VK, Vedula BD. Thermo‐Reversible Green Tea Catechin Gel for Local Application in Chronic Periodontitis: A 4‐Week Clinical Trial. J Periodontol 2013;84(9):1290-6.
  • Chopra A, Thomas BS, Sivaraman K, Prasad HK, Kamath SU. Green Tea Intake as an Adjunct to Mechanical Periodontal Therapy for the Management of Mild to Moderate Chronic Periodontitis: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Oral Health Prev Dent 2016;14(4):293-303.
  • Hattarki SA, Pushpa S, Bhat K. Evaluation of the efficacy of green tea catechins as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in the management of chronic periodontitis using PCR analysis: A clinical and microbiological study. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2013;17(2):204-9.
  • Gadagi JS, Chava VK, Reddy VR. Green tea extract as a local drug therapy on periodontitis patients with diabetes mellitus: A randomized case–control study. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2013;17(2):198-203.
  • Kaur H, Jain S, Kaur A. Comparative evaluation of the antiplaque effectiveness of green tea catechin mouthwash with chlorhexidine gluconate. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2014;18(2):178-82.
  • Hosadurga RR, Rao S, Jose J, Rompicharla NC, Shakil M, Shashidhara R. Evaluation of the efficacy of 2% curcumin gel in the treatment of experimental periodontitis. Pharmacognosy Res 2014;6(4):326-33.
  • Elavarasu S, Suthanthiran T, Thangavelu A, Alex S, Palanisamy VK, Kumar TS. Evaluation of superoxide dismutase levels in local drug delivery system containing 0.2% curcumin strip as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in chronic periodontitis: A clinical and biochemical study. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2016;8(1):48-52.
  • Behal R, Mali AM, Gilda SS, Paradkar AR. Evaluation of local drug-delivery system containing 2% whole turmeric gel used as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in chronic periodontitis: A clinical and microbiological study. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2011;15(1):35-8.
  • Suhag A, Dixit J, Dhan P. Role of curcumin as a subgingival irrigant: a pilot study. Periodontal Pract Today 2007;4(2):115-21.
  • Pourahmad J, Eskandari MR, Shakibaei R, Kamalinejad M. A search for hepatoprotective activity of aqueous extract of Rhus coriaria L. against oxidative stress cytotoxicity. Food Chem Toxicol 2010;48(3):854-8.
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  • Candan F. Effect of Rhus coriaria L.(Anacardiaceae) on superoxide radical scavenging and xanthine oxidase activity. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2003;18(1):59-62.
  • Sağlam M, Köseoğlu S, Hatipoğlu M, Esen Hh, Köksal E. Effect of sumac extract on serum oxidative status, RANKL/OPG system and alveolar bone loss in experimental periodontitis in rats. J Appl Oral Sci 2015;23(1):33-41.
  • Atteritano M, Mazzaferro S, Frisina A, Cannata M, Bitto A, D’anna R, Squadrito F, Macri I, Frisina N, Buemi M. Genistein effects on quantitative ultrasound parameters and bone mineral density in osteopenic postmenopausal women. Osteoporos Int 2009;20(11):1947-54.
  • Lee S-H, Kim J-K, Jang H-D. Genistein inhibits osteoclastic differentiation of RAW 264.7 cells via regulation of ROS production and scavenging. Int J Mol Sci 2014;15(6):10605-21.
  • Choi E-Y, Bae SH, Ha MH, Choe S-H, Hyeon J-Y, Choi J-I, Choi IS, Kim S-J. Genistein suppresses Prevotella intermedia lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response in macrophages and attenuates alveolar bone loss in ligature-induced periodontitis. Arch Oral Biol 2016;62:70-9.
  • Keser S, Celik S, Turkoglu S, Yilmaz O, Turkoglu I. Hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging and total antioxidant activity of hawthorn. Chem J 2012;2(1):9-12.
  • Paterniti I, Briguglio E, Mazzon E, Galuppo M, Oteri G, Cordasco G, Cuzzocrea S. Effects of Hypericum Perforatum, in a rodent model of periodontitis. BMC Complement Altern Med 2010;10(1):73:1-10.
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  • Tseng PC, Hou SM, Chen RJ, Peng HW, Hsieh CF, Kuo ML, Yen ML. Resveratrol promotes osteogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells by upregulating RUNX2 gene expression via the SIRT1/FOXO3A axis. J Bone Miner Res 2011;26(10):2552-63.
  • Casati MZ, Algayer C, Cardoso da Cruz G, Ribeiro FV, Casarin RC, Pimentel SP, Cirano FR. Resveratrol decreases periodontal breakdown and modulates local levels of cytokines during periodontitis in rats. J Periodontol 2013;84(10):58-64.
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  • Zare Javid A, Hormoznejad R, Zakerkish M, Haghighi‐zadeh MH, Dehghan P, Ravanbakhsh M. The impact of resveratrol supplementation on blood glucose, insulin, insulin resistance, triglyceride, and periodontal markers in type 2 diabetic patients with chronic periodontitis. Phytother Res 2017;31(1):108-14.
  • Thummuri D, Jeengar MK, Shrivastava S, Nemani H, Ramavat RN, Chaudhari P, Naidu V. Thymoquinone prevents RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis activation and osteolysis in an in vivo model of inflammation by suppressing NF-kB and MAPK Signalling. Pharmacol Res 2015;99:63-73.
  • Ozdemir H, Kara M, Erciyas K, Ozer H, Ay S. Preventive effects of thymoquinone in a rat periodontitis model: a morphometric and histopathological study. J Periodontal Res 2012;47(1):74-80.
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  • Bairy I, Reeja S, Rao PS, Bhat M, Shivananda P. Evaluation of antibacterial activity of Mangifera indica on anaerobic dental microglora based on in vivo studies. Indian J Pathol Microbiol 2002;45(3):307-10.
  • Sezer U, Kara Mİ, Erciyas K, Özdemir H, Üstün K, Özer H, Göze F. Protective effects of ginkgo biloba extract on ligature-induced periodontitis in rats. Acta Odontol Scand 2013;71(1):38-44.
  • Ryu EY, Park AJ, Park SY, Park SH, Eom HW, Kim YH, Park G, Lee S-J. Inhibitory effects of Ginkgo biloba extract on inflammatory mediator production by Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide in murine macrophages via Nrf-2 mediated heme oxygenase-1 signaling pathways. Inflammation 2012;35(4):1477-86.
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Year 2021, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 211 - 219, 30.04.2021
https://doi.org/10.15311/selcukdentj.408688

Abstract

References

  • Kinane DF. Causation and pathogenesis of periodontal disease. Periodontol 2000 2001;25(1):8-20.
  • Chapple IL, Matthews JB. The role of reactive oxygen and antioxidant species in periodontal tissue destruction. Periodontol 2000 2007;43(1):160-232.
  • Cochran DL. Inflammation and bone loss in periodontal disease. J Periodontol 2008;79(8S):1569-76.
  • Chapple IL. Reactive oxygen species and antioxidants in inflammatory diseases. J Clin Periodontol 1997;24(5):287-96.
  • Trivedi S, Lal N. Antioxidant enzymes in periodontitis. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2017;7(1):54-7.
  • Dong Y, Huihui Z, Li C. Piperine inhibit inflammation, alveolar bone loss and collagen fibers breakdown in a rat periodontitis model. J Periodontal Res 2015;50(6):758-65.
  • Hatipoğlu M, Sağlam M, Köseoğlu S, Köksal E, Keleş A, Esen HH. The effectiveness of Crataegus orientalis M Bieber.(Hawthorn) extract administration in preventing alveolar bone loss in rats with experimental periodontitis. PLoS One 2015;10(6):e0128134.
  • Bhattarai G, Poudel SB, Kook S-H, Lee J-C. Resveratrol prevents alveolar bone loss in an experimental rat model of periodontitis. Acta Biomater 2016;29:398-408.
  • Ramesh A, Varghese SS, Doraiswamy JN, Malaiappan S. Herbs as an antioxidant arsenal for periodontal diseases. J Intercult Ethnopharmacol 2016;5(1):92-6.
  • Bhattarai G, Poudel SB, Kook SH, Lee JC. Anti‐inflammatory, anti‐osteoclastic, and antioxidant activities of genistein protect against alveolar bone loss and periodontal tissue degradation in a mouse model of periodontitis. J Biomed Mater Res A 2017;105(9):2510-21.
  • Elburki M, Moore D, Terezakis N, Zhang Y, Lee HM, Johnson F, Golub L. A novel chemically modified curcumin reduces inflammation‐mediated connective tissue breakdown in a rat model of diabetes: periodontal and systemic effects. J Periodontal Res 2017;52(2):186-200.
  • Sakanaka S, Aizawa M, Kim M, Yamamoto T. Inhibitory effects of green tea polyphenols on growth and cellular adherence of an oral bacterium, Porphyromonas gingivalis. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 1996;60(5):745-9.
  • Maruyama T, Tomofuji T, Endo Y, Irie K, Azuma T, Ekuni D, Tamaki N, Yamamoto T, Morita M. Supplementation of green tea catechins in dentifrices suppresses gingival oxidative stress and periodontal inflammation. Arch Oral Biol 2011;56(1):48-53.
  • Yoshinaga Y, Ukai T, Nakatsu S, Kuramoto A, Nagano F, Yoshinaga M, Montenegro J, Shiraishi C, Hara Y. Green tea extract inhibits the onset of periodontal destruction in rat experimental periodontitis. J Periodontal Res 2014;49(5):652-9.
  • Cai Y, Chen Z, Liu H, Xuan Y, Wang X, Luan Q. Green tea epigallocatechin-3-gallate alleviates Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced periodontitis in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2015;29(2):839-45.
  • Morin M-P, Grenier D. Regulation of matrix metalloproteinase secretion by green tea catechins in a three-dimensional co-culture model of macrophages and gingival fibroblasts. Arch Oral Biol 2017;75:89-99.
  • Hrishi T, Kundapur P, Naha A, Thomas B, Kamath S, Bhat G. Effect of adjunctive use of green tea dentifrice in periodontitis patients–A Randomized Controlled Pilot Study. Int J Dent Hyg 2016;14(3):178-83.
  • Hirasawa M, Takada K, Makimura M, Otake S. Improvement of periodontal status by green tea catechin using a local delivery system: a clinical pilot study. J Periodontal Res 2002;37(6):433-8.
  • Nadeem M, Datoo F, Bugti AA, Ayaz A, Mahfooz M. Effects of black tea and green tea on periodontal health status among dental students at pakistan. Int J Dent Clin 2014;6(4):1-3.
  • Chava VK, Vedula BD. Thermo‐Reversible Green Tea Catechin Gel for Local Application in Chronic Periodontitis: A 4‐Week Clinical Trial. J Periodontol 2013;84(9):1290-6.
  • Chopra A, Thomas BS, Sivaraman K, Prasad HK, Kamath SU. Green Tea Intake as an Adjunct to Mechanical Periodontal Therapy for the Management of Mild to Moderate Chronic Periodontitis: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial. Oral Health Prev Dent 2016;14(4):293-303.
  • Hattarki SA, Pushpa S, Bhat K. Evaluation of the efficacy of green tea catechins as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in the management of chronic periodontitis using PCR analysis: A clinical and microbiological study. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2013;17(2):204-9.
  • Gadagi JS, Chava VK, Reddy VR. Green tea extract as a local drug therapy on periodontitis patients with diabetes mellitus: A randomized case–control study. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2013;17(2):198-203.
  • Kaur H, Jain S, Kaur A. Comparative evaluation of the antiplaque effectiveness of green tea catechin mouthwash with chlorhexidine gluconate. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2014;18(2):178-82.
  • Hosadurga RR, Rao S, Jose J, Rompicharla NC, Shakil M, Shashidhara R. Evaluation of the efficacy of 2% curcumin gel in the treatment of experimental periodontitis. Pharmacognosy Res 2014;6(4):326-33.
  • Elavarasu S, Suthanthiran T, Thangavelu A, Alex S, Palanisamy VK, Kumar TS. Evaluation of superoxide dismutase levels in local drug delivery system containing 0.2% curcumin strip as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in chronic periodontitis: A clinical and biochemical study. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2016;8(1):48-52.
  • Behal R, Mali AM, Gilda SS, Paradkar AR. Evaluation of local drug-delivery system containing 2% whole turmeric gel used as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in chronic periodontitis: A clinical and microbiological study. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2011;15(1):35-8.
  • Suhag A, Dixit J, Dhan P. Role of curcumin as a subgingival irrigant: a pilot study. Periodontal Pract Today 2007;4(2):115-21.
  • Pourahmad J, Eskandari MR, Shakibaei R, Kamalinejad M. A search for hepatoprotective activity of aqueous extract of Rhus coriaria L. against oxidative stress cytotoxicity. Food Chem Toxicol 2010;48(3):854-8.
  • Rayne S, Mazza G. Biological activities of extracts from sumac (Rhus spp.): a review. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 2007;62(4):165-75.
  • Candan F. Effect of Rhus coriaria L.(Anacardiaceae) on superoxide radical scavenging and xanthine oxidase activity. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2003;18(1):59-62.
  • Sağlam M, Köseoğlu S, Hatipoğlu M, Esen Hh, Köksal E. Effect of sumac extract on serum oxidative status, RANKL/OPG system and alveolar bone loss in experimental periodontitis in rats. J Appl Oral Sci 2015;23(1):33-41.
  • Atteritano M, Mazzaferro S, Frisina A, Cannata M, Bitto A, D’anna R, Squadrito F, Macri I, Frisina N, Buemi M. Genistein effects on quantitative ultrasound parameters and bone mineral density in osteopenic postmenopausal women. Osteoporos Int 2009;20(11):1947-54.
  • Lee S-H, Kim J-K, Jang H-D. Genistein inhibits osteoclastic differentiation of RAW 264.7 cells via regulation of ROS production and scavenging. Int J Mol Sci 2014;15(6):10605-21.
  • Choi E-Y, Bae SH, Ha MH, Choe S-H, Hyeon J-Y, Choi J-I, Choi IS, Kim S-J. Genistein suppresses Prevotella intermedia lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response in macrophages and attenuates alveolar bone loss in ligature-induced periodontitis. Arch Oral Biol 2016;62:70-9.
  • Keser S, Celik S, Turkoglu S, Yilmaz O, Turkoglu I. Hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging and total antioxidant activity of hawthorn. Chem J 2012;2(1):9-12.
  • Paterniti I, Briguglio E, Mazzon E, Galuppo M, Oteri G, Cordasco G, Cuzzocrea S. Effects of Hypericum Perforatum, in a rodent model of periodontitis. BMC Complement Altern Med 2010;10(1):73:1-10.
  • Tamaki N, Orihuela-Campos RC, Inagaki Y, Fukui M, Nagata T, Ito H-O. Resveratrol improves oxidative stress and prevents the progression of periodontitis via the activation of the Sirt1/AMPK and the Nrf2/antioxidant defense pathways in a rat periodontitis model. Free Radic Biol Med 2014;75:222-9.
  • Tseng PC, Hou SM, Chen RJ, Peng HW, Hsieh CF, Kuo ML, Yen ML. Resveratrol promotes osteogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells by upregulating RUNX2 gene expression via the SIRT1/FOXO3A axis. J Bone Miner Res 2011;26(10):2552-63.
  • Casati MZ, Algayer C, Cardoso da Cruz G, Ribeiro FV, Casarin RC, Pimentel SP, Cirano FR. Resveratrol decreases periodontal breakdown and modulates local levels of cytokines during periodontitis in rats. J Periodontol 2013;84(10):58-64.
  • Zhen L, Fan D-s, Zhang Y, Cao X-m, Wang L-m. Resveratrol ameliorates experimental periodontitis in diabetic mice through negative regulation of TLR4 signaling. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2015;36(2):221-8.
  • Zare Javid A, Hormoznejad R, Zakerkish M, Haghighi‐zadeh MH, Dehghan P, Ravanbakhsh M. The impact of resveratrol supplementation on blood glucose, insulin, insulin resistance, triglyceride, and periodontal markers in type 2 diabetic patients with chronic periodontitis. Phytother Res 2017;31(1):108-14.
  • Thummuri D, Jeengar MK, Shrivastava S, Nemani H, Ramavat RN, Chaudhari P, Naidu V. Thymoquinone prevents RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis activation and osteolysis in an in vivo model of inflammation by suppressing NF-kB and MAPK Signalling. Pharmacol Res 2015;99:63-73.
  • Ozdemir H, Kara M, Erciyas K, Ozer H, Ay S. Preventive effects of thymoquinone in a rat periodontitis model: a morphometric and histopathological study. J Periodontal Res 2012;47(1):74-80.
  • Carvalho RR, Pellizzon CH, Justulin Jr L, Felisbino SL, Vilegas W, Bruni F, Lopes-Ferreira M, Hiruma-Lima CA. Effect of mangiferin on the development of periodontal disease: involvement of lipoxin A4, anti-chemotaxic action in leukocyte rolling. Chem Biol Interact 2009;179(2-3):344-50.
  • Bairy I, Reeja S, Rao PS, Bhat M, Shivananda P. Evaluation of antibacterial activity of Mangifera indica on anaerobic dental microglora based on in vivo studies. Indian J Pathol Microbiol 2002;45(3):307-10.
  • Sezer U, Kara Mİ, Erciyas K, Özdemir H, Üstün K, Özer H, Göze F. Protective effects of ginkgo biloba extract on ligature-induced periodontitis in rats. Acta Odontol Scand 2013;71(1):38-44.
  • Ryu EY, Park AJ, Park SY, Park SH, Eom HW, Kim YH, Park G, Lee S-J. Inhibitory effects of Ginkgo biloba extract on inflammatory mediator production by Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide in murine macrophages via Nrf-2 mediated heme oxygenase-1 signaling pathways. Inflammation 2012;35(4):1477-86.
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There are 67 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Dentistry
Journal Section Review
Authors

Didem Bezirci

Meltem Karşıyaka Hendek

Ebru Olgun This is me

Publication Date April 30, 2021
Submission Date March 22, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 8 Issue: 1

Cite

Vancouver Bezirci D, Karşıyaka Hendek M, Olgun E. PERİODONTAL HASTALIK VE ANTİOKSİDAN BİTKİLER. Selcuk Dent J. 2021;8(1):211-9.