Öz
This study was aimed at determining the morphological and genetic traits of Malaklı Karabash dogs in Turkey. Body weight, head and body measurements were taken from eighteen months of age and older, of total 277 dogs (77 female and 200 male). The statistically values (X±SE) on sex groups (female and male, respectively) for body weight (kg), and for head meaures enclosed head length, face length, ear length, ear width, ears interval, eyes interval, muzzle circumference measures (cm) were detected 53.20±1.01, 62.29±0.68; 30.92±0.24, 32.98±0.18; 11.80±0.15, 12.55±0.09; 16.73±0.26, 17.67±0.17; 13.96±0.26, 14.78±0.18; 17.95±0.35, 18.77±0.19; 5.63±0.12, 5.99±0.10; 29.67±0.28, 32.17±0.22 respectively. The statistic values (X±SE) for Malaklı female and male dogs for body measurements enclosed height at withers, rump height, body length, chest width, chest depth, heart girth, front and hind cannon bone circumference, tail length measures (cm) were found 72.98±0.49, 78.36±0.31; 72.87±0.53, 78.65±0.34; 79.02±0.62, 82.68±0.60; 24.76±0.35, 26.68±0.20; 30.86±0.26, 33.73±0.44; 84.47±0.71, 89.89±0.76; 14.71±0.12, 15.76±0.08; 13.90±0.16, 14.76±0.08; 51.36±0.83, 54.76±0.45, respectively. For genetic analysis a blood samples were taken from 212 non-relative dogs from a total 277 dogs used in this study. The results of the analysis for FIS, FIT, FST values, heterozygosity (He) and Tajima Neutrality Test were found to be 0.0184, 0.0209, 0.0025; 0.797 and 1.808, respectively. A020 (18.9%) and B001 (35.2%) haplotypes in Malaklı Karabash population were found to be the highest
Anahtar Kelimeler
Body measurements dog live weight Malaklı Karabash microsatellite
Kaynakça
- Altet L, Francino O, Sánchez A (2001): Microsatellite polymorphism in closely related dogs, J Hered, 92, 276-279.
- Anonim (2001): SPSS Statistical Package in Social Science for Windows. Statistical Innovations Inc., Serial Number 902 4147.
- Ardalan A, Kluetsch CFC, Zhang A, Erdogan M, Uhlen M, Houshmand M, Tepeli C, Ashtiani SRM, Savolainen P (2011): Comprehensive study of mtDNA among Southwest Asian dogs contradicts independent domestication of wolf, but implies dog-wolf hybridization, Ecol Evol, 1, 373-385.
- Arıtürk E (1983): Genel Zootekni. A. Ü. Veteriner Fakültesi Yayınları: 395, Ankara.
- Atasoy F (2010): Köpek - Kedi Yetiştiriciliği Ders Notları, Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi, Zootekni Anabilim Dalı, Ankara.
- Atasoy F, Kanlı O (2005): Türk Çoban Köpeği Kangal, 2. Baskı, Medisan Yayıncılık, No: 60, Ankara.
- Atasoy F, Uğurlu M, Özarslan B, Yakan A (2011): Halk elinde yetiştirilen Akbaş köpeklerinde canlı ağırlık ve vücut ölçüleri, Ankara Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 58, 213-215.
- Atasoy F, Erdoğan M, Yüceer B, Özarslan B, Kocakaya A (2011): Türk Mastifi morfolojik ve genetik özelliklerinin belirlenmesi ve bu köpeğin tanıtılması, Broşür 1. Baskı, Medisan Yayınevi Ltd Şti., Ankara.
- Belkhir K, Borsa P, Chikhi L, Goudet J, Bonhomme F (1996): GENETIX 4.00 WindowsTM Software for Population Genetics, Laboratoire Genome, Populations, Intereactions, University of Montpellier, France.
- Daşkıran İ (2007): Body weight and some morphological characteristics of Kangal dogs, J Anim Vet Adv, 6, 368- 370.
- Erdogan M, Ozbeyaz C (2004): Investigation of blood protein polymorphism and estimation of genetic distances in some dog breeds in Turkey, Turk J Vet Anim Sci, 28, 583-590.
- Erdoğan M, Tepeli C, Özbeyaz C, Dosay-Akbulut M, Uğuz C (2012): Comparison of some morphological characteristics of native Turkish dog breeds. Eurasian J Vet Sci, 28, 106-110.
- Erdoğan M, Tepeli C, Brenig B, Dosay-Akbulut M, Uğuz C, Savolainen P, Özbeyaz C (2013): Genetic variability among native dog breeds in Turkey. Turk J Biol, 37, 176-183.
- FCI (1989): Anatolian Shepherd Dog, In: Federation Cynologique Internationale, Belgium.
- Hartl DL, Clark AG (1989): Principles of Population Genetics, Second Edition, Sinaur Associates, Inc. Publishers, Sunderland, Massachsetts.
- Ichikawa Y, Takagi K, Tsumagari S, Ishihama K, Morita M, Kanemaki M, Takeishi M, Takahashi H (2001): Canine parentage testing based on microsatellite polymorphisms, J Vet Med Sci, 63, 1209-1213.
- Irion DN, Schaffer AL, Famula TR, Eggleston ML, Hughes SS, Pedersen NC (2003): Analysis of genetic variation in 28 dog breed populations with 100 microsatellite markers, J Hered, 94, 81-87.
- Irion DN, Schaffer AL, Grant S, Wilton AN, Pedersen NC (2005): Genetic variation analysis of the Bali street dog using microsatellites, BMC Genetics, 6, 1-13.
- Jordana J, Piedrafita J, Sanchez A (1991): Variabiliad Y relaciones geneticas de cinco poblaciones de la raza canina " Gos d’Atura ", Prod Sanid Anim, 6, 211-223.
- Jouquand S, Priat C, Hitte C, Lachaume P, Andre C, Galibert F (2000): Identification and characterization of a set of 100 tri- and dinucleotide microsatellites in the canine genome, Anim Genet, 31, 266-272.
- Kırmızıbayrak T (2004): Some morphological characteristics of Kars dogs, Turk J Vet Anim Sci, 28, 351-353.
- Kim KS, Tanabe Y, Park CK, Ha JH (2001): Genetic variability in East Asian dogs using microsatellite loci analysis, J Hered, 92, 398-403.
- Kobayashi R, Miyakawa H, Tanabe Y, Hashimoto Y, Ôta K, Fraque MO (1987): Blood protein polymorphism in Bangladesh native dogs, Report of the Society for Research on Native Livestock, 12, 269-289.
- Koskinen MT, Bredbacka P (2000): Assessment of the population structure of five Finnish dog breeds with microsatellites, Anim Genet, 31, 310-317.
- Lachmann C (1993): Verteilung Genetisher Polymorphismen bei Einigen Deutschen Hunderassen, Tierarztl, Hochsch., Diss., Hannover.
- Lüpke L, Distl O (2005): Microsatellite marker analysis of the genetic variability in Hanoverian hounds, J Anim Breed Genet, 122, 131-139.
- Miller MP (1998): TFPGA (Tools for Population Genetic Analysis) Version 1.3., Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University.
- Nei M (1972): Genetic distance between populations, Am Nat, 106, 283-292.
- Nei M (1987): Molecular Evolutionary Genetics, Columbia University Press, New York.
- Nei M, Kumar S (2000): Molecular Evolution and Phylogenetics, Oxford University Press, New York.
- Onar V, Özcan S, Pazvant G (2001): Skull typology of adult male Kangal dogs, Anat Histol Embryol, 30, 41-48.
- Özbeyaz C (1994): Kangal köpeklerinde bazı morfolojik özellikler, Lalahan Hay Araşt Enst Derg, 34, 38-46.
- Reynolds J, Weir BS, Cockerham CC (1983): Estimation of the coancestry coefficient: basis for a short- term genetic distance, Genetics, 105, 767-769.
- Sambrook J, Fritsch EF, Maniatis T (1989): Molecular Cloning:Laboratory Manual. Cold Spring Harbor Press. Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA.
- Sneath PHA, Sokal RR (1973): Taxonomy Structure, In Numerical Taxonomy, The Principle and Practice of Numerical Classification, (ed. Kenedy, D. and Park, R.B.), W.H. Freeman, San Francisco, 134-230.
- Spira RH (1991): Canine Terminology, Howell Book House Inc., Newyork, USA.
- Tajima F (1989): Statistical methods to test for nucleotide mutation hypothesis by DNA polymorphism, Genetics, 123, 585-595.
- Tamura K, Dudley J, Nei M, Kumar S (2007): MEGA4: Molecular evolutionary genetics analysis software version 4.0, Mol Biol Evol, 24, 1596-1599.
- Tanabe Y, Ota K, Ito S, Hashimoto Y, Sung YY, Ryu JK, Fraque MO (1991): Biochemical-genetic relationships among Asian and European dogs and the ancestry of the Japanese native dogs, J Anim Breed Genet, 108, 455-478.
- Tepeli C, Çetin O (2000): Kangal ırkı Türk çoban köpeklerinde büyüme bazı vücut ölçüleri ve döl verimi özelliklerinin belirlenmesi, I. Büyüme ve bazı vücut ölçüleri, Veteriner Bilimler Dergisi, 16, 5-16.
- Tepeli C, Çetin O (2003): A study on head measurements of Kangal and Akbas Turkish shepherd dogs, J Vet Sci, 19, 17-20.
- Tepeli C, Çetin O, İnal Ş, Kırıkçı K, Yılmaz A (2003): Kangal ve Akbaş ırkı Türk çoban köpeklerinde büyüme özellikleri, Turk J Vet Anim Sci, 27, 1011-1018.
- Weir BS, Cockerham CC (1984): Estimating F-statistics for the analysis of population, Evolution, 38, 1358-1370.
- Wright S (1965): The interpretation of population structure by F-statistics with special regard to systems of mating, Evolution, 19, 395-420.
- Wright S (1978): The Theory of Gene Frequencies, Evolution and The Genetics of Populations, University Of Chicago Press, Vol. 4.
Öz
Bu araştırmada, Türkiye’nin yerli köpeklerinden 18 aylık yaş ve üzeri, 77 dişi ve 200 erkek olmak üzere toplam 277 Malaklı Karabaş köpeğin morfolojik ve genetik özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Canlı ağırlık (kg) ortalaması dişilerde 53.20±1.01, erkeklerde 62.29±0.68, baş ölçülerinin ortalama değerleri (cm) dişi ve erkeklerde sırasıyla; baş uzunluğu 30.92±0.24, 32.98±0.18; yüz uzunluğu 11.80±0.15, 12.55±0.09; kulak uzunluğu 16.73±0.26, 17.67±0.17; kulak genişliği 13.96±0.26, 14.78±0.18; kulaklar arası mesafe 17.95±0.35, 18.77±0.19; gözler arası mesafe 5.63±0.12, 5.99±0.10; ağız çevresi 29.67±0.28, 32.17±0.22; beden ölçüleri (cm) ise aynı sırayla; cidago yüksekliği 72.98±0.49, 78.36±0.31; sağrı yüksekliği 72.87±0.53, 78.65±0.34; beden uzunluğu 79.02±0.62, 82.68±0.60; göğüs genişliği 24.76±0.35, 26.68±0.20; göğüs derinliği 30.86±0.26, 33.73±0.44; göğüs çevresi 84.47±0.71, 89.89±0.76; ön incik çevresi 14.71±0.12, 15.76±0.08; arka incik çevresi 13.90±0.16, 14.76±0.08; kuyruk uzunluğu 51.36±0.83, 54.76±0.45 olarak tespit edilmiştir. 277 köpek üzerinde yapılan bu çalışmada, birbiriyle akrabalığı olmayanlardan 212’si üzerinde gerçekleştirilen genetik analizler sonucunda, ortalama FIS, FIT ve FST değerleri sırasıyla, 0.0184, 0.0209 ve 0.0025; heterozigotluk indeksi (He) 0.797; Tajima Nötralite testi sonucu 1.808 olarak tespit edilmiştir
Anahtar Kelimeler
Canlı ağırlık köpek Malaklı Karabaş mikrosatelit vücut ölçüleri
Kaynakça
- Altet L, Francino O, Sánchez A (2001): Microsatellite polymorphism in closely related dogs, J Hered, 92, 276-279.
- Anonim (2001): SPSS Statistical Package in Social Science for Windows. Statistical Innovations Inc., Serial Number 902 4147.
- Ardalan A, Kluetsch CFC, Zhang A, Erdogan M, Uhlen M, Houshmand M, Tepeli C, Ashtiani SRM, Savolainen P (2011): Comprehensive study of mtDNA among Southwest Asian dogs contradicts independent domestication of wolf, but implies dog-wolf hybridization, Ecol Evol, 1, 373-385.
- Arıtürk E (1983): Genel Zootekni. A. Ü. Veteriner Fakültesi Yayınları: 395, Ankara.
- Atasoy F (2010): Köpek - Kedi Yetiştiriciliği Ders Notları, Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi, Zootekni Anabilim Dalı, Ankara.
- Atasoy F, Kanlı O (2005): Türk Çoban Köpeği Kangal, 2. Baskı, Medisan Yayıncılık, No: 60, Ankara.
- Atasoy F, Uğurlu M, Özarslan B, Yakan A (2011): Halk elinde yetiştirilen Akbaş köpeklerinde canlı ağırlık ve vücut ölçüleri, Ankara Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 58, 213-215.
- Atasoy F, Erdoğan M, Yüceer B, Özarslan B, Kocakaya A (2011): Türk Mastifi morfolojik ve genetik özelliklerinin belirlenmesi ve bu köpeğin tanıtılması, Broşür 1. Baskı, Medisan Yayınevi Ltd Şti., Ankara.
- Belkhir K, Borsa P, Chikhi L, Goudet J, Bonhomme F (1996): GENETIX 4.00 WindowsTM Software for Population Genetics, Laboratoire Genome, Populations, Intereactions, University of Montpellier, France.
- Daşkıran İ (2007): Body weight and some morphological characteristics of Kangal dogs, J Anim Vet Adv, 6, 368- 370.
- Erdogan M, Ozbeyaz C (2004): Investigation of blood protein polymorphism and estimation of genetic distances in some dog breeds in Turkey, Turk J Vet Anim Sci, 28, 583-590.
- Erdoğan M, Tepeli C, Özbeyaz C, Dosay-Akbulut M, Uğuz C (2012): Comparison of some morphological characteristics of native Turkish dog breeds. Eurasian J Vet Sci, 28, 106-110.
- Erdoğan M, Tepeli C, Brenig B, Dosay-Akbulut M, Uğuz C, Savolainen P, Özbeyaz C (2013): Genetic variability among native dog breeds in Turkey. Turk J Biol, 37, 176-183.
- FCI (1989): Anatolian Shepherd Dog, In: Federation Cynologique Internationale, Belgium.
- Hartl DL, Clark AG (1989): Principles of Population Genetics, Second Edition, Sinaur Associates, Inc. Publishers, Sunderland, Massachsetts.
- Ichikawa Y, Takagi K, Tsumagari S, Ishihama K, Morita M, Kanemaki M, Takeishi M, Takahashi H (2001): Canine parentage testing based on microsatellite polymorphisms, J Vet Med Sci, 63, 1209-1213.
- Irion DN, Schaffer AL, Famula TR, Eggleston ML, Hughes SS, Pedersen NC (2003): Analysis of genetic variation in 28 dog breed populations with 100 microsatellite markers, J Hered, 94, 81-87.
- Irion DN, Schaffer AL, Grant S, Wilton AN, Pedersen NC (2005): Genetic variation analysis of the Bali street dog using microsatellites, BMC Genetics, 6, 1-13.
- Jordana J, Piedrafita J, Sanchez A (1991): Variabiliad Y relaciones geneticas de cinco poblaciones de la raza canina " Gos d’Atura ", Prod Sanid Anim, 6, 211-223.
- Jouquand S, Priat C, Hitte C, Lachaume P, Andre C, Galibert F (2000): Identification and characterization of a set of 100 tri- and dinucleotide microsatellites in the canine genome, Anim Genet, 31, 266-272.
- Kırmızıbayrak T (2004): Some morphological characteristics of Kars dogs, Turk J Vet Anim Sci, 28, 351-353.
- Kim KS, Tanabe Y, Park CK, Ha JH (2001): Genetic variability in East Asian dogs using microsatellite loci analysis, J Hered, 92, 398-403.
- Kobayashi R, Miyakawa H, Tanabe Y, Hashimoto Y, Ôta K, Fraque MO (1987): Blood protein polymorphism in Bangladesh native dogs, Report of the Society for Research on Native Livestock, 12, 269-289.
- Koskinen MT, Bredbacka P (2000): Assessment of the population structure of five Finnish dog breeds with microsatellites, Anim Genet, 31, 310-317.
- Lachmann C (1993): Verteilung Genetisher Polymorphismen bei Einigen Deutschen Hunderassen, Tierarztl, Hochsch., Diss., Hannover.
- Lüpke L, Distl O (2005): Microsatellite marker analysis of the genetic variability in Hanoverian hounds, J Anim Breed Genet, 122, 131-139.
- Miller MP (1998): TFPGA (Tools for Population Genetic Analysis) Version 1.3., Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University.
- Nei M (1972): Genetic distance between populations, Am Nat, 106, 283-292.
- Nei M (1987): Molecular Evolutionary Genetics, Columbia University Press, New York.
- Nei M, Kumar S (2000): Molecular Evolution and Phylogenetics, Oxford University Press, New York.
- Onar V, Özcan S, Pazvant G (2001): Skull typology of adult male Kangal dogs, Anat Histol Embryol, 30, 41-48.
- Özbeyaz C (1994): Kangal köpeklerinde bazı morfolojik özellikler, Lalahan Hay Araşt Enst Derg, 34, 38-46.
- Reynolds J, Weir BS, Cockerham CC (1983): Estimation of the coancestry coefficient: basis for a short- term genetic distance, Genetics, 105, 767-769.
- Sambrook J, Fritsch EF, Maniatis T (1989): Molecular Cloning:Laboratory Manual. Cold Spring Harbor Press. Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA.
- Sneath PHA, Sokal RR (1973): Taxonomy Structure, In Numerical Taxonomy, The Principle and Practice of Numerical Classification, (ed. Kenedy, D. and Park, R.B.), W.H. Freeman, San Francisco, 134-230.
- Spira RH (1991): Canine Terminology, Howell Book House Inc., Newyork, USA.
- Tajima F (1989): Statistical methods to test for nucleotide mutation hypothesis by DNA polymorphism, Genetics, 123, 585-595.
- Tamura K, Dudley J, Nei M, Kumar S (2007): MEGA4: Molecular evolutionary genetics analysis software version 4.0, Mol Biol Evol, 24, 1596-1599.
- Tanabe Y, Ota K, Ito S, Hashimoto Y, Sung YY, Ryu JK, Fraque MO (1991): Biochemical-genetic relationships among Asian and European dogs and the ancestry of the Japanese native dogs, J Anim Breed Genet, 108, 455-478.
- Tepeli C, Çetin O (2000): Kangal ırkı Türk çoban köpeklerinde büyüme bazı vücut ölçüleri ve döl verimi özelliklerinin belirlenmesi, I. Büyüme ve bazı vücut ölçüleri, Veteriner Bilimler Dergisi, 16, 5-16.
- Tepeli C, Çetin O (2003): A study on head measurements of Kangal and Akbas Turkish shepherd dogs, J Vet Sci, 19, 17-20.
- Tepeli C, Çetin O, İnal Ş, Kırıkçı K, Yılmaz A (2003): Kangal ve Akbaş ırkı Türk çoban köpeklerinde büyüme özellikleri, Turk J Vet Anim Sci, 27, 1011-1018.
- Weir BS, Cockerham CC (1984): Estimating F-statistics for the analysis of population, Evolution, 38, 1358-1370.
- Wright S (1965): The interpretation of population structure by F-statistics with special regard to systems of mating, Evolution, 19, 395-420.
- Wright S (1978): The Theory of Gene Frequencies, Evolution and The Genetics of Populations, University Of Chicago Press, Vol. 4.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Veteriner Cerrahi |
| Diğer ID | JA82TZ95YR |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makalesi |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 1 Haziran 2014 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2014 |