Abstract
In this case, the use of the Cell Block technique in the diagnosis of pleural effusion collected from a 3.5 year old Setter Spaniel breed dog was investigated. The dog was presented to Ankara University Small Animal Hospital with the history of acute dyspnea, weakness, exercise intolerance and tachypnea for a week. Routine clinical examinations including blood testing were performed. Abdominal distension, pleural effusion and cyanotic cranial mucous membranes were remarkable during physical examination. The pleural fluid collected by thoracocentesis was brownish-colored, cloudy and has contained granular materials. The specimen collected from the dog was separated into three aliquots, one part was processed in a routine manner for cytological examination by cytocentrifugation, and the other parts of the sample were used for a cell block and bacteriological analysis. In microbiological analysis, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. were isolated. The cytocentrifuged preparations and cell block sections revealed septic effusion. The cell block technique demonstrated morphological details better than cytocentrifugation. In conclusion, in this case, cytology and bacteriology of effusion, routine blood tests, abdominal radiography and echocardiography showed that the pleural effusion was resulted from pyothorax due to severe tricuspid dysplasia
References
- Bauer T, Woodfield JA (1995): Mediastinal, pleural, and extrapleural diseases. 812-842. In: Ettinger SJ and Feldman FJ (Eds). Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine. Fourth edition, WB Saunders Company, Philadelphia.
- Boon JA (2011): Congenital Shunts and AV valve dysplasia. 468-469.In: Boon, J.A. Veterinary Echocardiography. Wiley-Blackwell, Ames, Iowa.
- Boothe HW, Howe LM, Boothe DM, Reynolds LA, Carpenter M (2010): Evaluation of outcomes in dogs treated for pyothorax: 46 cases (1983-2001). J Am Vet Med Assoc, 15, 236, 657-63.
- Demetriou J L, Foale RD, Ladlow J, McGrotty Y, Faulkner J, Kirby BM (2002): Canine and feline pyothorax: a retrospective study of 50 cases in the UK and Ireland. J Small Anim Pract, 43, 388-394.
- Gaur D D, Chauhan N, Kusum A, Harsh m, telekar M, Kishore S, Pathak V P (2007): Pleural fluid analysis-role in diagnosing pleural malignancy. J Cytol, 24, 183-188.
- Gülbahar MY, Gürtürk K (2002): Pyothorax associated with a Mycoplasma sp and Arcanobacterium pyogenes in a kitten. Aust Vet J, 80, 344-345.
- Johnson MS, Marti MWS (2007): Successful medical treatment of 15 dogs with pyothorax. J Small Anim Pract, 48, 12-16.
- Kittleson MD, Kienle RD (1998): Congenital abnormalities of the atrioventricular valves. 273-281. In: Kittleson, MD, Kienle, R D. Small animal cardiovascular medicine. Saint Louis, Mosby.
- Kushwaha R, Shashikala P, Hiremath S, Basavaraj HG (2008): The cells in the pleural fluid and their value in the differential diagnosis. J Cytol, 25, 138-43.
- Piek CJ, Robben JH (2000): Pyothorax in nine dogs. Vet Q, 22, 107-11.
- Rahman NM, Chapman SJ, Davies RJ (2005): Pleural effusion: a structured approach to care. Br Med Bull, 72, 31-47.
- Scott JA, Macintire DK (2003): Canine pyothorax: Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, and Treatment. Comp Cont Educ Pract, 25, 180-194.
- Shaughhnessy R (2004): Ebstein’s anomaly. 1335–1342. In: Crawford MH, DiMarco JP, Paulus WJ (Eds), Cardiology, 2nd edition, Tokyo, Mosby.
- Thapar M, Mishra RK, Sharma A, Goyal V, Goyal V (2009): Critical analysis of cell block versus smear examinations on effusions. J Cytol, 26, 60-64.
- Udasimath S, Arakeril SU, Mahesh, Karigowdar MH, Yelikar BR( 2012): The role of the cell block method in the diagnosis of malignant ascitic fluid effusions. JCDR, 6, 1280 – 1283.
- Walker AL, Jang SS, Hirsh DC (2000): Bacteria associated with pyothorax of dogs and cats: 98 cases (1989-1998). J Am Vet Med Assoc, 216, 359-363.
- Ware WA (2007): Congenital cardiovascular diseases. 245. In: Ware, W.A. Cardiovascular disease in small animal medicine. Manson publishing, London. Geliş tarihi: 02.08.2013 / Kabul tarihi: 09.10.2013 Address for correspondence: Latife ÇAKIR, DVM, PhD Associate Professor Department of Pathology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Erciyes, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey e-mail: lcakir@erciyes.edu.tr
Abstract
Bu olguda, 3,5 yaşlı, dişi Setter İspanyol ırkı bir köpekte plevral efüzyonun tanısında hücre bloğu tekniğinin kullanım olanağı araştırıldı. Bir haftadan beri akut solunum güçlüğü, halsizlik, hızlı solunum öyküsü olan bir köpek Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Küçük Hayvan Hastanesine kabul edildi. Kan testleri dahil rutin klinik incelemeleri yapıldı. Yapılan fiziksel incelemede karın şişkinliği, plevral efüzyon ve kranial müköz membranlarda siyanoz dikkati çekti. Torakosentez ile alınan plevra sıvısı kahverengimsi renkte, bulanık ve granüler materyal içermekteydi. Alınan plevra sıvısı örnekleri üç kısıma ayrıldı. Bir kısmı santrifuj teknikleriyle çalışıldı, diğer kısımlar ise hücre bloğu ve bakteriyolojik izolasyon için kullanıldı. Mikrobiyolojik yoklamada Escherichia coli ve Klebsiella spp. izole edildi. Plevral sıvının sitolojisinde septik efüzyona rastlandı. Hücre bloğunda sitosantrifüj tekniğine göre hücrelerin morfolojik detayları daha belirgin olarak görüldü. Sonuç olarak, bu olguda plevral efüzyonlu bir köpeğe sitolojik, bakteriyolojik, abdominal radyografi, ekokardiyografi, rutin kan testleriyle şiddetli triküspid yetmezliğine bağlı pyotoraks tanısı konuldu
References
- Bauer T, Woodfield JA (1995): Mediastinal, pleural, and extrapleural diseases. 812-842. In: Ettinger SJ and Feldman FJ (Eds). Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine. Fourth edition, WB Saunders Company, Philadelphia.
- Boon JA (2011): Congenital Shunts and AV valve dysplasia. 468-469.In: Boon, J.A. Veterinary Echocardiography. Wiley-Blackwell, Ames, Iowa.
- Boothe HW, Howe LM, Boothe DM, Reynolds LA, Carpenter M (2010): Evaluation of outcomes in dogs treated for pyothorax: 46 cases (1983-2001). J Am Vet Med Assoc, 15, 236, 657-63.
- Demetriou J L, Foale RD, Ladlow J, McGrotty Y, Faulkner J, Kirby BM (2002): Canine and feline pyothorax: a retrospective study of 50 cases in the UK and Ireland. J Small Anim Pract, 43, 388-394.
- Gaur D D, Chauhan N, Kusum A, Harsh m, telekar M, Kishore S, Pathak V P (2007): Pleural fluid analysis-role in diagnosing pleural malignancy. J Cytol, 24, 183-188.
- Gülbahar MY, Gürtürk K (2002): Pyothorax associated with a Mycoplasma sp and Arcanobacterium pyogenes in a kitten. Aust Vet J, 80, 344-345.
- Johnson MS, Marti MWS (2007): Successful medical treatment of 15 dogs with pyothorax. J Small Anim Pract, 48, 12-16.
- Kittleson MD, Kienle RD (1998): Congenital abnormalities of the atrioventricular valves. 273-281. In: Kittleson, MD, Kienle, R D. Small animal cardiovascular medicine. Saint Louis, Mosby.
- Kushwaha R, Shashikala P, Hiremath S, Basavaraj HG (2008): The cells in the pleural fluid and their value in the differential diagnosis. J Cytol, 25, 138-43.
- Piek CJ, Robben JH (2000): Pyothorax in nine dogs. Vet Q, 22, 107-11.
- Rahman NM, Chapman SJ, Davies RJ (2005): Pleural effusion: a structured approach to care. Br Med Bull, 72, 31-47.
- Scott JA, Macintire DK (2003): Canine pyothorax: Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, and Treatment. Comp Cont Educ Pract, 25, 180-194.
- Shaughhnessy R (2004): Ebstein’s anomaly. 1335–1342. In: Crawford MH, DiMarco JP, Paulus WJ (Eds), Cardiology, 2nd edition, Tokyo, Mosby.
- Thapar M, Mishra RK, Sharma A, Goyal V, Goyal V (2009): Critical analysis of cell block versus smear examinations on effusions. J Cytol, 26, 60-64.
- Udasimath S, Arakeril SU, Mahesh, Karigowdar MH, Yelikar BR( 2012): The role of the cell block method in the diagnosis of malignant ascitic fluid effusions. JCDR, 6, 1280 – 1283.
- Walker AL, Jang SS, Hirsh DC (2000): Bacteria associated with pyothorax of dogs and cats: 98 cases (1989-1998). J Am Vet Med Assoc, 216, 359-363.
- Ware WA (2007): Congenital cardiovascular diseases. 245. In: Ware, W.A. Cardiovascular disease in small animal medicine. Manson publishing, London. Geliş tarihi: 02.08.2013 / Kabul tarihi: 09.10.2013 Address for correspondence: Latife ÇAKIR, DVM, PhD Associate Professor Department of Pathology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Erciyes, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey e-mail: lcakir@erciyes.edu.tr
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Veterinary Surgery |
| Other ID | JA42AH47PM |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | March 1, 2014 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2014Volume: 61 Issue: 1 |