The effects of supplemental essential oil and/or probiotic on performance, immun System and someblood parameters in broilers
Öz
This experiment was carried out to determine the effects of rosemary (Rosemarinus officinalis) essential oil and probiotic (Lactobacillus acidofilus, Lactobacillus casei, Enterococcus faecium, Bifidobacterium thermophilus) added to the broiler diets on performance characteristics, some blood parameters and immune system. A total of 272 male broiler chicks were used in this experiment. They were divided into one control group and three treatment group, totaly 4 group, each containing 68 male chicks. The diets of the first, second and third treatment groups were supplemented with 200 mg/kg essential oil, probiotic and combination of these two supplementation with same levels, respectively. There were not any supplementation to the diet of control group. The experimental period lasted 42 days. At the end of the experiment, dietary treatments which contained essential oil and essential oil with probiotic decreased feed intake and they had beter feed efficiency (p<0,01). Dietary probiotic supplemented group increased the body weight gain compared with only essential oil supplemented group (p<0,05) at 0-21 days. During the following weeks, no significant effects were observed for dietary probiotic supplementation on body weight gain. At the end of the experiment, body weight, body weight gain, carcass yield, percentages of some internal organs and abdominal fat, pH value of small intestine, total cholesterol, trigliceride of blood serum and humoral immun response were not effected by dietary supplements
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Allan WH, Gough RE (1974): A standard hemaglutation inhibition test for new castle disease. A comparition of macro and micro methods. Vet Rec, 95: 120-124.
- Alçiçek A, Bozkurt M, Çabuk M (2003): The effect of an essential oil combination derived from sellected herbs growing wild in Turkey on broiler performance. S Afr J Anim Sci, 33:89-94.
- Alçiçek A, Bozkurt M, Çabuk M (2004): The effect of a mixture of herbal essantial oils, an organic acid or probiotics on broiler performance. S Afr J Anim Sci, 34: 217-222.
- Alp M, Kahraman R, Kocabağlı N, Eren M, Şenel HS (1993): Lactiferm-L5 ve bazı antibiyotiklerin broiler performansı, abdominal yağ ve ince bağırsak ağırlığı ile kan kolesterolüne etkileri. İÜ Vet Fak Derg, 19: 145-157.
- AOAC (2000): Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International. 17th edn AOAC Int Maryland.
- Bölükbaşı ŞC, Erhan MK, Özkan A (2006): Effect of dietary thyme oil and vitamin E on growth, lipid oxidation, meat fatty acid composition and serum lipoproteins of broilers. S Afr J Anim Sci, 36: 189-196.
- Dawson B, Trap RG (2001): Basic and Clinical Biostatistics. 3rd edn Lange Medical Boks/McGnaw-Hill Medical Publishing Division, New York.
- Denli M, Okan F, Çelik K (2003):Effect of dietary probiotic, organic acid antibiotic supplementation to diets on broiler performance and carcass yield. Pakistan J. Nut. 2 (2): 89-91.
- Denli M, Okan F, Uluocak AN (2004): Effect of dietary supplementation of hearb essantial oils on the growth performance, carcass and intestinal caracteristics of quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). S Afr J Anim Sci, 34:174- 179.
- Ferket PR (2009): Poultry nutrition moves towards higer standard. World Poult, 25: 14-16
- Fuller R (1989): Probiotics in man and animals. J Appl Bacteriol, 66: 365-378.
- Hernandez F, Madrid J, Garcia V, Orengo J, Megias MD (2004): Influence of two plant extracts on broilers performance, digestibility, and digestive organ size. Poult Sci, 83: 169- 174.
- Kalavathy R, Abdullah N, Jalaludin S, Ho YW (2003): Effects of Lactobasillus cultures on growth performance, abdominal fat deposition, serum lipids and weight of organs of broiler chickens. Br Poult Sci, 44: 139-144.
- Kong XF, Hu YL, Yin YL, Wu GY, Rui R, Wang DY, Yang CB (2006): Chinese herbal ingredients are effective immune stimulators for chickens infected with the newcastle disease virus. Poult Sci, 85: 2169-2175.
- Konuk T (1981): Pratik Fizyoloji I., 2. Baskı, Ankara, Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Yayınları, No: 378, Ankara Üniversitesi Basımevi.
- Lee KW, Everts H, Kappert HJ, Frehner M, Losa R, Beynen AC (2003): Effects of dietary essential oil components on growth performance, digestive enzymes and lipid metabolism in female chickens. Br Poult Sci, 44: 450-457.
- Mountzouris KC, Tsirtsikos P, Kalamara E, Nitsch S, Schatzmayr G, Fegeros K (2007): Evaluation of the efficacy of a probiotic containing Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus, and Pediococcus strains in promoting broiler performance and modulating cecal microflora composition and metabolic activities. Poult Sci, 86: 309–317.
- National Research Council (1994): Nutrient requirements of poultry. 9th rev. ed. National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC.
- Santonyo S, Cavero S, Janime L, Ibenaz E, Senorans FJ, Reglero G (2005): Activity of Rosmerinus officinalis L. essential oil obtained via supercritical fluid extraction. J Food Prot, 68: 790-795.
- Sevinç A, Merdun B (1995): Türkiye’de yetişen uçucu yağ içeren bitkiler ve kullanım alanları. Bitirme ödevi, Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Gıda Mühendisliği Bölümü.
- Şimşek ÜG, Güler T, Çiftçi M, Ertaş ON, Dalkılıç B (2005): Esans yağ karışımının (kekik, karanfil ve anason) broylerlerde canlı ağırlık, karkas ve etlerin duyusal özellikleri üzerine etkisi. Yüzüncü Yıl Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 16: 1-5.
- TSE (1991): Hayvan Yemleri-Metabolik (Çevrilebilir) Enerji Tayini (Kimyasal Metot). TSE No: 9619, Türk Standartları Enstitüsü. Ankara.
- Watkins BA, Kratzer FH (1983): Effect of oral dozing of Lactobacillus strain on gut colonization and liver biotin in broiler chicks. Poult Sci, 62: 2088-2094.
- Yalçın S, Sehu A, Onbaşılar EE, Şahin T (2003): Broyler rasyonlarına humat ve probiyotik ilavesinin performans üzerine etkileri. Ankara Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 50: 239-244.
- Zulkıflı I, Abdullah N, Azrın NM, Ho YW (2000): Growth performance and immune response of two commercial broiler strains fed diets containing Lactobacillus cultures and oxytetracycline under heat stres conditions. Br Poult Sci, 41: 593-597
Esansiyel yağ ve/veya probiyotiğin broylerlerde performans, immun sistem ve bazı kan parametreleri üzerine etkisi
Öz
Bu araştırma broyler yemlerine biberiye (Rosemarinus officinalis) esansiyel yağ ve probiyotik (Lactobacillus acidofilus, Lactobacillus casei, Enterococcus faecium, Bifidobacterium thermophilus) ilavesinin verim özellikleri, bazı kan parametreleri ve bağışıklık sistemi üzerine etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmada hayvan materyali olarak toplam 272 adet erkek broyler civciv kullanılmıştır. Deneme her biri 68 erkek broyler civcivden oluşan 1 kontrol ve 3 deneme grubu olmak üzere toplam 4 grup halinde yürütülmüştür. Birinci, ikinci ve üçüncü deneme grupları rasyonlarına sırasıyla esansiyel yağ (200 mg/kg), probiyotik (0-21. günlerde 1 g/kg; 22-42. günlerde 0,5 g/kg) ve aynı düzeylerdeki esansiyel yağ ve probiyotik birlikte ilave edilmiştir. Kontrol grubu rasyonuna herhangi bir ilave yapılmamıştır. Araştırma 42 gün sürdürülmüştür. Araştırmanın sonunda esansiyel yağ ile esansiyel yağ ve probiyotiği birlikte içeren deneme gruplarında yem tüketimi düşmüş ve bu gruplarda yemden yararlanma daha iyi şekillenmiştir (p<0,01). Rasyona probiyotik ilave edilen grup, 0-21. günde canlı ağırlık artışını, sadece esansiyel yağ ilavesi yapılan gruba kıyasla arttırmıştır (p<0,05). Araştırmanın sonunda rasyona ilave edilen bileşenlerin canlı ağırlık, canlı ağırlık artışı, karkas randımanı, iç organ ağırlıkları ve abdominal yağ ağırlığı oranları, ince bağırsak pH’sı, kan serumunda toplam kolesterol ve trigliserit düzeyleri ve hümoral immun yanıt üzerine etkisi gözlenmemiştir
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Allan WH, Gough RE (1974): A standard hemaglutation inhibition test for new castle disease. A comparition of macro and micro methods. Vet Rec, 95: 120-124.
- Alçiçek A, Bozkurt M, Çabuk M (2003): The effect of an essential oil combination derived from sellected herbs growing wild in Turkey on broiler performance. S Afr J Anim Sci, 33:89-94.
- Alçiçek A, Bozkurt M, Çabuk M (2004): The effect of a mixture of herbal essantial oils, an organic acid or probiotics on broiler performance. S Afr J Anim Sci, 34: 217-222.
- Alp M, Kahraman R, Kocabağlı N, Eren M, Şenel HS (1993): Lactiferm-L5 ve bazı antibiyotiklerin broiler performansı, abdominal yağ ve ince bağırsak ağırlığı ile kan kolesterolüne etkileri. İÜ Vet Fak Derg, 19: 145-157.
- AOAC (2000): Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International. 17th edn AOAC Int Maryland.
- Bölükbaşı ŞC, Erhan MK, Özkan A (2006): Effect of dietary thyme oil and vitamin E on growth, lipid oxidation, meat fatty acid composition and serum lipoproteins of broilers. S Afr J Anim Sci, 36: 189-196.
- Dawson B, Trap RG (2001): Basic and Clinical Biostatistics. 3rd edn Lange Medical Boks/McGnaw-Hill Medical Publishing Division, New York.
- Denli M, Okan F, Çelik K (2003):Effect of dietary probiotic, organic acid antibiotic supplementation to diets on broiler performance and carcass yield. Pakistan J. Nut. 2 (2): 89-91.
- Denli M, Okan F, Uluocak AN (2004): Effect of dietary supplementation of hearb essantial oils on the growth performance, carcass and intestinal caracteristics of quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). S Afr J Anim Sci, 34:174- 179.
- Ferket PR (2009): Poultry nutrition moves towards higer standard. World Poult, 25: 14-16
- Fuller R (1989): Probiotics in man and animals. J Appl Bacteriol, 66: 365-378.
- Hernandez F, Madrid J, Garcia V, Orengo J, Megias MD (2004): Influence of two plant extracts on broilers performance, digestibility, and digestive organ size. Poult Sci, 83: 169- 174.
- Kalavathy R, Abdullah N, Jalaludin S, Ho YW (2003): Effects of Lactobasillus cultures on growth performance, abdominal fat deposition, serum lipids and weight of organs of broiler chickens. Br Poult Sci, 44: 139-144.
- Kong XF, Hu YL, Yin YL, Wu GY, Rui R, Wang DY, Yang CB (2006): Chinese herbal ingredients are effective immune stimulators for chickens infected with the newcastle disease virus. Poult Sci, 85: 2169-2175.
- Konuk T (1981): Pratik Fizyoloji I., 2. Baskı, Ankara, Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Yayınları, No: 378, Ankara Üniversitesi Basımevi.
- Lee KW, Everts H, Kappert HJ, Frehner M, Losa R, Beynen AC (2003): Effects of dietary essential oil components on growth performance, digestive enzymes and lipid metabolism in female chickens. Br Poult Sci, 44: 450-457.
- Mountzouris KC, Tsirtsikos P, Kalamara E, Nitsch S, Schatzmayr G, Fegeros K (2007): Evaluation of the efficacy of a probiotic containing Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus, and Pediococcus strains in promoting broiler performance and modulating cecal microflora composition and metabolic activities. Poult Sci, 86: 309–317.
- National Research Council (1994): Nutrient requirements of poultry. 9th rev. ed. National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC.
- Santonyo S, Cavero S, Janime L, Ibenaz E, Senorans FJ, Reglero G (2005): Activity of Rosmerinus officinalis L. essential oil obtained via supercritical fluid extraction. J Food Prot, 68: 790-795.
- Sevinç A, Merdun B (1995): Türkiye’de yetişen uçucu yağ içeren bitkiler ve kullanım alanları. Bitirme ödevi, Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Gıda Mühendisliği Bölümü.
- Şimşek ÜG, Güler T, Çiftçi M, Ertaş ON, Dalkılıç B (2005): Esans yağ karışımının (kekik, karanfil ve anason) broylerlerde canlı ağırlık, karkas ve etlerin duyusal özellikleri üzerine etkisi. Yüzüncü Yıl Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 16: 1-5.
- TSE (1991): Hayvan Yemleri-Metabolik (Çevrilebilir) Enerji Tayini (Kimyasal Metot). TSE No: 9619, Türk Standartları Enstitüsü. Ankara.
- Watkins BA, Kratzer FH (1983): Effect of oral dozing of Lactobacillus strain on gut colonization and liver biotin in broiler chicks. Poult Sci, 62: 2088-2094.
- Yalçın S, Sehu A, Onbaşılar EE, Şahin T (2003): Broyler rasyonlarına humat ve probiyotik ilavesinin performans üzerine etkileri. Ankara Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 50: 239-244.
- Zulkıflı I, Abdullah N, Azrın NM, Ho YW (2000): Growth performance and immune response of two commercial broiler strains fed diets containing Lactobacillus cultures and oxytetracycline under heat stres conditions. Br Poult Sci, 41: 593-597
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Veteriner Cerrahi |
| Diğer ID | JA45AS79DM |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makalesi |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 1 Aralık 2011 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2011Cilt: 58 Sayı: 4 |