Effects of body condition score on fertility and some reproductive performance in holstein dairy cows
Abstract
This study conducted to evaluate the effects of body condition score at artificial insemination (AI) on fertility and some reproductive performance. In this study, the total of 110 Holstein cows at different body condition score (BCS) were used. The cows in oestrus were fertilized by artificial insemination. The diameters of preovulatory follicles were determined using ultrasound. In addition, serum progesterone levels were determined. The pregnancy diagnosis in cows was performed using ultrasound at 30-40 days after insemination. Initially, the rates of pregnancy following insemination were 26.6, 34.2, 43.3, 45.0 and 42.8 %, in the 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, ≥ 3.5 BCS groups (p>0.05) whereas the index of insemination and pregnancy were 2.79 and 3.07. Average of postpartum – first insemination time (day) was 85.05 and at 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, ≥3.5 body condition score were 95.22, 83.89, 84.00, 91.05, 63.86 (p>0.05). The diameter (cm) of the mean pre-ovulatory follicles were not different in BCS groups, which was found 1.48. In conclusion; Low and high BCS at AI was not associated significantly with postpartum-first insemination time, first insemination pregnancy rate, pregnancy and artificial insemination index
Keywords
Artificial insemination body condition score Holstein cow fertility reproductive parameters
References
- Alaçam E, Ay SS, Saban E (2009): İnek, koyun ve köpeklerde değişik radioimmunassay progesteron ölçüm kitlerinin reprodüktif sürecin farklı evrelerinde değerlendirilmesi. Ankara Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 56, 34-41
- Butler WR (2003): Energy balance relationship w,th follicular development, ovulation and fertility in postpartum dairy cows. Livest Prod Sci 83, 211-218.
- Butler WR, Smith RD (1989): Interrelationships between energy balance and postpartum reproductive function. J. Dairy Sci, 72,767.
- Byers DI (1999): Practical on-farm suggestions for managing body condition, dry matter ıntake for optimum production, reproduction and health. Erişim: http://www.wcds.afns.ualberta.ca/Proceedings/1999/chap1 5. htm. Erişim Tarihi: 21.03.2008.
- Ciccioli NH, Wettemann RP, Spicer LJ, Lents CA, White FJ, Keisler DH (2003): Influence of body condition at calving and postpartum nutrition on endocrine function and reproductive performance of primiparous beef cows. J Anim Sci, 81, 3107-3120.
- Daşkın A (2005): Sığırcılık işletmelerinde reprodüksiyon yönetimi ve suni tohumlama. Ankara Üniversitesi, Veteriner Fakültesi, Dölerme ve Suni Tohumlama Anabilim Dalı, Ankara, Türkiye.
- Domecq JJ, Skidmore AL, Lloyd JW, Kaneene JB (1997): Relationship between body condition scores and conception at first artificial insemination in a large dairy herd of high yielding Holstein cows. J Dairy Sci, 80,113- 120.
- Edmnoson AJ, Lean IJ, Farver T and Webster G (1989): A body condition scoring chart for holstein dairy cows. J Dairy Sci, 72, 68-78.
- Eversole DE, Browne MF, Hall JB and Dietz RE (2000): Erişim:http://www.ext.vt.edu/pubs/beef/400-795/400- 795.html. Erişim tarihi: 25.09.2008.
- Ferguson JD, Galligan DT, Thomsen N (1994): Principal descriptors of body condition score in holstein cows. J. Dairy sci. 77, 2695-2673
- Ferguson SD, Galligan DT (1993): Reproductive programs in dairy herds. Proc. Central Veterinary Conference, 1, 161-178, Kansas City, MO, USA.
- Gillund P, Reksen O, Gröhn YT, Karlberg K (2001): Body condition related to ketosis and reproductive performance in Norwegian dairy cows. J Dairy Sci, 84, 1390-1396.
- Grimard B, Freret S, Chevallier A, Pinto A, Ponsart C, Humblot P (2006): Genetic and environmental factors influencing first service conception rate and late embryonic/foetal mortality in low fertility dairy herds. Anim Reprod Sci, 91, 31-44.
- Grummer RR (2000): Energy status and reproductive function in dairy cattle. Erişim: http://www.veterinaria.uchile.cl/publicacion/congresoxi/pr afesional/bovi /7.doc Erişim Tarihi: 08.08.2008.
- Lents CA, White FJ, Ciccioli NH, Wettemann RP, Spicer LJ, Lalman DL (2008): Effects of body condition score at parturition and postpartum protein supplementation on estrous behavior and size of the dominant follicle in beef cows. J Anim Sci, 86, 2549-2556.
- Loeffler Sh, De Vries MJ, Schukken Yh, De Zeeuw AC, Dijkhuizen AA, Graaf FM and Brand A (1999): Use of AI technician scores for body condition, uterine tone and uterine discharge in a model with disease and milk production parameters to predict pregnancy risk at first AI in holstein dairy cows. Theriogenelogy, 51, 1267-1284.
- Lopez-Gatius F, Yaniz J, Madriles-Helm D (2003): Effect of body condition score and change on the reproductive performance of dairy cows: a meta-analysis. Theriogenelogy, 59, 801-812.
- Montiel F, Ahuja C (2005): Body condition and suckling as factors influencing the duration of postpartum anestrus in cattle. Anim Repro Sci, 85,1-26.
- Morrison DG, Spitzer JC, Perkins JL (1999): Influence of prepartum body condition score change on reproduction in multiparous beef cows calving in moderate body condition. J Anim Sci, 77, 1048-54.
- Perry GA, Smith MF, Lucy MC, Green JA, Parks TE, Macneil MD, Roberts AJ and Geary TW (2005): Relationship between follicle size at insemination and pregnancy success. Proc Natl Acad Sci, 102, 5268-5273.
- Rae DO, Kunkle WE, Chenoweth PJ, Sand RS and Tran T (1993): Relationship of parity and body condition score to pregnancy rates in Florida beef cattle. Theriogenology, 39, 1143-1152.
- Rastani RR, Andrew SM, Zinn SA and Sniffen CJ (2001): Body composition and estimated tissue energy balance in jersey and holstein cows during early lactation. J Dairy Sci, 84, 1201-1209.
- Richards MW, Spitzer JC, and Werner MB (1986): Effect of varying levels of postpartum nutrition and body condition at calving on subsequent reproductive performance in beef cattle. J Anim Sci, 62, 300-306.
- Ruegg PL and Milton RL (1995): Body condition scores of holstein cows on Prince Edward Island, Canada: Relationships with yield, reproductive performance, and disease. J Dairy Sci, 78, 552-564
- Santos JE, Rutigliano HM, Filho MF. (2009): Risk factors for resumption of postpartum estrous cycles and embryonic survival in lactating dairy cows. Anim Reprod Sci, 110, 207-221.
- Smith RD, Oltenacu PA, Erb HN (2007): The Economics of reproductive performance. Erişim: http://www.wvu.edu/. Erişim Tarihi: 19.09.2008.
- Yaylak, E (2003): Siyah alaca ineklerde döl verimi özelliklerine vücut kondisyon puanının etkisi. Hayvansal Üretim, 44, 44-51.
- Waltner SS, Mcnamara JP and Hillers JK (1993): Relationships of body condition ship score to production variables in high producing holstein dairy cattle. J Dairy Sci, 76, 3410-19
- Wildman EE, Jones GM, Wagner PE and Bowman RL (1982): A dairy cow body condition scoring system and its relationship to selected production characteristics. J. Dairy Sci, 65, 495-501.
- Wolfgang K (2004): Veterinary reproductive ultrasonography. Special edition. English translation and revision by dietrich volkmann and robert kenney. Schlütersche Verlagsgeselleschaft mbH & Co. KG. Geliş tarihi: 28.04.2009 / Kabul tarihi: 05.07.2010
Abstract
Çalışmanın amacı, holştayn ineklerde suni tohumlama dönemindeki vücut kondisyon skorunun (VKS) fertilite ve bazı reprodüktif parametrelere olan etkisinin ortaya konulmasıdır. Çalışmada değişik vücut kondisyonda olan 110 baş Holştayn inek materyal olarak kullanıldı. Östrusa gelmiş ineklere suni tohumlama yapıldı ve vücut kondisyon skoru tespit edildi. Tohumlanan ineklerin, preovulatör follikül çapı ve kan progesteron (P4) düzeyi saptandı. Suni tohumlama sonrası 30-40. günlerde ise gebelik tespiti yapıldı. Araştırmanın sonucuna göre, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 ve ≥3.5 vücut kondisyon skorlu grupların birinci suni tohumlama gebelik oranı (%) sırasıyla 26.6, 34.2, 43.3, 45.0 ve 42.8 dir (p>0.05). Tohumlama indeksi 2.79, gebelik indeksi ise 3.07 dir. Ortalama 85.05 gün olan doğum- ilk tohumlama süresi (gün) ortalama 85.05, VKS 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 ve ≥3.5 gruplarında sırasıyla 95.22, 83.89, 84.00, 91.05, 63.86 (p>0.05) dir. Suni tohumlama uygulamalarında ortalama preovulatör follikül çapı 1.48 cm olarak tespit edilirken, VKS grupları arasında istatistiki bir farklılık gözlenmedi (p>0.05). Sonuç olarak, tohumlamada düşük ve yüksek vücut kondisyon skorunun, doğum-suni tohumlama zamanı, gebelik indeksi, tohumlama indeksi ve ilk tohumlama gebelik oranı üzerine istatistiki önemde bir etkisinin olmadığı gözlenmiştir
References
- Alaçam E, Ay SS, Saban E (2009): İnek, koyun ve köpeklerde değişik radioimmunassay progesteron ölçüm kitlerinin reprodüktif sürecin farklı evrelerinde değerlendirilmesi. Ankara Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 56, 34-41
- Butler WR (2003): Energy balance relationship w,th follicular development, ovulation and fertility in postpartum dairy cows. Livest Prod Sci 83, 211-218.
- Butler WR, Smith RD (1989): Interrelationships between energy balance and postpartum reproductive function. J. Dairy Sci, 72,767.
- Byers DI (1999): Practical on-farm suggestions for managing body condition, dry matter ıntake for optimum production, reproduction and health. Erişim: http://www.wcds.afns.ualberta.ca/Proceedings/1999/chap1 5. htm. Erişim Tarihi: 21.03.2008.
- Ciccioli NH, Wettemann RP, Spicer LJ, Lents CA, White FJ, Keisler DH (2003): Influence of body condition at calving and postpartum nutrition on endocrine function and reproductive performance of primiparous beef cows. J Anim Sci, 81, 3107-3120.
- Daşkın A (2005): Sığırcılık işletmelerinde reprodüksiyon yönetimi ve suni tohumlama. Ankara Üniversitesi, Veteriner Fakültesi, Dölerme ve Suni Tohumlama Anabilim Dalı, Ankara, Türkiye.
- Domecq JJ, Skidmore AL, Lloyd JW, Kaneene JB (1997): Relationship between body condition scores and conception at first artificial insemination in a large dairy herd of high yielding Holstein cows. J Dairy Sci, 80,113- 120.
- Edmnoson AJ, Lean IJ, Farver T and Webster G (1989): A body condition scoring chart for holstein dairy cows. J Dairy Sci, 72, 68-78.
- Eversole DE, Browne MF, Hall JB and Dietz RE (2000): Erişim:http://www.ext.vt.edu/pubs/beef/400-795/400- 795.html. Erişim tarihi: 25.09.2008.
- Ferguson JD, Galligan DT, Thomsen N (1994): Principal descriptors of body condition score in holstein cows. J. Dairy sci. 77, 2695-2673
- Ferguson SD, Galligan DT (1993): Reproductive programs in dairy herds. Proc. Central Veterinary Conference, 1, 161-178, Kansas City, MO, USA.
- Gillund P, Reksen O, Gröhn YT, Karlberg K (2001): Body condition related to ketosis and reproductive performance in Norwegian dairy cows. J Dairy Sci, 84, 1390-1396.
- Grimard B, Freret S, Chevallier A, Pinto A, Ponsart C, Humblot P (2006): Genetic and environmental factors influencing first service conception rate and late embryonic/foetal mortality in low fertility dairy herds. Anim Reprod Sci, 91, 31-44.
- Grummer RR (2000): Energy status and reproductive function in dairy cattle. Erişim: http://www.veterinaria.uchile.cl/publicacion/congresoxi/pr afesional/bovi /7.doc Erişim Tarihi: 08.08.2008.
- Lents CA, White FJ, Ciccioli NH, Wettemann RP, Spicer LJ, Lalman DL (2008): Effects of body condition score at parturition and postpartum protein supplementation on estrous behavior and size of the dominant follicle in beef cows. J Anim Sci, 86, 2549-2556.
- Loeffler Sh, De Vries MJ, Schukken Yh, De Zeeuw AC, Dijkhuizen AA, Graaf FM and Brand A (1999): Use of AI technician scores for body condition, uterine tone and uterine discharge in a model with disease and milk production parameters to predict pregnancy risk at first AI in holstein dairy cows. Theriogenelogy, 51, 1267-1284.
- Lopez-Gatius F, Yaniz J, Madriles-Helm D (2003): Effect of body condition score and change on the reproductive performance of dairy cows: a meta-analysis. Theriogenelogy, 59, 801-812.
- Montiel F, Ahuja C (2005): Body condition and suckling as factors influencing the duration of postpartum anestrus in cattle. Anim Repro Sci, 85,1-26.
- Morrison DG, Spitzer JC, Perkins JL (1999): Influence of prepartum body condition score change on reproduction in multiparous beef cows calving in moderate body condition. J Anim Sci, 77, 1048-54.
- Perry GA, Smith MF, Lucy MC, Green JA, Parks TE, Macneil MD, Roberts AJ and Geary TW (2005): Relationship between follicle size at insemination and pregnancy success. Proc Natl Acad Sci, 102, 5268-5273.
- Rae DO, Kunkle WE, Chenoweth PJ, Sand RS and Tran T (1993): Relationship of parity and body condition score to pregnancy rates in Florida beef cattle. Theriogenology, 39, 1143-1152.
- Rastani RR, Andrew SM, Zinn SA and Sniffen CJ (2001): Body composition and estimated tissue energy balance in jersey and holstein cows during early lactation. J Dairy Sci, 84, 1201-1209.
- Richards MW, Spitzer JC, and Werner MB (1986): Effect of varying levels of postpartum nutrition and body condition at calving on subsequent reproductive performance in beef cattle. J Anim Sci, 62, 300-306.
- Ruegg PL and Milton RL (1995): Body condition scores of holstein cows on Prince Edward Island, Canada: Relationships with yield, reproductive performance, and disease. J Dairy Sci, 78, 552-564
- Santos JE, Rutigliano HM, Filho MF. (2009): Risk factors for resumption of postpartum estrous cycles and embryonic survival in lactating dairy cows. Anim Reprod Sci, 110, 207-221.
- Smith RD, Oltenacu PA, Erb HN (2007): The Economics of reproductive performance. Erişim: http://www.wvu.edu/. Erişim Tarihi: 19.09.2008.
- Yaylak, E (2003): Siyah alaca ineklerde döl verimi özelliklerine vücut kondisyon puanının etkisi. Hayvansal Üretim, 44, 44-51.
- Waltner SS, Mcnamara JP and Hillers JK (1993): Relationships of body condition ship score to production variables in high producing holstein dairy cattle. J Dairy Sci, 76, 3410-19
- Wildman EE, Jones GM, Wagner PE and Bowman RL (1982): A dairy cow body condition scoring system and its relationship to selected production characteristics. J. Dairy Sci, 65, 495-501.
- Wolfgang K (2004): Veterinary reproductive ultrasonography. Special edition. English translation and revision by dietrich volkmann and robert kenney. Schlütersche Verlagsgeselleschaft mbH & Co. KG. Geliş tarihi: 28.04.2009 / Kabul tarihi: 05.07.2010
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Veterinary Surgery |
| Other ID | JA88SR45YD |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | June 1, 2011 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2011Volume: 58 Issue: 2 |