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Radiological and ultrasonographical evaluation of lower urinary tract diseases in cats

Year 2018, , 73 - 78, 01.03.2018
https://doi.org/10.1501/Vetfak_0000002830

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate lower urinary tract diseases of cats with plain radiography, ultrasonography and contrast cystography retrospectively and assess the most appropriate imaging method for each disease. In the study, 134 cats with different age, sex and breed were presented with one or more clinical signs of lower urinary tract diseases (LUTD). All cats were evaluated by radiography and ultrasonography, and contrast radiography had been performed on cats, in which plain radiography and ultrasonography were inadequate for diagnosing LUTD. LUTD included cystitis (n=20), urinary crystals (n=35), urinary crystals with cystitis (n=51), bladder calculi (n=6), bladder polyps (n=8), blood clots (n=9), bladder rupture (n=1) and idiopathic obstructions (n=4). The present study confirms that ultrasonography is an efficient imaging method for examination of lower urinary tract, but radiography and contrast cystography are still useful for diagnosing calculi, bladder ruptures, suspected urethral obstructions, and chronic cystitis which can not be evaluated by ultrasonography

References

  • Buffington CAT, Westropp JL, Chew DJ, et al. (2006): Risk factors associated with clinical signs of lower urinary tract disease in indoor-housed cats. JAVMA, 228, 722-725.
  • Burk RL, Feeney DA (2003): The abdomen. In: Burk RL, Feeney DA (Eds), Small Animal Radiology and Ultrasonography, A Diagnostic Atlas and Text. 1st edition, 249-476, Saunders, USA.
  • Farrow CS (2003): Kidney, ureteral bladder, prostatic and urethral disease. In: Farrow CS (ed), Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging: The Dog and Cat. Mosby Inc, Philadelphia.
  • Gerber B, Boretti FS, Kley S, et al. (2005): Evaluation of clinical signs and causes of lower urinary tract disease in European cats. J Small Anim Pract, 46, 571-577.
  • Gunn-Moore DA (2003): Feline lower urinary tract disease. J Feline Med Surg, 5, 133-138.
  • Hostutler RA, Chew DJ, Dibartola SP (2005): Recent concepts in feline lower urinary tract disease. Vet Clin Small Anim Pract, 35, 147-170.
  • Itkin RJ, Krawiec DR, Cloran JA, et al. (1994): Ulcerative urocystitis in a dog associated with a Nocardia- like microorganism. JAVMA, 31, 296-299.
  • Johnston GR, Walter PA, Feeney DA (1986): Radiographic and ultrasonographic features of uroliths and other urinary tract filling defects. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract, 16, 261-292.
  • Kalınbacak A, Atalay Ö, Kırmızıgül AH, et al. (2004): Kedi ve köpeklerde sistitis’in tanısında çift kontrast sistografi tekniğinin kullanımı ve tedavide enrofloksasin’in etkinliğinin araştırılması. Ankara Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 51, 111-115.
  • Kealy JK, Mcallister H, Graham JP (2011): The abdomen. In: Kealy JK, Mcallıster H, Graham JP (Eds), Diagnostic Radiology and Ultrasonography of the Dog and Cat. 23-198, Saunders Elsevier, USA.
  • Lekcharoensuk C, Osborne CA, Lulich JP (2001): Epidemiologic study of risk factors for lower urinary tract diseases in cats. JAVMA, 218, 1429-1435.
  • Leveille R (1998): Ultrasonography of urinary bladder disorders. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract, 28, 799- 821.
  • Nevins J, Mai W, Thomas E (2015): Associations between ultrasound and clinical findings in 87 cats with urethral obtruction. Vet Radiol Ultrasound, 56, 439-447.
  • Nyland TG, Mattoon JS, Wisner ER (1995): Ultrasonography of the urinary tract and adrenal glands. In: Nyland TG, Mattoon JS (Eds), Veterinary Diagnostic Ultrasound. 95-124, W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia. Geliş tarihi: 16.08.2016 / Kabul tarihi: 01.03.2017 Address for correspondence: Doç. Dr. Oytun Okan ŞENEL Ankara University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Department of Surgery, 06110, Dışkapı, Ankara, Turkey. e-mail: oytunsenel@gmail.com

Kedilerde alt idrar yolu hastalıklarının radyolojik ve ultrasonografik değerlendirmesi

Year 2018, , 73 - 78, 01.03.2018
https://doi.org/10.1501/Vetfak_0000002830

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, kedilerin alt idrar yolu hastalıklarının direkt radyografi, ultrasonografi, kontrast sistografi ile retrospektif olarak değerlendirilmesi ve her hastalık için en uygun görüntüleme metodunun ortaya konmasıdır. Çalışmada farklı yaş, cinsiyet ve ırkta 134 kedi, alt idrar yolu hastalıklarının bir veya daha fazla klinik bulgusu ile getirilmiştir. Kedilerin tamamı radyografi ve ultrasonografi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Alt idrar yolu hastalığı olarak sistitis (n=20), idrar kristalleri (n=35), sistitisle birlikte seyreden idrar kristalleri (n=51), idrar taşları (n=6), idrar kesesi polipleri (n=8), idrar kesesi içindeki kan pıhtıları (n=9), idrar kesesi rupturu (n=1) ve idiopatik obstrüksiyonlar (n=4) belirlenmiştir. İdrar kesesinin opak taşları direkt abdominal radyografi ile kolaylıkla tespit edilmiştir. Kronik sistitis ve idrar kesesi rupturunun belirlenmesinde kontrast sistografi; sistitis, taş, kristal, polip ve kan pıhtılarının teşhisi için ultrasonografi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada, alt idrar yollarının değerlendirilmesinde ultrasonografinin yeterli bir görüntüleme metodu olduğu doğrulanmış, ancak radyografi ve kontrast sistografinin de idrar taşı, idrar rupturu, şüpheli idrar yolu obstrüksiyonu ve ultrasonografi ile belirlenemeyen kronik sistitis teşhisinde yararlı olduğu görülmüştür

References

  • Buffington CAT, Westropp JL, Chew DJ, et al. (2006): Risk factors associated with clinical signs of lower urinary tract disease in indoor-housed cats. JAVMA, 228, 722-725.
  • Burk RL, Feeney DA (2003): The abdomen. In: Burk RL, Feeney DA (Eds), Small Animal Radiology and Ultrasonography, A Diagnostic Atlas and Text. 1st edition, 249-476, Saunders, USA.
  • Farrow CS (2003): Kidney, ureteral bladder, prostatic and urethral disease. In: Farrow CS (ed), Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging: The Dog and Cat. Mosby Inc, Philadelphia.
  • Gerber B, Boretti FS, Kley S, et al. (2005): Evaluation of clinical signs and causes of lower urinary tract disease in European cats. J Small Anim Pract, 46, 571-577.
  • Gunn-Moore DA (2003): Feline lower urinary tract disease. J Feline Med Surg, 5, 133-138.
  • Hostutler RA, Chew DJ, Dibartola SP (2005): Recent concepts in feline lower urinary tract disease. Vet Clin Small Anim Pract, 35, 147-170.
  • Itkin RJ, Krawiec DR, Cloran JA, et al. (1994): Ulcerative urocystitis in a dog associated with a Nocardia- like microorganism. JAVMA, 31, 296-299.
  • Johnston GR, Walter PA, Feeney DA (1986): Radiographic and ultrasonographic features of uroliths and other urinary tract filling defects. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract, 16, 261-292.
  • Kalınbacak A, Atalay Ö, Kırmızıgül AH, et al. (2004): Kedi ve köpeklerde sistitis’in tanısında çift kontrast sistografi tekniğinin kullanımı ve tedavide enrofloksasin’in etkinliğinin araştırılması. Ankara Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 51, 111-115.
  • Kealy JK, Mcallister H, Graham JP (2011): The abdomen. In: Kealy JK, Mcallıster H, Graham JP (Eds), Diagnostic Radiology and Ultrasonography of the Dog and Cat. 23-198, Saunders Elsevier, USA.
  • Lekcharoensuk C, Osborne CA, Lulich JP (2001): Epidemiologic study of risk factors for lower urinary tract diseases in cats. JAVMA, 218, 1429-1435.
  • Leveille R (1998): Ultrasonography of urinary bladder disorders. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract, 28, 799- 821.
  • Nevins J, Mai W, Thomas E (2015): Associations between ultrasound and clinical findings in 87 cats with urethral obtruction. Vet Radiol Ultrasound, 56, 439-447.
  • Nyland TG, Mattoon JS, Wisner ER (1995): Ultrasonography of the urinary tract and adrenal glands. In: Nyland TG, Mattoon JS (Eds), Veterinary Diagnostic Ultrasound. 95-124, W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia. Geliş tarihi: 16.08.2016 / Kabul tarihi: 01.03.2017 Address for correspondence: Doç. Dr. Oytun Okan ŞENEL Ankara University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Department of Surgery, 06110, Dışkapı, Ankara, Turkey. e-mail: oytunsenel@gmail.com
There are 14 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Veterinary Surgery
Other ID JA37SV65CB
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

İrem Ergin

Yusuf Şen

Oytun Okan Şenel

Deva Başak Özgermen

Ali Bumin

Publication Date March 1, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018

Cite

APA Ergin, İ., Şen, Y., Şenel, O. O., Özgermen, D. B., et al. (2018). Radiological and ultrasonographical evaluation of lower urinary tract diseases in cats. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 65(1), 73-78. https://doi.org/10.1501/Vetfak_0000002830
AMA Ergin İ, Şen Y, Şenel OO, Özgermen DB, Bumin A. Radiological and ultrasonographical evaluation of lower urinary tract diseases in cats. Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg. March 2018;65(1):73-78. doi:10.1501/Vetfak_0000002830
Chicago Ergin, İrem, Yusuf Şen, Oytun Okan Şenel, Deva Başak Özgermen, and Ali Bumin. “Radiological and Ultrasonographical Evaluation of Lower Urinary Tract Diseases in Cats”. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 65, no. 1 (March 2018): 73-78. https://doi.org/10.1501/Vetfak_0000002830.
EndNote Ergin İ, Şen Y, Şenel OO, Özgermen DB, Bumin A (March 1, 2018) Radiological and ultrasonographical evaluation of lower urinary tract diseases in cats. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 65 1 73–78.
IEEE İ. Ergin, Y. Şen, O. O. Şenel, D. B. Özgermen, and A. Bumin, “Radiological and ultrasonographical evaluation of lower urinary tract diseases in cats”, Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg, vol. 65, no. 1, pp. 73–78, 2018, doi: 10.1501/Vetfak_0000002830.
ISNAD Ergin, İrem et al. “Radiological and Ultrasonographical Evaluation of Lower Urinary Tract Diseases in Cats”. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 65/1 (March 2018), 73-78. https://doi.org/10.1501/Vetfak_0000002830.
JAMA Ergin İ, Şen Y, Şenel OO, Özgermen DB, Bumin A. Radiological and ultrasonographical evaluation of lower urinary tract diseases in cats. Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2018;65:73–78.
MLA Ergin, İrem et al. “Radiological and Ultrasonographical Evaluation of Lower Urinary Tract Diseases in Cats”. Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 65, no. 1, 2018, pp. 73-78, doi:10.1501/Vetfak_0000002830.
Vancouver Ergin İ, Şen Y, Şenel OO, Özgermen DB, Bumin A. Radiological and ultrasonographical evaluation of lower urinary tract diseases in cats. Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg. 2018;65(1):73-8.